Epidemiological studies do not agree that coffee and coffee caffeine have a positive effect on reduced depression, a review literature study suggested.
Coffee, second to green tea, is a popular and social beverage all over the world, particularly in the West, made from roast beans from the Coffea plant, native to tropical Africa and Madagascar.
Depression is a normal neuro response as part of our daily lives such as the loss of s job, the death of a loved one, and illness.
Over 30 million Americans suffer from depression and the amounts are increasing at an alarming rate.
According to the University of Naples Federico II, over 2 decades, many studies addressed the concerns that coffee intake may have an implication of incidence of depression, but several phytochemical studies indicated a different outcome as caffeine and certain major phytoconstituents exhibited antidepressant effects through multiple molecular mechanisms.
Dr. Tenore GC, the lead researcher said, "Coffee can be considered a drink which has different positive effects on human health such as cardioprotective, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, etc. However, heavy coffee consumption may be related to some unpleasant symptoms, mainly anxiety, headache, increased blood pressure, nausea, and restlessness".
Contrastively, caffeine in coffee showed a strong inverse association in cases of postpartum depression and comorbid panic disorder.
Other researchers in the search for the efficacy of coffee and the risk of depression through databases from PubMed and PsychINFO insisted that although literature data are conflicting, caffeine found in coffee indicated a significantly reduced effect on symptoms of clinical depression.
Additionally, in a cross-sectional study of 10,177 Korean individuals aged 20-97 years the prevalence of self-reported depression of 14.0%, and of self-reported clinical depression of 3.7%. participated in the fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. to determine the effect of the consumption of coffee and the risk of depression, after adjusting to other factors, the returned survey from patients can be cataloged into the following
For general depression
1. The relative odd ratio of patients drinking less than one cup/week was 0.84
2. The relative odd ratio of patients drinking one to six cups/week was 0.63
3. The relative odd ratio of patients drinking for one cup/day was 0.69
4. The relative odd ratio of patients drinking for two cups/day was 0.54
5. The relative odd ratio of patients drinking for three or more cups/day was .58
For clinical depression, similar observations also have been recorded
1. The relative odd ratio of patients drinking less than one cup/week was 1.00
2. The relative odd ratio of patients drinking one to six cups/week was 0.51
3. The relative odd ratio of patients drinking for one cup/day was 0.57
4. The relative odd ratio of patients drinking for two cups/day was 0.57
5. The relative odd ratio of patients drinking for three or more cups/day was 0.41
The findings although not linearly, coffee and coffee caffeine intake expressed a protective effect in the ameliorated risk of depression.
Taken together, there is no doubt that coffee and coffee caffeine intake daily and regularly have a profound effect on depression but further cohost large sample-sized studies are necessary to find out other factors that may contribute to either outcome.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton, Master of Nutrients
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10,000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, Best Before it's news, the Karate GB daily, etc.,.
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Nominated for Shorty Award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bio Science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Coffee and Depression: A Short Review of Literature by Tenore GC1, Daglia M, Orlando V, D'Urso E, Saadat SH, Novellino E, Nabavi SF, Nabavi SM.(PubMed)
(2) [Coffee consumption in depressive disorders: it's not one size fits all].[Article in Italian] by Rusconi AC, Valeriani G, Carluccio GM, Majorana M, Carlone C, Raimondo P, Ripà S, Marino P, Coccanari de Fornari MA, Biondi M.(PubMed)
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