Inflammation is a natural immune response involving the stimulated production of pro-inflammatory activity with a target to protect our body against foreign invasions such as virus and bacteria after injury and damage.
In the acute phase of infection, the immune white blood cells in the first line of defense stimulating the blood vessel constriction and palette accumulated to the injury area to cover the wound and the proteins associated with the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines to kill off the invasive microorganisms.
In other words, pro-inflammatory cytokines are activated through systematic immune response to the damage cells which release chemicals including histamine, bradykinin, and prostaglandins to protect the injure area or location against infection, leading to blood vessels to leak fluid into the tissues, causing swelling and other symptoms such as pain, swelling, and redness.
However, in most cases, over-response of the immune system can lead to over expressions of certain pro-inflammatory cytokines, depending on the injured location such as Interleukin (IL)-1 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) which can lead shock and death of healthy cells in the infectious location.
In most cases, long-term overexpression of pro-inflammatory cytokines can lead to chronic inflammatory disease as the immune system no longer can kill the invasive agents and heal the damage caused by acute infection.
Antioxidants are stable atom that plays a critical role in protecting the body against the attack of free radicals.
Antioxidants can either produced by the liver or intake from dietary sources. Under normal conditions, antioxidant enzymes produced by the body in a healthy individual are good enough to counter the bombardment of free radical attacks.
However, in people with a weakened immune system, intake dietary sources of antioxidants may be necessary.
There are 3 main types of antioxidants found in nature, including
* Antioxidant enzymes produced by the host, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and catalases.
* Antioxidants vitamins, that may be injected from the dietary sources such as fruits and vegetables, including vitamins A, C, D, and E. Most antioxidant vitamins are considered free radical scavengers that gobble up free radicals before they can induce a cascade of damage.
* Antioxidant Phytochemicals found in the plant including second metabolites.
In other words, pro-inflammatory cytokines are activated through systematic immune response to the damage cells which release chemicals including histamine, bradykinin, and prostaglandins to protect the injure area or location against infection, leading to blood vessels to leak fluid into the tissues, causing swelling and other symptoms such as pain, swelling, and redness.
However, in most cases, over-response of the immune system can lead to over expressions of certain pro-inflammatory cytokines, depending on the injured location such as Interleukin (IL)-1 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) which can lead shock and death of healthy cells in the infectious location.
In most cases, long-term overexpression of pro-inflammatory cytokines can lead to chronic inflammatory disease as the immune system no longer can kill the invasive agents and heal the damage caused by acute infection.
Antioxidants are stable atom that plays a critical role in protecting the body against the attack of free radicals.
Antioxidants can either produced by the liver or intake from dietary sources. Under normal conditions, antioxidant enzymes produced by the body in a healthy individual are good enough to counter the bombardment of free radical attacks.
However, in people with a weakened immune system, intake dietary sources of antioxidants may be necessary.
There are 3 main types of antioxidants found in nature, including
* Antioxidant enzymes produced by the host, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and catalases.
* Antioxidants vitamins, that may be injected from the dietary sources such as fruits and vegetables, including vitamins A, C, D, and E. Most antioxidant vitamins are considered free radical scavengers that gobble up free radicals before they can induce a cascade of damage.
* Antioxidant Phytochemicals found in the plant including second metabolites.
Oleanolic acid is a phytochemical in the subclass of Triterpenoid, belonging to the group of Terpenes found abundantly in honey mesquite, garlic, java apple, clove, etc.
On finding a potential plant that processes neuroprotective activity researchers examined the effect of oleanolic acid, a natural triterpene present in food and medicinal plants on chronic microglial overactivation related neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease.
On finding a potential plant that processes neuroprotective activity researchers examined the effect of oleanolic acid, a natural triterpene present in food and medicinal plants on chronic microglial overactivation related neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease.
According to the results of the analysis,
* Oleanolic acid (OA), attenuated the activation of BV2 microglial cells involved in neurodegeneration, toxicology, and immune inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
* Oleanolic acid (OA), attenuated the activation of BV2 microglial cells involved in neurodegeneration, toxicology, and immune inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
Taken altogether, Oleanolic acid may be considered a remedy for inhibiting cytokine release and upregulated the antioxidant defense systems in AD, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Oleanolic Acid Exerts a Neuroprotective Effect Against Microglial Cell Activation by Modulating Cytokine Release and Antioxidant Defense Systems by Castellano JM1, Garcia-Rodriguez S2, Espinosa JM3, Millan-Linares MC4, Rada M5, Perona JS. (PubMed)
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