Kyle J. Norton
Scientists may have found a pungent spice which processes the potential to treat lung cancer, according to studies.
Lung cancer is a medical condition characterized by irregular cell growth in the lung tissue.
In Canada, according to the statistics, lung cancer is the leading cause of death in both men and women. Lung cancer accounts for 26.7% of all deaths from cancer and 6.5% of all mortality.
The 5-year survival rate for people with stage IB NSCLC is about 68%.
At the advanced stage, the lung cancer cell may suppress the nearby blood vessels and nerves leading to vomiting blood and localized severe pain accompanied by other general symptoms of cancer such as weight loss, reduced appetite.
In this stage, lung cancer also can travel a distance away to infect other healthy cells of tissue and organs, leading to secondary metastasis.
The most common glands and organs of lung cancer metastases are the adrenal gland, bones, brain, and liver.
Although there are many factors associated with the onset of lung cancer, some researchers suggested that current and past smoking accounts for most of the cases. The risk of developing lung cancer is about 23 times higher in male smokers compared to non-smokers, epidemiologically.
Dr. Ozlü T, the lead scientist in examining the risk of lung cancer from smoking, wrote, "The association between cigarettes and lung cancer has been proven by large cohort studies. Tobacco use has been reported to be the main cause of 90% of male and 79% of female lung cancers. 90% of deaths from lung cancer are estimated to be due to smoking".
And, "DNA adducts, the metabolites of smoke carcinogens bound covalently with DNA, are regarded as an indicator of cancer risk in smokers. In recent decades, there has been a shift from squamous and small cell lung cancer types to adenocarcinoma, due to increasing rates of smoking among the female population and rising light cigarette usage".
Ginger (Zingiber officinale) or ginger root, the second superfood used for thousands of years by mankind, is the genus Zingiber, belonging to the family Zingiberaceae, native to Tamil.
The root has been used in traditional and Chinese medicine for the treatment of dyspepsia, gastroparesis, constipation, edema, difficult urination, colic, etc.
Researchers on finding a natural compound for the treatment of lung cancer with no side effects compared to chemo medication examined the anti-lung cancer of bioactive compounds isolated from ginger.
[6]-shogaol, [6]-paradol and [6]-gingerol, potentiate the anti-NSCLC activity, however, [6]-shogaol showed the greatest inhibitory effects on the NSCLC cell proliferation and anchorage-independent growth.
[6]-Shogaol also induced cell cycle arrest (G1 or G2/M) and apoptosis as well as the cascades associated with the programming cell deaths.
Furthermore, [6]-shogaol inhibited protein (Akt kinase activity), associated with cancer proliferation and survival In NCI-H1650 lung cancer cells by inhibiting the regulator involved in cell cycle progression.
Dr. Myoung Ok Kim and colleagues in the final report said, "The current study clearly indicates that [6]-shogaol can be exploited for the prevention and/or treatment of NSCLC".
In order to reveal more information about ginger anti-lung cancer activity, researchers examined the [6]-gingerol and [6]-shogaol and a ginger extract with a high level of shogaols (GEHS) against lung cancer cells.
[6]- shogaol has greater growth inhibitory activity (about 10-fold) on lung and colon cancer cell lines than [6]- gingerol.
Shogaols of ginger preparations and GEHS has a stronger cancer-preventive effect, compared to other ginger extracts.
The inhibitory activities of GEHS and extract from fresh ginger, as well as [6]-shogaol and [6]-gingerol inhibited an NNK-induced lung carcinogenesis model in A/J mice.
These results provide the basic information on key active cancer preventive constituents in ginger extracts. The development of a standardized and more active ginger extract preparation will facilitate future pre-clinical and clinical studies on the health benefits of ginger extracts, according to the author.
Taken together, ginger processed with a high amount of bioactive compounds may be considered a function alternative for prevention and combined primary therapy for the treatment of lung cancer, pending the confirmation of a large sample size and multicenter human study.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All rights reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10,000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, Best Before it's news, the Karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for Shorty Award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) [6]-Shogaol inhibits growth and induces apoptosis of non-small cell lung cancer cells by directly regulating Akt1/2 by Myoung Ok Kim, 1 , 2 , † Mee-Hyun Lee, 1 , 3 , † Naomi Oi, 1 , † Sung-Hyun Kim, 1 , 2 , †Ki Beom Bae, 1 Zunnan Huang, 1 , 4 Dong Joon Kim, 1 , 5 Kanamata Reddy, 1 Sung-Young Lee,1 , 6 Si Jun Park, 2 Jae Young Kim, 2 Hua Xie, 1 , 7 Joydeb Kumar Kundu, 8 Zae Young Ryoo, 2Ann M. Bode, 1 Young-Joon Surh, 3 and Zigang Dong. (PMC)
(2) Ginger Extract: Bioavailability Study and Lung Cancer Preventive Effect by Sang, Shengmin. (NIH)
(3) Smoking and lung cancer by Ozlü T1, Bülbül Y. (PubMed)
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