Cruciferous Vegetables Processes Anti Glioblastoma Progression in Vivo

By Kyle J. Norton

Glioblastoma is one of the most aggressive cancers that begins within the brain.

According to statistics, most patients diagnosed with cancer die within 12 to 15 months. Less than 5% of patients are survived longer than five years.

If you are male you are at 1.5 higher risks of glioblastoma, compared to the female's counterpart.

The causes of glioblastoma are unknown, some researchers suggested that genetic preposition and environmental factors, previous radiotherapy, a weakened immune system may be some risk factors associated with the onset of the disease.

Most cases of GBM are diagnosed at an older age with a median age of 64.

Although the disease does not have some specific symptoms, it shares the common symptoms of other types of cancer such as gastrointestinal discomforts accompanied by personality changes, and symptoms similar to those of a stroke.

Most patients with GBM experience symptoms of brain swelling caused by the overexpression of the fluid surrounding the tumor.

Conventionally, due to the nature of rapid growth, surgery is necessary to relieve the brain pressure and remove the tumor as much as possible, followed by radiation and chemotherapy.

According to the statistics, in the US, the incidence affects mostly in the elderly with the diagnosed rate of 3.19 per 100,000 persons. The disease is rare in children.

GBM is deadly, patients with GBM have a median survival of less than one year and less than 2% of patients survive three years or more.

Cruciferous vegetables are a group of vegetables, belongings to the family Brassicaceae (also called Cruciferae) with many genera, species, and cultivated all over the world in suitable climate for commercial profits, including cauliflower, cabbage, kale, garden cress, bok choy, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, and green leafy vegetables.

On finding potential and natural foods that process neuroprotective property, researchers investigated the protective effect of sulforaphane (SFN), an isothiocyanate (ITC) derived from cruciferous vegetables against glioblastoma (GBM) progression.

According to the tested analysis, the application of SFN in GBM showed to induce apoptosis and to inhibit both growth and invasion of GBM cells [78].

Furthermore, SFN can overcome the chemoresistance of tumor cells.

The efficacy of SFN against the progression of glioblastoma (GBM) was attributed to the phytochemicals that can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to reach the tumor mass by inhibiting the functions of MMP-9 in GBM in mediating the BBB alternation.

Furthermore, SFN also demonstrated a strong activity in the induction of cancer cell apoptosis and anti-cancer cell proliferation and the protection of healthy neurons.

Moreover, SFN also induces apoptosis of GBM cells by increasing ROS levels in the cancer cells and inhibiting cancer cell migration and/or invasion.

Combination with chemo drug, SFN improved the function of the drug and reduce the chemoresistance of GBM without conferring significant toxicity to normal cells.

Based on the findings, researchers said, " ...the results of these studies support further investigations using SFN in animal models of GBM.

Taken altogether, dietary cruciferous vegetables may be considered functional remedies for the prevention and treatment of GBM, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Sulforaphane from Cruciferous Vegetables: Recent Advances to Improve Glioblastoma Treatment by Sita G1, Hrelia P2, Graziosi A3, Morroni F. (PubMed)