Sulforaphane, the main chemical constituent of broccoli Sprouts may activate anti-inflammatory activity in the open upper airway for reduced risk of asthma and asthma complications.
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the airway of the lung with recurring symptoms, such as wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, and coughing. The disease affects people of all ages and mostly starts during childhood.
Cruciferous vegetables are a group of vegetables belonging to the family Brassicaceae, including cauliflower, cabbage, cress, bok choy, broccoli, etc.
According to the study from the UCLA team, in a total of 65 participating volunteers, 3 days of oral administration of broccoli or preparations sprout of 100 grams significantly increased antioxidant enzymes in comparison with the placebo group.
At maximum doses of 200 grams, broccoli sprout induced a significant increase of detoxified(GSTP1) and antibody NQO1, enzymes.
In support of the above, the phase II antioxidant enzymes in the human upper airway insisted, broccoli sprouts demonstrated the potential antioxidant effect to reduce the inflammation of oxidative stress in the induction of airway disease, such as asthma.
A randomized controlled trial in healthy young adults, also suggested that chemical compound isothiocyanates found in cruciferous vegetable, including broccoli sprout, exhibited anti-inflammatory effects through altered serum concentrations of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, C-reactive protein (CRP), in increasing the presence of inflammation in the body tumor, and necrosis factor (TNF) α,, involved in systemic inflammation.
Intake of cruciferous vegetables(broccoli sprouts) has shown to reduce the circulation of proinflammatory cytokines, namely IL-6 through inhibited the expression of abnormal function of gene Glutathione S-Transferase Theta 1(GSTT1) metabolism in lower levels of glutathione, the antioxidant with anti-inflammatory properties.
Dr. Navarro SL, the lead researcher said, " IL-6 concentrations were significantly lower on day 14 of (the double-dose cruciferous) (2xC) and (cruciferous plus apiaceous (carrot family) 1xC+A diets than with the basal diet,...respectively" and " Twenty-four-hour urinary isothiocyanate excretion was not associated with any of the inflammation markers overall; however, IL-6 was inversely associated with total isothiocyanate excretion in GSTM1(The antioxidant enzyme)".
Taking all together, the intake of broccoli sprouts regularly is associated to lower the effect of proinflammatory cytokines and increase detoxification and enzymes in ameliorated airway inflammation in patients with asthma.
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(1) Broccoli may help protect against respiratory conditions like asthma by Rachel Champeau | March 02, 2009
(2) Cruciferous vegetables have variable effects on biomarkers of systemic inflammation in a randomized controlled trial in healthy young adults by Navarro SL1, Schwarz Y2, Song X2, Wang CY2, Chen C2, Trudo SP3, Kristal AR2, Kratz M2, Eaton DL4, Lampe JW2.(PubMed)
(3) Oral sulforaphane increases Phase II antioxidant enzymes in the human upper airway by Riedl MA1, Saxon A, Diaz-Sanchez D.(PubMed)
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