Sunday 6 September 2020

Omega 3 Fatty Acids Prevent the Onset of Fatty Liver in Vivo

By Kyle J. Norton

A fatty liver is a liver condition associated with the accumulation of excess fat in the liver.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) is the early stage of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) caused by the accumulation of fat in the liver, other than excessive use of alcohol.

In other words, an increase in the biosynthesis of fatty acids is associated with the onset of Non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL).

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a type of inflammatory non-alcoholic fatty liver disease caused by excessive fat accumulated in the liver.

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is asymptomatic until the condition is developed into cirrhosis, which causes advanced liver scars and reduced the performance of the liver.

In other words, if more than 5% – 10% percent of your liver’s weight is fat, you have a fatty liver (steatosis).

According to the statistics, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common causes of liver disease affecting 100 million people in the US. Out of that number, approximately 20% of people have NASH.

The exact causes of NAFLD are not identified. Some researchers suggested that certain risk factors such as long-term use of certain medications, genetic preposition, insulin resistance, high cholesterol and triglycerides, polycystic ovary syndrome, metabolic syndrome, obesity, and type 2 diabetes are associated with the onset of the disease.

Some researchers suggested that an unhealthy diet such as the promotion of a high-fat diet in the Western world over the last few decades may also have a strong implication on NAFLD.

Medical conditions such as obesity, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes are some of the metabolic risk factors that have been found to induce the development of NASH.

Tocopherols are phytochemicals of which many have vitamin E activity, belonging to the group of Lipids, found abundantly in butter, egg yolk, milk fat, some vegetable, and seed or nut oils, etc.

On finding a potential phytochemical for the treatment of chronic diseases, researchers examined the effects of tocopherols on fatty liver.

The study included rats that were divided into; first group fed on balanced diet and designated as normal control (NC), second fed on dyslipidemic and steatohepatitis (DS) inducer diet which represented the DS control group and groups 3-6 fed on DS inducer diet with daily oral administration of B, B+T+TC, F, and F+T+TC; respectively for 5 weeks.

According to the analysis,
* Gamma-linolenic to be 21.01% in B. F contained eicosapentaenoic as 22.768% and docosahexaenoic acid as 13.574%.

* The dyslipidemic and steatohepatitis (DS) group showed significant dyslipidemia, elevated malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor-alpha and liver fat associated with liver stress, expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and liver fat accumulation, respectively with a significant reduction in total antioxidant capacity (TAC) compared to NC.

* All different treatments showed a significant improvement in all the parameters and histopathology in the DS group.

* Most importantly, F was superior to B in ameliorating liver histopathological changes while B was more efficient in elevating TAC. B was more promising in improving lipid profile and liver fat compared to B + T + TC, while the latter was superior in improving MDA and liver histopathology.

and
* Fish oil was more efficient than F+TC+T except for TAC and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol which were more improved on the addition of TC and T.

After talking about other factors into account, researchers said, "Borage and fish oil with or without antioxidants protect from.... fatty liver diseases with variable degrees".

Taken altogether, omega 3 fatty acids found abundantly in borage and fish oil may be considered adjunct therapies in the treatment of fatty liver, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.
Intake of tocopherols in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.


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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Role of Borage Seed Oil and Fish Oil with or without Turmeric and Alpha- Tocopherol in Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease and Fatty Liver in Rats by Al-Okbi SY1, El-Qousy SM2, El-Ghlban S3, Moawad HF. (PubMed)

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