Sunday, 3 November 2013

Chinese Herbs – Sha Ren (Fructus Amomi)

Sha Ren is also known as Amomum Fruit. The acrid, warm and nontoxic herb has been used in TCM as anti-ulcer, inhibits secretion of stomach acid,  anti-platelet coagulation agent and to promote stomach and intestine movement and to bloating, stomach ache, nausea, vomiting, lack of appetite, cold type of diarrhea, fetus over active, etc. as its transforms Dampness, moves Qi, warms the Middle, prevents miscarriage, etc. by enhancing the functions of spleen, stomach and kidney channels.

Ingredients
1. Borneol
2. Camphor
3. Bornyl acetate
4.  Linalool
5. Nerolidol
6.  Saponin
7. Etc.

Health Benefits
1. Antioxidative activities
In the stduy of 16 commonly used soup making tonic Chinese medicinal herbs selected for antioxidative capacities by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and the total phenolic contents of these herbal extracts measured by the Folin-Ciocalteu method, confirmed that drinking tonic soups could supplement total antioxidants intake. Amongst the tested herbal extracts, extracts of Canarium album Raeusch., Flos caryophylli and Fructus amomi were found to have the highest antioxidative activities in both DPPH and FRAP assays. Their antioxidative activities were comparable to ascorbic acid and butylated hydroxytoluene(1).
2. Glucose uptake
In the study to to examine whether it had an enhancing effect on glucose uptake, an essential process of insulin action, found that aqueous ethanolic extract significantly stimulated glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 adipocytes at the concentration of 0.5 mg/ml. The extract significantly potentiated insulin-stimulated glucose uptake with a dose-dependent manner at a concentration range from 0.02 to 0.5 mg/ml. The results suggest that the antidiabetic action of Amomi may be mediated through the stimulation of glucose uptake and the potentiation of insulin action(2).
3. Anti cancers
In then study of Terpene glycosides and cytotoxic constituents from the seeds of Amomum xanthioides, showed that Column chromatographic isolation of the MeOH extract of the seeds of Amomum xanthioides afforded a new diterpene glycoside, amoxanthoside A (1), two new monoterpene glycosides, (1 S,4 S,5 S)-5- EXO-hydroxycamphor 5-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (2) and (1 R,4 R,5 S)-5-ENDO-hydroxycamphor 5-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (3), together with four known compounds, hedychiol A (4), pygmol (5), (1 S,4 R,6 R)-(+)-6- ENDO-hydroxycamphor (6), and dihydroyashabushiketol (7). The structures of the new compounds were determined through spectral analysis, including extensive 2D NMR data. The isolated compounds were tested for their cytotoxicity against four human cancer cell lines IN VITRO using a sulforhodamine B bioassay(3)
4. Estrogenic and antiestrogenic activities
in the study of Screening of estrogenic and antiestrogenic activities from medicinal plants, indicated that Pueraria lobata (flower) had the highest estrogenic relative potency (RP, 7.75×10(-3); RP of 17β-estradiol=1), followed by Amomum xanthioides (1.25×10(-3)). Next potent were a group consisting of Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Zingiber officinale, Rheum undulatum, Curcuma aromatica, Eriobotrya japonica, Sophora flavescens, Anemarrhena asphodeloides, Polygonum multiflorum, and Pueraria lobata (root) (ranging from 9.5×10(-4) to 1.0×10(-4))(4).
5. Etc.

Side Effects
1. Do not use in case of Yin deficiency with heat
2. Do not use the herb in newborn, children or if you are pregnant or breast feeding without first consulting with the related field specialist.
3. Etc.

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Back to Popular Chinese Herbs  http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/chinese-herbs.html
 
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Sources
(1) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18815744 
(2) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15099855
(3) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19830656
(4)  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21783839

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