Sunday 15 March 2020

Devil's claw (Harpagophytum procumbens) Induce Liver Toxicity in Treatment of Cancer in Vitro

By Kyle J. Norton

The liver not only plays a critical role to filter the blood coming from the intestine before passing them to other parts of the body but also protects our body against toxin by detoxifying chemicals and metabolizes drugs.

Furthermore, the liver produces bile that not only aids the digestive function in food absorption but also builds strong cell membranes, produces vitamin D and steroid hormone.

Additionally, the liver also inhibits oxidative stress by producing the antioxidant enzyme that counters the expression of free radicals in the body.

Liver cancer is a medical condition characterized by cell growth irregularly in the liver tissue.

The liver organ is one of the organs with a lack of nerve tissue, therefore liver cancer does not induce pain until the later stage.

At the advanced stage of liver cancer, the cancer cell may travel a distance away to infect other tissues and organs, leading to secondary metastasis.

According to the statistics provided by the Canadian Cancer Society, every year, approximately, 1,900 men and 580 women are diagnosed with liver cancer, causing the death of 950 men and 270 women.

In 2017, 2,500 Canadians were diagnosed with liver cancer and 1,200 Canadians died from liver cancer.

Compared to the early stage of other cancer, the 5 years survival rate in the early stage diagnosis is only 31% and 43% of people with liver cancer diagnosed at stage 0 and 1.

Toxic liver disease or liver toxicity is a condition that damages the liver.

On finding a natural ingredient for the prevention and treatment of liver diseases, scientists examined the anti toxicity of harpagoside (HA), the main compound from Harpagophytum procumbens (Hp) in a hepatic cell line (HepG2/C3A).

Devil's claw also known as the wood spider, is a plant of genus Harpagophytum in the family of Pedaliaceae, native to South Africa. 

The plant has been used as an herb in traditional and herbal medicine to treat fever, rheumatoid arthritis, skin, gallbladder, pancreas, stomach and kidneys conditions, etc.

According to tested analysis,
* The administration of HA was found to decrease the number of cells in the S phase, increase the number of cells in the G2/M phase followed by inducing apoptosis.

* Neither Hp nor HA was genotoxic.

* Hp inhibited the expression of CDK6 and CTP3A4 in removing liver toxins or drugs.

* The cells upon exposure to Hp and HA exhibited decreased proliferation.

More precisely, HA and Hp induced cytotoxicity through mechanisms that involved in the inhibition of metabolism instead of involving transcriptional regulation of the cyclins and CDKs associated with cell cycle arrest.

Based on the results, researchers suggest, "treatment with either Hp or HA can be cytotoxic, and this should be taken into consideration when balancing the risks and benefits of treatments for rheumatic disease".

Taken altogether, Devil's claw injection with a large dose may induce toxicity, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Risk Assessment via Metabolism and Cell Growth Inhibition in a HepG2/C3A Cell Line Upon Treatment with Arpadol and its Active Component Harpagoside by Biazi BI1, D'Epiro GF1, Zanetti TA1, de Oliveira MT1, Ribeiro LR2, Mantovani MS. (PubMed)

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