Migraine headache is one most
common headaches defined as condition of chronic neurological disorder
of moderate to severe headaches, and nausea that usually develop
gradually over 5–20 minutes and last for less than 60 minutes and
affected over 15% of the population in US alone, as a result of the
change in the brain and its surrounding blood vessels.C.1. Complications
Complications of migraine headaches can be divided into the following,
according to the International Headache Society's classification of
headaches.
1. Chronic migraine
Chronic migraines is defined as headaches
in the absence of medication overuse, occurring on ≥15 days per month
for ≥3 months, of which headaches on ≥8 days must fulfill the criteria
for migraine is that they continue over a
long period of time. It is also known as transformed migraine, as
chronic migraines can evolve (or transform) from episodic to almost
daily headaches with mild symptoms (C.1.1)
2. Status migrainosus
Status migrainosus is defined as a condition of migraine
episodes that persist for less than 3 days, but in most case, there are
periods of relative relief, but these generally last no longer than
four hours. With symptoms similar general migraine. Dihydroergotamine
and the triptans, has found to reduce the number of headache episodes
that persist after initial treatment or fail to respond to self-administered therapy(C.1.2)
3. Persistent aura without infarction (PAWI)
Persistent aura without infarction (PAWI) is a rare complications of
migraines with neurological and ophthalmological examinations. The
visual symptoms is a result of decreased left fronto-parieto-occipital
and right occipital blood perfusion.(C.1.3.)
4. Migrainous infarction
Migrainous infarction is a rare complication after usual attacks of migraine with aura. Some studies suggested that "possible" cases of migrainous infarction
should undergo an extended diagnostic workup to rule out symptomatic
migraine due to extra/intra-cranial vascular pathology (artery
dissection/malformations, venous thrombosis) and to exclude a causal
role for other conditions(C.1.4.)
5. Migraine seizures
A migraine seizure is an epileptic seizure that follows a migraine with
aura, meeting the definition for a migraine with aura, and an epileptic
seizure must occur within one hour of the migraine aura. Some
researchers suggested thatthe occurrence of common susceptibility loci
for epilepsy and migraine on chromosomes
14q12-q23 and 12q24.2-q24.3, implicating a shared genetic etiology for
these 2 diseases(C.1.5). Other suggested the hypothesis of modification
in threshold of cortical hyperexcitability from migraine
to epilepsy.(C.1.6.). Symptoms of the complication include some sort of
visual change or loss, zigzagging lines, bright flashes, etc.
Sources
(C.1.1) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22331030
(C.1.2) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11336606
(C.1.3.) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15606571
(C.1.4.) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16833029
(C.1.5.) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22218271
(C.1.6.) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22080383
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