Showing posts with label TCM. Show all posts
Showing posts with label TCM. Show all posts

Tuesday 7 June 2022

Herbal Butterbur May Process Anti Acute and Chronic Migraine Activity

By Kyle J. Norton

Herbal butterbur may be considered a functional herb in the protection of neurons against change in the brain and its surrounding blood vessels in the initiated onset of migraine, some scientists suggested.

Migraine headache is one most common headaches defined as a condition of a chronic neurological disorder of moderate to severe headaches, and nausea that usually develops gradually over 5–20 minutes and lasts for less than 60 minutes.

According to statistics, the syndrome affects over 15% of the population in the US. If you are a woman your risk of migraine headaches is 2 times higher in compared to men.

Sadly, 1 in 7 people in the world population will develop migraine headache at some point in their lifetime, And, chronic migraine affects about 2% of the world population.

Some patients during migraine attacks also suffer symptoms of visual disturbances, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, extreme sensitivity to sound, light, touch, and smell, and tingling or numbness in the extremities or face.

Believe it or not, 10% of school-age children also suffer from undiagnosed migraine headaches.

Conventional medicine in reducing symptoms of pain during attacks such as Sumatriptan, Rizatriptan,..and Eletriptan may be effective but they may induce certain side effects, including gastrointestinal discomfort, dizziness, drowsiness,... and muscle weakness.


Please make sure that you discuss these side effects with your doctor before taking them.


Butterbur, found in wet, marshy, damp land, including wetland, riversides, forests, etc., is a creeping underground plant, genus Petasites of 15 -20 species, belonging to the family Asteraceae, native to Northern Hemisphere.

The herb has been used in herbal medicine used as a pain reliever in the digestive system, including the stomach, bile ducts, duodenum, etc.

The Chemical constituents
The chemical constituents of Butterbur include Petioles, petasitene and pethybrene, quercetin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside, quercetin 3-O-beta-D-6''-O-acetylglucoside, and rutin, caffeic acid, alkaloids, S-petasin and iso-S-petasin, etc.

Although the herb is used as a nutritional supplement in the US, scientific studies suggested that it may be used as the prevention of allergic rhinitis and treatment of migraine.

In a three-arm, parallel-group, randomized trial comparing Petasites extract 75 mg bid, Petasites extract 50 mg bid, or placebo bid in 245 patients with migraine, satisfied the International Headache Society criteria, researchers found that by calculating the migraine attack frequency per month as percentage change from baseline over a 4-month treatment period

* Migraine attack frequency was reduced by 48% for Petasites extract 75 mg bid (p = 0.0012 vs placebo), 36% for Petasites extract 50 mg bid (p = 0.127 vs placebo), in compared to 26% of placebo group.

* The proportion of patients with a > or =50% reduction in attack frequency after 4 months was 68% for patients in the Petasites extract 75-mg arm and 49% for the placebo arm (p < 0.05).
* In comparison to the baseline, patients, intake of Petasites 75 mg also expressed a significant effect in reduced migraine at 1, 2, and 3 months.

* Mild adverse effects such as gastrointestinal events, predominantly burping. were also reported.

These results suggested that butterbur Petasites extract 75 mg bid is more effective than placebo and is well tolerated as a preventive therapy for migraine.

Furthermore, in the review to confirm the strength of evidence of effectiveness for Petasites hybridus in treating prophylaxis of migraine by searching several databases and other sources to identify randomized-controlled trials, the Headache Center Hirslanden in Zürich, Switzerland found 2 trials totaling 293 patients (60 and 233 patients).

According to the selected trials, oral administrated butterbur extract at a higher dose (150 mg) expressed a greater decreased frequency of migraine attacks and a greater number of responders (improvement>50%) after treatment over 3-4 months compared to the extract at a lower dose (100 mg) and placebo.

Additional differentiation also found some evidences that higher than the recommended dose may be more effective in treating prophylaxis of migraine.

More profoundly, in the study of 60 patients who received either the special Petasites hybridus extract Petadolex or placebo at a dosage of two capsules (each capsule contains 25 mg) twice daily over 12 weeks, researchers found that

* Oral injection of the capsules Petadolex reduces the frequency of migraine attacks decreased by a maximum of 60 percent compared to the baseline.

* No adverse events were reported. Petasites were exceptionally well tolerated.

Taking all together, herbal butterbur extract may be considered a therapeutic treatment for acute and chronic migraine headaches, however, the exact dose should only be prescribed by herbalists.


