Oxidative stress is a medical condition characterized by the imbalance of the ratio of free radicals and antioxidant enzymes produced by the host tissue.
In other words, xidative stress is a result of the overexpression of free radicals and reduced levels of antioxidants produced by the host.
In some cases, this reaction also is caused long-term accumulation of toxic substances in the body, such as lead, cadmium, mercury, and arsenic.
Other factors that increase the production of free radicals are cigarette smoke, oxidative burst from activated macrophages, particularly, the free radicals chain reaction.
These results were associated with reduced liver stress markers malondialdehyde (MDA) and increased phase 2 enzymes via nuclear erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), the antioxidant enzymes enhancer.
Furthermore, the low-, medium-, and high-dose BSE also promoted the levels of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-stress-specific proteins in response to stress.
Antioxidants are stable atom that plays a critical role in protecting the body against the attack of free radicals.
Antioxidants inhibited the onset of free radical before they can cause a chain reaction in facilitating the protein, lipid and cell damage.
Antioxidants can either produced by the liver or intake from dietary sources. Under normal conditions, antioxidant enzymes produced by the body in a healthy individual are good enough to counter the bombardment of free radical attacks.
Antioxidants inhibited the onset of free radical before they can cause a chain reaction in facilitating the protein, lipid and cell damage.
Antioxidants can either produced by the liver or intake from dietary sources. Under normal conditions, antioxidant enzymes produced by the body in a healthy individual are good enough to counter the bombardment of free radical attacks.
Free radicals are unstable molecules that contain at least an unpaired electron with function as oxidants or reductants by donating an electron to or accept an electron from other molecules to exhibit chain and domino's effects.
The most common oxygen-containing free radicals found epidemiologically in induced chronic diseases, including hydroxyl radical, superoxide anion radical, hydrogen peroxide, oxygen singlet, hypochlorite, nitric oxide radical, and peroxynitrite radicals.
According to the results of the study, the administration of low-, medium-, and high-dose BSE markedly reversed the decrease of antioxidant capacity by increasing the liver antioxidant enzymes.
More precisely, low-, medium-, and high-dose BSE increased the levels of glutathione (GSH) (2.07 ± 0.31 mg/g of protein, p < 0.05; 2.31 ± 0.32 mg/g of protein, p < 0.01; and 2.46 ± 0.21 mg/g of protein, p < 0.01), superoxide dismutase (SOD) (483.20 ± 62.76 units/mg of protein; 500.81 ± 49.82 units/mg of protein, p < 0.05; and 605.00 ± < 64.32 units/mg of protein, p < 0.01), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) (318 ± 60.74 units/mg of protein; 400.67 ± 72.47 units/mg of protein, p < 0.01; and 394.72 ± 62.97 units/mg of protein, p < 0.01), and glutathione S-transferase (GST) (31.84 ± 6.34 units/mg of protein, p < 0.05; 30.34 ± 6.40 units/mg of protein, p < 0.05; and 38.08 ± 7.05 units/mg of protein, p < 0.01) in the liver.
The most common oxygen-containing free radicals found epidemiologically in induced chronic diseases, including hydroxyl radical, superoxide anion radical, hydrogen peroxide, oxygen singlet, hypochlorite, nitric oxide radical, and peroxynitrite radicals.
Broccoli is a mustard/cabbage plant, belong to the family Brassicaceae. The veggie has large flower heads, usually green in color and the mass of flower heads surrounded by leaves and evolved from a wild cabbage plant on the continent of Europe.
On finding a potential plant that processes antioxidative stress property, researchers examined the effects sulforaphane (SF), antioxidant activity against alcohol-induced hepatic injury.
Male C57BL/6 mice selected to the study were orally administrated with broccoli sprout extract (BSE) containing sulforaphane [7.6, 25.2, and 50.4 mg/kg of body weight (bw)] once a day for 14 days. However, on the 13th day, mice were challenged with alcohol (5 g/kg of bw) every 12 h for 3 times, which increased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels (4.44 ± 1.24 nmol/mg of protein, p < 0.01) in the liver.
On finding a potential plant that processes antioxidative stress property, researchers examined the effects sulforaphane (SF), antioxidant activity against alcohol-induced hepatic injury.
Male C57BL/6 mice selected to the study were orally administrated with broccoli sprout extract (BSE) containing sulforaphane [7.6, 25.2, and 50.4 mg/kg of body weight (bw)] once a day for 14 days. However, on the 13th day, mice were challenged with alcohol (5 g/kg of bw) every 12 h for 3 times, which increased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels (4.44 ± 1.24 nmol/mg of protein, p < 0.01) in the liver.
More precisely, low-, medium-, and high-dose BSE increased the levels of glutathione (GSH) (2.07 ± 0.31 mg/g of protein, p < 0.05; 2.31 ± 0.32 mg/g of protein, p < 0.01; and 2.46 ± 0.21 mg/g of protein, p < 0.01), superoxide dismutase (SOD) (483.20 ± 62.76 units/mg of protein; 500.81 ± 49.82 units/mg of protein, p < 0.05; and 605.00 ± < 64.32 units/mg of protein, p < 0.01), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) (318 ± 60.74 units/mg of protein; 400.67 ± 72.47 units/mg of protein, p < 0.01; and 394.72 ± 62.97 units/mg of protein, p < 0.01), and glutathione S-transferase (GST) (31.84 ± 6.34 units/mg of protein, p < 0.05; 30.34 ± 6.40 units/mg of protein, p < 0.05; and 38.08 ± 7.05 units/mg of protein, p < 0.01) in the liver.
Based on the evidence, researchers said, "These results indicate that BSE protects the liver against alcohol challenge via upregulating antioxidant capacity and downregulating ER stress".
Taken altogether, the consequences of these results suggest that the broccoli process a higher amount of SFN may be considered a remedy for the prevention and treatment of diseases associated oxidative stress, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.
Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight
How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Broccoli Sprout Extract Alleviates Alcohol-Induced Oxidative Stress and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in C57BL/6 Mice by Lei P1, Zhao W1, Pang B1, Yang X1, Li BL2,3, Ren M4, Shan YJ. (PubMed)
Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight
How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Broccoli Sprout Extract Alleviates Alcohol-Induced Oxidative Stress and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in C57BL/6 Mice by Lei P1, Zhao W1, Pang B1, Yang X1, Li BL2,3, Ren M4, Shan YJ. (PubMed)
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