Healthy Food Onion Processes Neuro-Protective Activity

By Kyle J. Norton

Neuroprotection is a process to preserve the neuronal structure and/or function against the death or gradual death of neurons, including the use of medicines and herbs.

In other words, neuroprotection protects the neuronal integrity against the reduction in the rate of neuronal loss over time inducing neurological disease, including neurodegenerative disease.

Neurodegenerative disease is the class of condition associated with the progressive loss of neuron occurred mostly in older adults, including dementia. The most common dementia in the US is Alzheimer`s disease (AD).

Alzheimer's disease is an irreversible, progressive brain disorder caused by the slowly lost of neuron in the brain that affects the memory and thinking skills and, eventually, the ability to carry out the simplest tasks as the disease progress into advanced stage.

According to the statistic, dementia affects over 47.5 million people worldwide, approximately 58 percent are living within low and middle-income countries.

Believe it or not, 5.8 million Americans of all ages are living with Alzheimer's dementia in 2019 and two-thirds of people with Alzheimer's disease are women.

Conventionally, as of today, there is no cure for dementia. Treatment of dementia is focusing to improve dementia symptoms and slow down the progression of the disease.

Some researchers suggested that the increased incidence of the onset of Alzheimer's disease over the past few decades may be correlated to the promotion of a high-fat diet in the US.

Dr. Rollins CPE, the lead scientist wrote, "HFD-induced obesity during adolescence exacerbated brain volume alterations by adult life in the 3xTg mouse model in comparison to control-fed mice and mediated volumetric alterations of select brain regions, such as the hippocampus".

And, "Further, HFD-induced obesity aggravated memory in all mice, lowering certain memory measures of B6129s control mice to the level of 3xTg mice maintained on a CD. Moreover, a decline in the volumetric trajectories of hippocampal regions for all mice was associated with the degree of spatial memory impairments on the MWM.".

The onion is a plant in the genus Allium, belonging to the family Alliaceae, a close relation of garlic. It is often called the "king of vegetables" because of its pungent taste and found in a large number of recipes and preparations spanning almost the totality of the world's cultures. 

Depending on the variety, an onion can be sharp, spicy, tangy, pungent, mild or sweet.

On finding a potential compound for the treatment of cognitive impairment, researchers examined the neuroprotective potential of Allium cepa (A. cepa, Onion) in aluminum chloride induced animal model neurotoxicity.

The study included mice induced neurotoxicity by aluminum chloride (50 mg/kg/day) orally were treated by supplemented with different doses of A. cepa hydroethanolic extract for a period of 60 days.

Before treatment of onion, aluminum chloride treated mice resulted in significant motor incoordination and memory deficits, observed by the increased oxidative stress and elevated levels of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and aluminum levels in the brain.

Onion supplement injection in aluminum exposed animals not only significantly improved muscle coordination and memory deficits but also decreased the levels of oxidative stress, AChE and decreased abnormal aluminum deposition induced by the aluminum chloride.

Decreased vacuolated cytoplasm associated with the death of neurons and pyramidal cells in the hippocampal area of the mice brain caused by toxicity was also reversed by the injection of A. cepa supplementation.

The results strongly suggested that onion processes anti-neuro-toxicity induced cognitive impairment in an animal model.

Dr. Singh T, the lead scientist, after taking other factors into account wrote, "significant neuroprotective potential of A. cepa in aluminum-induced neurotoxicity".

Taken altogether, onion may be considered a neuroprotective remedy, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Neuroprotective effect of Allium cepa L. in aluminium chloride induced neurotoxicity by Singh T1, Goel RK. (PubMed)
(2) Protective effects of onion-derived quercetin on glutamate-mediated hippocampal neuronal cell death by Yang EJ1, Kim GS, Kim JA, Song KS. (PubMed)
(3) Contributions of a high-fat diet to Alzheimer's disease-related decline: A longitudinal behavioural and structural neuroimaging study in mouse models by Rollins CPE1, Gallino D2, Kong V3, Ayranci G2, Devenyi GA4, Germann J2, Chakravarty MM. (PubMed)