Fennel may have potential and positive effects in reduced risk, progression, and treatment of prostate cancer, some scientists suggested.
Prostate cancer is a chronic condition characterized by abnormal growth of prostate tissue. At he later stage, the cancerous cells may travel a distance away to infect other healthy cells and tissues.
Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) is a plant species of the genus, belongings to Apiaceae (Umbelliferae), native to the Mediterranean, used in traditional and herbal medicine as a warming, carminative, antispasmodic, antidepressant agent and to stimulate the appetite, ease indigestion, soothe coughing, reduce intestinal spasms, to regulate the menstrual cycle and relieve PMS,...
In the study to investigate the effect of 5 herbal medicine in different quantities in some different formulas represented by FB, FM, PP, HF, and FBL101 on the risk of prostate cancer, including licorice, black cohosh, Dong Quai, false unicorn, and vitex berry root extracts, fennel seed extract, researchers at the National Institute of Health found that FB, FM, PP, HF, and FBL101 inhibited PC3 tumor growth by 53%, 75%, 80%, 81%, and 87%, respectively.
In an androgen-independent human prostate cancer cell line CWR22R, all 5 formulas also inhibited the cancer cell proliferation without alternating levels of testosterone.
However, the administration of formula PP and FBL101 showed a significantly reduced VEGF level with function in the stimulated formation of new blood vessels in initiated proliferation in PC3 and CWR22R tumors.
Furthermore, intratumoral microvessel density measurement in the expression of tumor growth with aggressive tumor behavior was decreased in PC3 tumors treated with all five supplements but only in CWR22R tumors treated with HF.
Dr. Ng SS, after taking into account other cofounders said, "Herbal supplements containing the aforementioned extracts inhibit the growth of prostate tumor xenografts, possibly in part by antiangiogenic mechanisms".
These results demonstrated that fennel extract and other herbal components may be considered as preventive and therapeutic agents for the treatment of prostate cancer without indicating the efficacy of the individual herb.
The above differentiation was supported by the study of Alexandria University in the evaluation of anethole, a major constituent of Foeniculum vulgare (fennel) essential oil, a widely used folk medicine for the treatment of prostate cancer.
According to the experiment, the application of the bioactive compound anethole exerted a strong activity against proliferation, clonal growth, and migration of PC-3 cells, through the generation of ROS in the induction of cytotoxicity through damage to the DNA of the cancer cells.
Additional analysis of the efficacy, the application also stimulated the penetration of essential oil anethole in permeabilization of the mitochondrial and lysosomal membranes of PC3 cancer cells in the induction of cancer cells death, executed by caspase-3 and -9 pathways and PARP cleavage in the induction of apoptosis.
Interestingly, injection of anethole isolated from fennel essential oil also induced elevation of the Bax/Bcl-2 protein ratio, in initiated the onset of prostate cancer cell death through cell cycle arrest.
Further observation of anethole action, researchers found that anethole inhibited prostate cancer cells through cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase ameliorated by levels of cyclins D1, CDK-4, and c-Myc proteins in promoted cancer cell cycle progression and enhanced production of levels p21 and p27 in exhibited tumor suppressible activity.
Finally, anethole also suppressed NF-κB protein in the activated production of TNF-α in the induction of anti-apoptosis in prostate cancer cells.
Taken together, the findings strongly suggested that long-term intake of fennel and its bioactive anethole may have substantial implications in the prevention and treatment of prostate cancer. But intake of fennel supplement should be taken with care to prevent acute liver toxicity.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrients, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bio Science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Anethole Inhibits The Proliferation Of Human Prostate Cancer Cells Via Induction Of Cell Cycle Arrest And Apoptosis by Elkady A(PubMed).
(2) Antitumor activity of herbal supplements in human prostate cancer xenografts implanted in immunodeficient mice by Ng SS1, Figg WD. (PubMed)
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