* Avocado, The Prominent Fruit That Arrests Prostate Cancer Cells Cycle Division

By Kyle J. Norton, Master of Nutrition

Scientists may have  found a popular fruit that has a profound and positive effect in prevention and treatment of prostate cancer, some studies suggested.

Prostate cancer is a medical and chronic disease characterized by cells growth disorderly and uncontrollably in the tissue of prostate gland. At the later stage, cancerous cells may travel a distance away from the prostate gland to infect other healthy tissue and organs.

According to statistic in US, 1 in 9 men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer during his lifetime. Approximately, 6 cases out of 10 diagnosed with the condition are men aged 65 or older.

In 2017, 21,300 men in Canada were diagnosed with prostate cancer which represents 21% of all new cancer cases in men. And 4,100 men died from the disease(4).

Although Inherited mutations such as BRCA1 and BRCA2 that cause abnormal cell growth in the prostate gland are considered a major cause of prostate cancer, Acquired gene mutations such as over production of androgens (male hormones) gene that promote prostate cell growth also contribute to prostate cancer risk in some men.

However, over years of studies also suggested that  increases of age, ethnic group, family history, obesity, environment chemical,.... and unhealthy diet are also have a strong implication in induction to the onset of prostate cancer. 

Due to the slow progression of the disease, most patients do not experience any symptoms until the advance stage. Most common symptoms including blood in urine (hematuria), burning or pain during urination, difficulty urinating, decreased flow or velocity of urine stream, ......more frequent urges to urinate at night. 

In some cases, patients may also be loss of bladder control. 

If you experience some of above symptoms, please check with your doctor immediately to rule out the possibility.

Avocados are a commercially valuable fruit cultivated in tropical climates throughout the world.

The fruit has a green-skinned, pear-shaped fruit that ripens after harvesting, native to the Caribbean, Mexico, South America and Central America, belonging to the flowering plant family Lauraceae.


Chemical constituents
The fruit contains campesterol, high amounts of β-sitosterol; fatty acids (approximately 60% monounsaturated, 20% saturated, and 20% unsaturated); high amounts of glutathione (27.7 mg/100 g); approximately 2% protein; 6–9% carbohydrates and sugars (glucose, fructose, d-mannoheptulose, a taloheptulose, and an alloheptulose); two bitter substances (1-acetoxy-2,4-dihydroxyheptadeca-16-ene and 1,2,4-trihydroxyheptadeca-16-ene); carnitine; proanthocyanidins; persenones A and B(a).

According to the Case-control study of 209 men 40-80 years old with newly diagnosed, histologically confirmed prostate cancer and 226 cancer-free men attending the same urology clinics conducted by the University of the West Indie, intake of dietary MUFA from whole fruit of avocado are associated to reduced risk and treatment of prostate cancer(1).

Dr. Jackson MD, the lead scientist said, "Whole-blood and dietary MUFA reduced the risk of prostate cancer. The association may be related to avocado intakes. High blood linolenic acid was directly related to prostate cancer" and " Dietary intakes of other fats were not associated with PCa"(1).

The University of California study showed that the anti prostate cancer effects of avocado are not attributed to a single ingredient such as carotenoids (zeaxanthin, alpha-carotene, and beta-carotene), lutein but the interaction of all ingredients in the whole fruit in combination with other det-derived phytochemicals(2).

The study suggested, intake of avocado stimulated the increase production of increase in p27 protein which involves function as tumor suppressor in controlling the cell cycle progression, in incubated PC-3 cells(2)

Avocado induced PC- 3 cancer cell death through cells apoptosis through G(2)/M cell cycle arrest the study continued(2).

In the evaluation of the anti cancers effect of avocado conducted by the Purdue University study also showed a positive effect of the whole fruit in inhibition of six human tumor cell lines in culture, including human prostate adenocarcinoma (PC-3) cells(3).

The newly isolated Compounds 3 form of avocado containing g 1,2,4-triol moiety and a long aliphatic chain that terminates as either an alkane, alkene, or alkyne, respectively, exerted a strongest activity against PC-3 in comparable to adriamycin, an anti-cancer conventional medicine(3).

Furthermore, when tested against yellow fever mosquito larva, the 3 form avocado also was more effective than rotenone, a natural botanical insecticide(3).

Therefore, men who are at high risk of prostate cancer may want to add a portion of avocado into their daily diet for preventive measure.

Taken altogether, avocado with abundant carotenoids (zeaxanthin, alpha-carotene, and beta-carotene), lutein may be considered as functional food for prevention and treatment of prostate cancer.

However, additional large sample size and multi center clinical trials with human consumption during the course of the disease are necessary to re confirm avocado anti prostate cancer possibility.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton, Master of Nutrition
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
References
(a) Leung's Encyclopedia of Natural Ingredients:Chemical Composition of Avocado
(1) Associations of whole-blood fatty acids and dietary intakes with prostate cancer in Jamaica by Jackson MD1, Walker SP, Simpson-Smith CM, Lindsay CM, Smith G, McFarlane-Anderson N, Bennett FI, Coard KC, Aiken WD, Tulloch T, Paul TJ, Wan RL.(PubMed)
(2) Inhibition of prostate cancer cell growth by an avocado extract: role of lipid-soluble bioactive substances. by Lu QY1, Arteaga JR, Zhang Q, Huerta S, Go VL, Heber D.(PubMed)
(3) Cytotoxic and insecticidal constituents of the unripe fruit of Perseaamericana by Oberlies NH1, Rogers LL, Martin JM, McLaughlin JL.(PubMed)
(4) Prostate cancer statistics, Canadian Cancer Society
12. Avocado and Skin health
13. Avocado and Cadiovascular diseases