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Loose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional's Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How-To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months


Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
References
(1) Petasites hybridus root (butterbur) is an effective preventive treatment for migraine by Lipton RB, Göbel H, Einhäupl KM, Wilks K, Mauskop A.(PubMed)
(2) An extract of Petasites hybridus is effective in the prophylaxis of migraine by Grossman W, Schmidramsl H.(PubMed)
(3) Effectiveness of Petasites hybridus preparations in the prophylaxis of migraine: a systematic review by Agosti R, Duke RK, Chrubasik JE, Chrubasik S.(PubMed)

Sunday 5 June 2022

Herbal Chaste Tree Berry (Vitex Agnus-castus) May Process Anti-Leukemia Potency

By Kyle J. Norton

Scientists may have found a herbal ingredient for the treatment of leukemia with no side effects, some studies suggested.

Leukemia is a medical condition characterized by the production of high numbers of abnormal white blood cells. A disease is a group of cancers originating in the soft, inner part of the bones (bone marrow).

At the advanced stage, the cancerous cells can travel a distance away to infect other healthy cells of other tissue and organs, particularly, in the tissue of lymph nodes, spleen, liver, and central nervous system.


The exact causes of leukemia are unknown, however, researchers do know that smoking, and genetic disorders such as Down syndrome. blood disorders and previous treatment for cancer with chemotherapy or radiation are the most common risk factors associated with the onset of the disease.

Leukemia can be classified into acute and chronic leukemia. In acute and chronic leukemia, the abnormal cells can multiply quickly. On the other hand, chronic leukemia, progresses slowly and early symptoms may be very mild.

According to the statistic provided by the Leukemia and Lymphoma Society of Canada, in Canada, leukemia is the most common form of cancer in children 0-14 years of age and the 6th most common among young adults 15 to 29 years.


Every year over 900 children, 0-14 years of age are diagnosed with cancer, accounting for 11% of all childhood cancer.


The most common symptoms of leukemia include persistent fever or chills, fatigue, weakness, frequent or severe infections, unintentional weight loss, swollen lymph nodes, and enlarged liver or spleen.


If you are experiencing some of the above symptoms, please check with your doctor to rule out the possibility of leukemia.


Chaste tree berry is a species of Vitex agnus-castus, genus Vitex, belonging to the family Lamiaceae, native to the Mediterranean region.

The tree has been used in herbal medicine for thousands of years as an aphrodisiac herb and is considered a Queen herb in treating menstrual problems and discomforts by taking it for a prolonged period of time.

There was a report suggested that chaste tree berry stems and leaves can be used by women as bedding "to cool the heat of lust" during the time of the Thesmophoria,

Chemical constituents
1. β-citronellol
2. Labdane-type diterpenoids,
3. Halimane-type diterpenoid,
4. Oleanane-type triterpenoids,
5. Ursane-type triterpenoids,
6. Sesquiterpenoid,
7. Flavonoid
8. Viteagnusins C, D, E, F, G, and H
9. Abietane-type diterpenoids

In the study to reaffirm the extract from the ripe fruit of Vitex Angus-cactus (Vitex), may be considered an anticancer candidate, researchers at the joint investigation led by the Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences conducted a study to provide a molecular rationale for clinical development in anticancer therapy(SB203580, an inhibitor for p38 MAPK), a detailed mechanism underlying the efficacy of Vitex against HL-60 cells.

* Vitex and the addition of SB203580 induced a dose- and time-dependent decreased cancer cell viability associated with induction of apoptosis and G(2)/M cell cycle arrest.


* SB203580 significantly suppressed Vitex-induced phosphorylation of histone H3, a downstream molecule of p38 MAPK involved in the induction of tumor cells.

* Vitex inhibited HL-60 cancer cells through, the mediation of cytotoxicity.

* A decline in ROS levels along with enhanced apoptosis was observed after treatment with Vitex.


These results suggested that chaste tree berry inhibited the HL 60 cells by increasing the expression of ROS in the facilitated cytotoxicity and inducing apoptosis through cell cycle arrest.

In the summary of the findings, Dr. Kikuchi H, the lead author said, "These results may have important implications for appropriate clinical uses of Vitex and provide novel insights into the interaction between Vitex and other conventional drugs capable of affecting intracellular redox status".



