Kyle J. Norton
The fungus is a class of primitive organisms, including mushrooms, mold, and mildew found in the air, in the soil, on plants, and in water.
Fungi reproduce through tiny spores in the air if you inhale the spores, it may spread to cause fungal infection, often starting in the lungs or on the skin.
Similar to other bacteria, there are millions of different fungal species on Earth, but only about 300 are known to infect people.
Conventionally, fungal infection is treated with antibiotics, including topical antifungal ointments or oral medications, depending on the severity of the disease.
Candida is a class of yeasts that cause fungal infections worldwide.
Candida albicans is a member of a large group of an organism whose cells contain complex structures enclosed within the membranes, including yeast and mold that live among the gut flora in the human mouth and gastrointestinal tract.
Under normal circumstances, Candida albicans do not cause harm to humans, but overgrowth results in candidiasis.
Oral candidiasis is an oral condition infected by the fungal C. albicans found mostly in people with a weakened immune system including patients who are taking the immune-suppressive medicine.
Biofilms are microbial communities in which cells stick to each other and often also to a surface.
Symptoms of oral Candida overgrowth are worse on a damp day, including persistent drowsiness, lack of coordination, headaches, mood swings, loss of balance, rashes, bad breath, dry mouth, and postnasal drip.
There are many risk factors associated with Candida overgrowth including medical conditions that cause a weakened immune system, inhalant medicine, low levels of stomach acids, and pregnancy.
Some researchers suggested aging may be one of the major risk factors that cause Candida overgrowth
Dr. Aikaterini Flevari, the lead scientist said, "Candida species remain the most important cause of opportunistic infections worldwide, affecting predominantly patients over 65 years old, while they are considered to be the fourth most common cause of nosocomial bloodstream infections".
And, "The rapidly growing elderly population has specific physiological characteristics, which makes it susceptible to colonization and subsequent infection due to Candida species".
Cranberry is an evergreen dwarf shrub, genus Vaccinium, belonging to the family Ericaceae, native to Northern America and Southern Asia. Because of its health benefits, cranberry has been cultivated in some parts of the world for commercial profit and used in traditional and herbal medicine to treat wounds, urinary disorders, diarrhea, diabetes, stomach ailments, and liver problems.
On finding a potential compound for the treatment of Candida albicans, researchers examined the effects of polyphenol-rich cranberry extracts on dual-species Streptococcus mutans-Candida. albicans biofilms.
On S. mutans-C. albicans biofilms grown on saliva-coated hydroxyapatite discs (s-HA) mounted on the high-throughput Amsterdam Active Attachment model, cranberry extracts(ACE)/vehicle control was applied at the five minutes just before biofilm growth and subsequently, for similar exposure times, after 12 hours and 24 hours of biofilm growth.
Based on the analysis, the treatment of ACE at doses of 500 to 1,000 μg/mL showed significant reductions in acidogenicity and metabolic activity, compared to the control.
Biovolumes of the EPS (P=0.003) and microbial biofilm components associated with the overgrowth of Candida albicans were significantly decreased by the application of ACE.
According to the qualitative assessment of confocal biofilm images, cranberry extract disrupted biofilm structural architecture that causes Candida albicans.
Moreover, ACE showed significantly fewer S. mutans (P=0.006) and C. albicans (P=0.036) compared to control.
Based on the findings, researchers aid, "Cranberry extracts inhibited cariogenic virulence properties of S. mutans-C. albicansdual-species biofilms in an in vitro model".
Taken altogether, cranberry may be considered a remedy for the treatment of Candida albicans, pending the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All rights10,000 reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, Best Before it's news, the karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for Shorty Award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Polyphenol-Rich Cranberry Extracts Modulate Virulence of Streptococcus mutans-Candida albicans Biofilms Implicated in the Pathogenesis of Early Childhood Caries by Philip N1, Leishman SJ2, Bandara H3, Walsh LJ. (PubMed)
(2) Cranberry-derived proanthocyanidins induce a differential transcriptomic response within Candida albicans urinary biofilms by Sundararajan A1, Rane HS2, Ramaraj T1, Sena J1, Howell AB3, Bernardo SM4, Schilkey FD1, Lee SA. (PubMed)
(3) Treatment of invasive candidiasis in the elderly: a review by Aikaterini Flevari,1 Maria Theodorakopoulou,1 Aristea Velegraki,2 Apostolos Armaganidis,1 and George Dimopoulos. (PMC)
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