Saturday 2 November 2019

Betaxanthins Inhibits Lipid Peroxidation Against Atherosclerosis Developing

By Kyle J. Norton

Atherosclerosis is a medical condition caused by plaque accumulated on the wall of arteries, leading to the narrowing of the artery and reducing oxygen risk blood flow to the heart and brain.

Plaques are made up of cholesterol, calcium and other chemical substances in the artery

Depending on the location of the blockage, if the reduced blood flow occurred in the brain, it will lead to stroke, causing the death of the neurons.

However, if the reduced blood flow occurred in the heart, it will cause damage to the heart tissues, leading to heart disease.

Most common disease associated with atherosclerosis is coronary artery disease. Most people with atherosclerosis are asymptomatic at the early stage.

Some researchers suggested that atherosclerosis is a lipoprotein-driven disease. Therefore, people with high blood cholesterol are at an increased risk of atherosclerosis. Overuse of calcium supplements is also found to elevated the condition risk, particularly in the elderly.

Other risk factors that have bee found epidemiologically by studies are high blood pressure, triglycerides, smoking, insulin resistance, obesity or diabetes and inflammatory diseases, such as arthritis, lupus or infections.

Most cases of atherosclerosis can be reversed by making a change of lifestyle and moderate exercise.

Dr. Singh RB, the lead scientist wrote, "Adherence to diet and exercise was obtained through questionnaires and information obtained was quantified into a formula"

And, " After 24 weeks, the overall score of diet and exercises were significantly higher in group A(intervention diet( than in group B(control). There was a significant decrease in serum total cholesterol (13.3%), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (16.9%), triglycerides (19.2%), fasting blood glucose (19.5%) and blood pressures (11.5/6.2 mm Hg) in the intervention group compared with initial levels and changes in group B".

Betaxanthins are Phytochemicals in the class of red and yellow indole-derived pigments, belonging to the group of Betalains, found abundantly in beets, Sicilian prickly pear, etc.

On finding a potent ingredient for the treatment of heart disease, researchers examined the effects of indicaxanthin, a chemical constituent of betaxanthins anti-inflammatory activity, against oxLDL-induced endothelial dysfunction.

In human umbilical vein cord cells (HUVEC) induced oxLDL, indicaxanthin pretreatment at a range between 5 and 20 μM, consistent with its plasma level after a fruit meal (7 μM), significantly and concentration-dependently inhibited oxLDL-induced cytotoxicity.

Furthermore, intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM) -1, endothelial-leukocyte adhesion molecule 1 (ELAM-1), and (member 1 of human transporter sub-family ABCA associated with early stage of atherosclerosis were improved by the indicaxanthin pretreatment.

Moreover, indicaxanthin also exerted a significantly redox-dependent by inhibiting the protein involved in pro-inflammatory proteins.

Collectively, researchers said, " In conclusion, here we demonstrate indicaxanthin as a novel, dietary phytochemicals, able to exert significant protective vascular effects in vitro, at nutritionally relevant concentrations".

Taken altogether, betaxanthins processed a high amount of indicaxanthin may be considered a functional remedy for the prevention of atherosclerosis, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.



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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)

Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Indicaxanthin from Opuntia ficus indica (L. Mill) Inhibits Oxidized LDL-Mediated Human Endothelial Cell Dysfunction through Inhibition of NF-κB Activation by Attanzio A1, Frazzitta A1, Busa' R1, Tesoriere L1, Livrea MA1, Allegra M. (PubMed)
(2) Effects of diet and lifestyle changes on atherosclerotic risk factors after 24 weeks on the Indian Diet Heart Study by Singh RB1, Singh NK, Rastogi SS, Mani UV, Niaz MA. (PubMed)

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