Kyle J. Norton
Genotoxicity is a process of destruction o a cell's genetic material (DNA, RNA), leading to gene mutation.
In other words, genotoxins are mutagens, the substances which have been found to induce cancer. The most common genotoxins are radiation and toxic chemicals.
Believe it or not, besides causing cancer, genotoxins are found to induce various types of genetic diseases, by the damage of the germ cell.
Some researchers suggested that the damage of DNA may be controlled if the genotoxins are identified through the use of anti antimutagens /anti-clastogens that suppress or inhibit the mutagenesis process.
The most common causes of genetic damage or alternation are reactive oxygen species (ROS), the unstable and genotoxic molecules that exist everywhere in the environment and inside the human body.
The antigenotoxic activity is a process to inhibit the property of chemical agents that induce damages to the genetic information, leading to mutation,anti-antimutagens
Cancer is a class of diseases associated with alternation of cell DNA or genetic change of cell.
Not all Genotoxicity is mutagenicity, but all mutagens are genotoxic.
Dr. Shareen H, the lead scientist in the study of "Chapter 18 - Genotoxicity and Cancer" wrote, "Genetic toxicology is the study of chemical and physical perturbations to DNA following exposure to endogenous or exogenous agents. Hazard assessment of engineered nanomaterials involves establishing the ability of these novel materials to induce DNA damage (genotoxicity) and to subsequently initiate tumor formation (carcinogenesis)".
Cruciferous vegetables are a group of vegetables, belongings to the family Brassicaceae (also called Cruciferae) with many genera, species, and cultivated all over the world in suitable climates for commercial profits, including cauliflower, cabbage, kale, garden cress, bok choy, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, and green leafy vegetables.
Iand n finding a potential compound for the protection of cell DNA against damage, researchers examined the effects of cruciferous vegetables (CF) in protecting humans against cancer caused by chemically induced tumor formation.
According to the dietary information,* CF and their constituents showed the effect on enzymes involved in the metabolism of DNA-reactive carcinogens.
* In vitro models, sulforaphane, a bioactive compound found in CF exerted antigenotoxic effects on metabolically competent cell lines.
* Furthermore, Brassica juices induced the production of glutathione-S-transferases (GST) and cytochrome P-450 1A2 in human hepatoma cells (HepG2) against the genotoxic effects of B(a)P and other carcinogens.
* Moreover, brussels sprouts- and garden cress juices attenuated IQ-induced DNA damage and preneoplastic lesions in the colon and liver of rats.
* Most importantly, CF affects drug metabolism in humans and consumption of red cabbage led to changes in the pattern of meat-derived urinary mutagenicity.
Taken together, cruciferous vegetables may be considered functional foods for the protection of the cells against genotoxicity, pending the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All rights reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10,000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, Best Before it's news, the karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for Shorty Award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Effects of cruciferous vegetables and their constituents on drug-metabolizing enzymes involved in the bioactivation of DNA-reactive dietary carcinogens by Steinkellner H1, Rabot S, Freywald C, Nobis E, Scharf G, Chabicovsky M, Knasmüller S, Kassie F. (PubMed)
b(2) Chapter 18 - Genotoxicity and Cancer by Shareen H.Doak, Ying Liu, and ChunyingChen. (Science Direct)
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