Turmeric, a Natural Prevention and Treatment of Inflammation

By Kyle J. Norton

Inflammation is a systematic immune response associated with the production of proinflammatory cytokine activated by the white blood cells in the first line of defense.

In the early phase of bodily injury and damage, the reaction of the immune system also encompasses a wide range of pathophysiological responses to minimize tissue damage while enhancing the repair process.

Inflammation also can be caused by viruses and bacteria, some of the most common stimuli of inflammation. However, overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines initiated by the immune system for a prolonged period of time may lead to cells damage and sometimes death of the healthy cells in the infectious site and nearby cells.

Badly enough, some proteins process the duo functions of pro and anti-inflammation. Under abnormal conditions, they can switch from their original action of anti-inflammatory cytokines to pro-inflammatory cytokines.

The complications involved in overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines induced improper healing for the forming of scars and damage to the tissue of the organ can also affect and limit the organs functioning, such as liver scars caused by hepatitis virus infection.

Malfunctioning immunological responses attack the body tissue can incite inappropriate and chronic inflammation

Believe or not, tissues die from a lack of oxygen or nutrients associated with oxidative stress overload can also cause inflammation.

Chronic inflammation in another hand, caused by the immune response that can not kill off all infectious agents in the acute phase of infection.

Some researchers argued that the evolution of the immune system is to kill off all infectious stimuli or pathogen within 3 - 8 weeks, otherwise, the immune system will adapt to their existence, in another word, chronic inflammation.

Turmeric is a perennial plant in the genus Curcuma, belongings to the family Zingiberaceae, native to tropical South Asia.

The herb has been used in traditional medicine as anti-oxidant, hypoglycemic, colorant, antiseptic, wound healing agent, and for the treatment of flatulence, bloating, and appetite loss, ulcers, eczema, inflammations, etc.

On findings a potential compound for the treatment of diseases associated with inflammation, researchers examined the efficacy of a hot water extract of C. longa (WEC) or bisacurone, a component of turmeric extract antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity.

On C57BL/6 mice-induced liver injury by acute ethanol, administration of WEC (20 mg/kg body weight; BW) or bisacurone (60 µg/kg BW) at 30 min before a single dose of ethanol(3·0 g/kg BW),  researchers found that plasma levels of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase elevated in ethanol-treated mice was significantly suppressed by WEC and bisacurone.

Furthermore, mice treated by WEC also protected the hepatic tissue by increasing the levels of antioxidants superoxide dismutase and glutathione.

Moreover, hepatic tissue levels of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances. and associated with reduced levels of oxidation, proteins TNF-α protein and IL-6 mRNA involved in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines was also inhibited by WEC and bisacurone, compared to control mice.

In other words, WEC and bisacurone protect the liver cell by inhibiting the parameters against the induction of oxidative stress.

Conclusively, researchers said, " oral administration of WEC may have a protective effect against ethanol-induced liver injury by suppressing hepatic oxidation and inflammation, at least partly through the effects of bisacurone".

Taken altogether, turmeric processed abundantly bioactive compound bisacurone may be considered supplements for the prevention and treatment of diseases associated with inflammation, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of turmeric in the form of supplement should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Hot water extract of turmeric (Curcuma longa) prevents non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in mice by inhibiting hepatic oxidative stress and inflammation by Uchio R1, Murosaki S2, Ichikawa H. (PubMed)
(2) A hot water extract of turmeric (Curcuma longa) suppresses acute ethanol-induced liver injury in mice by inhibiting hepatic oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokine production by Uchio R1, Higashi Y1, Kohama Y2, Kawasaki K1, Hirao T2, Muroyama K1, Murosaki S. (PubMed)