Cucumber Cucurbitacin B, the Chemotherapy Enhancer for the Treatment of Lymphoma

By Kyle J. Norton

Lymphoma is a medical and chronic condition associated with abnormal growth of lymphocytes, a type of white blood cells of the immune system that fight infection.

Lymphocytes included natural killer cells T cells and B cells are found in the lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, bone marrow, and other parts of the body.

The condition can be classified into 2 types

* Non-Hodgkin is the common form of lymphoma found in most patients.

 * Hodgkin

According to the statistics, in the US, this year, approximately, 8,000 people will be diagnosed with Hodgkin lymphoma, leading to the death of 1,000 patients with the disease.

Believe it or not, Hodgkin's lymphoma is treatable, especially in its early stages. The 5-year survival rate for all patients diagnosed with Hodgkin's lymphoma is 92%.

Most cases of non-Hodgkin lymphoma are found in adult 65 years of age and over compared to the age of  15 and 40 or older than 55 in Hodgkin lymphoma.

People with a weakened immune system, autoimmunity, viral infectious disease, family history, exposed to benzene and radiotherapy and past history of Hodgkin or non-Hodgkin lymphoma are some of the factors that may increase the risk of the disease.

Some researchers suggested that genetic proposition may have a strong implication with the onset of lymphoma.

Dr. Robert E. Ferrell, the lead scientist wrote, "Hereditary or primary lymphedema is a developmental disorder of the lymphatic system which leads to a disabling and disfiguring swelling of the extremities"

And, " Hereditary lymphedema generally shows an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance with reduced penetrance, variable expression and variable age at onset".

The cucumber plant is a species of Cucumis Sativus, belongs to the family Cucurbitaceae and native to Western Asia. It is a creeping vine with roots in the ground and grows up with the support of frames.

On finding a natural and potential compound for the treatment of lymphoma, researchers examined the effect of Cucurbitacin B (CuB) as ATO and STAT3 inhibitor against lymphoma.

Where Arsenic trioxide (ATO) is a chemotherapy drug used for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia.

And STAT3 is a protein which regulates genes involved in cell growth and division.

Injection of CuB showed to eliminate the apoptosis resistance of Burkitt's lymphoma Ramos cells to ATO synergistically. 

In other words, CuB enhanced the drug effects in the inhibition lymphoma, particularly in resistance of Burkitt's lymphoma Ramos cells. 

The results were attributed to the bioactive compound in blocking the activation of protein STAT3 associated with cancer cell proliferation and modulating the expression of proteins involved pro and anti-apoptosis.

Interestingly, the combination of CuB and ATO kills cancer cells without causing harm to normal cell lines. 

In nude murine lymphoma model, The synergistic effect of the combination of CuB and ATO was once again confirmed which exhibited significant apoptosis induction and tumor growth inhibition.

Dr. Ding X, the lead scientist said, "CuB synergistically enhances the apoptosis-inducing effect of ATO by inhibiting STAT3 phosphorylation in Ramos cells".

Taken altogether, cucumber combined with primary medicine may be used for the treatment of lymphoma, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of CuB in the form of supplement should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Cucurbitacin B synergistically enhances the apoptosis-inducing effect of arsenic trioxide by inhibiting STAT3 phosphorylation in lymphoma Ramos cells.
Ding X1,2, Chi J1,2, Yang X1,2, Hao J1,2, Liu C1,2, Zhu C1,2, Wang X1,2, Liu X1,2, Niu Y1,2, Ji W3, Chen D4, Wu X. (PubMed)
(2) Hereditary Lymphedema: Evidence for Linkage and Genetic Heterogeneity by Robert E. Ferrell Kara L. Levinson Judith H. Esman Mark A. KimakElizabeth C. Lawrence M. Michael Barmada David N. Finegold. (Oxford Academic)