Further differentiation of the cytotoxicity of Vitex agnus-castus fruit extract and its major component, casticin against the leukemia cell lines, HL-60 and U-937, researchers found that Vitex and casticin induced cytotoxicity on both cell lines in a dose depended on manner. and HL-60 cells were more sensitive to the cytotoxicity of Vitex/casticin compared to U-937 cells.


Since the HL-60 cell line is more immature than the U-937 cell line, these results suggested that the levels of cytotoxicity of Vitex/casticin were largely attributed to the types of leukemia cells.


Taken altogether, Chaste tree berry may be considered a functional food and an adjunct therapy combined with conventional medicine for the treatment of leukemia without inducing any side effects.

However, due to the limitation of the studies, further data collection on large example size and multi-centers studies performed with human consumption of the whole food during the course of the disease will be necessary to complete the picture of chaste tree berry anti-leukemia possibilities.


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professionals' Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How-To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca



Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

References
(1) Involvement of histone H3 phosphorylation via the activation of p38 MAPK pathway and intracellular redox status in cytotoxicity of HL-60 cells induced by Vitex agnus-castus fruit extract by chi H1, Yuan B1, Yuhara E1, Imai M1, Furutani R1, Fukushima S1, Hazama S1, Hirobe C2, Ohyama K1, Takagi N3, Toyoda H1.(PubMed)
(2) Cytotoxicity of Vitex agnus-castus fruit extract and its major component, casticin, correlates with differentiation status in leukemia cell lines by chi H1, Yuan B, Nishimura Y, Imai M, Furutani R, Kamoi S, Seno M, Fukushima S, Hazama S, Hirobe C, Ohyama K, Hu XM, Takagi N, Hirano T, Toyoda H.(PubMed)

Wednesday 4 May 2022

Yoga Intervention Maybe Used to Enhance Smoking Cessation, Researchers Say

Kyle J. Norton  


The good news for people who want to quit smoking, epidemiological studies suggested strongly that yoga intervention may have a profound impact on smoking cessation.

Yoga, the ancient practice for harmonized external and internal body well beings, through breath control, meditation, bodily movement, and gesture..... has been best known to people in the Western world and some parts of Asia due to health benefits reported by various respectable institutes' research and supported by health advocates.

According to the joint study led by the Alpert Medical School of Brown University to examine the smoking-relevant characteristics of individuals enrolling in an 8-week randomized controlled trial, for testing yoga as a complementary treatment to standard smoking cessation, the sample of 55% females, 86% non-Hispanic white, with a mean age of 46 years,
1. Males smoked more cigarettes/ day than females and had a lower motivation to quit smoking
2. Females were more likely to smoke for weight control, social and mood-related reasons, and had higher expectations for the efficacy of yoga
3. Age was negatively associated with the presence of other smokers in the household and smoking in response to negative moods
4. And Age was associated with more willingness to quitting

After taking into account other co-founders, researchers said, "both males and females were interested in a program offering yoga as a complementary therapy for smoking cessation".

The results indicated that yoga may be considered an integrated form of exercise to assist smoking cessation.

Further discussion of smoking cessation, in a study to examine the rates of cessation among women randomized to either a novel, 8-week Yoga plus Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) smoking cessation intervention versus a Wellness program plus the same CBT smoking cessation intervention, scientists showed that after 8 weeks period
1. Innovative treatments are needed to address barriers as mentioned in the above study for successful smoking cessation among men and women.
2. Yoga may be an effective complementary treatment for smoking cessation
3. Yoga can offer an alternative to traditional exercise for reducing negative symptoms that often accompany smoking cessation and predicting relapse to smoking among recent quitters.


The results of the finding suggested that Yoga plus Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) are the better choices to improve smoking cessation outcomes, in comparison to yoga alone or standard treatments.


In an additional analysis of the effect of yoga intervention on smoking cessation, researchers at the University of Cincinnati, conducted a review of the literature published in the database from MEDLINE (PubMed), EBSCOHOST, PROQUEST, MEDINDIA, CINAHL, Alt HealthWatch, and AMED between 2004 and 2013, suggested that 10 studies satisfied the criteria and guidelines selected have produced the following results
1. Yoga participation expressed a significant effect in improved quitting smoking rates in a majority of studies
2. Yoga-based interventions hold a promise for smoking cessation

Unfortunately, all these studies also expressed some the limitations including short follow-up measurements and short duration of intervention, Dr. Dai CL, the lead author concerned


The findings suggested that yoga adapted to smokers' age, gender,...... and used in conjunction with standard treatment may have a profound effect on enhanced smoking cessation in the short term.


Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How-To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months


Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca

Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrients, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Who Enrolls in a Quit Smoking Program with Yoga Therapy? by Bock BC1, Thind H2, Dunsiger S3, Fava JL4, Jennings E5, Becker BM6, Marcus BH7, Rosen RK3, Sillice MA8.(PubMed)
(2) Yoga as a complementary treatment for smoking cessation: rationale, study design and participant characteristics of the Quitting-in-Balance study by Bock BC1, Morrow KM, Becker BM, Williams DM, Tremont G, Gaskins RB, Jennings E, Fava J, Marcus BH (PubMed)
(3) Between inhale and exhale: yoga as an intervention in smoking cessation by Dai CL1, Sharma M.(PubMed)

Sunday 1 May 2022

Herbal Angelica Promotes Hematopoietic Function

By Kyle J. Norton

The hematopoietic system is a complex network including organs and tissues such as the bone marrow, liver, and spleen.

Hematopoiesis is the process by which blood cells are formed, including the formation of all of the cellular components of blood and blood plasma.

1. Red blood cells with a function to transport oxygen and hemoglobin to the body.

2. White blood cells that form parts of the immune system, including
* T cells and B cells, that fight viruses, and tumors.

* Neutrophils that fight bacteria and fungi.

* Eosinophils that fight some parasites and initiate an inflammatory response.

* Basophils that release the histamines necessary for the inflammatory response.

* Macrophages, are the first line of the immune response in the acute phase of infection.

3. Platelets (thrombocytes) for coagulation.

Dr. Risitano AM, the lead scientist in the study of  " Function and malfunction of hematopoietic stem cells in primary bone marrow failure syndromes", said," Constitutional marrow failure syndromes are conditions caused by intrinsic defects of HSCs; they are due to inherited germline mutations accounting for specific phenotypes, and often involve also organs and systems other than hematopoiesis".

And " By contrast, in acquired marrow failure syndromes hematopoietic stem cells are thought to be intrinsically normal, but subjected to extrinsic damage affecting their hematopoietic function".

Diseases of the bone marrow, spleen, lymph nodes, and thymus may affect the process of hematopoiesis, leading to various diseases of the hematopoietic system.

Angelica or Dang Qui is a herb of Genus Angelica from the family Apiaceae, indigenous to China. The herb has been used as a Queen herb in traditional Chinese medicine antispasmodic and vasodilatory agent, and to balance the hormones in women for a normal menstrual cycle and menstruation, and strengthen the heart, spleen, kidneys, and liver for both men and women, etc. In other words, it is used to treat gynecological ailments, fatigue, mild anemia, and high blood pressure. It has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, etc.

On finding a potential compound that promotes hematopoietic functioning, researchers examined the neuroprotective effects of investigating the influence of AS on the metabolism of blood deficiency mice model.

Selected mice in the study were induced blood deficiency by being hypodermically injected with N-acetyl phenylhydrazine (APH) and intraperitoneally injected with cyclophosphamide (CTX) then treated with Angelica Sinensis (AS).

According to the tested assays, the administration of AS normalized the levels of white blood cell (WBC), red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB), and platelet (PLT) compared to the untreated control group.

The dose of 10g/kg demonstrated the best effect compared to other doses.

Furthermore, the metabolic pathways biomarkers associated with an important role in regulating the hematopoietic function, such as arachidonic acid metabolism, valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis, glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, arginine and proline were also affected by the injection of AS.

In other words, AS promotes the production of all of the cellular components of blood and blood plasma in blood deficiency mice.

Taken altogether, herbal Angelica may be considered a neuroprotective remedy for the improvement of hematopoietic function, pending to larger sample size and multicenter human study.


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters 
Contrary To Professional's Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally 

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You. How-To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months


Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Metabolomics study of hematopoietic function of Angelica Sinensis on blood deficiency mice model by Li PL1, Sun HG1, Hua YL1, Ji P1, Zhang L1, Li JX1, Wei Y. (PubMed)
(2) Function and malfunction of hematopoietic stem cells in primary bone marrow failure syndromes by Risitano AM1, Maciejewski JP, Selleri C, Rotoli B. (PubMed)

Tuesday 12 April 2022

Turmeric Exerts Anti Hypertension Activity in Vivos

By Kyle J. Norton

High blood pressure or hypertension is a condition of abnormally high blood pressure in the arteries. Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against the walls of the arteries as the heart pumps out blood.

High blood pressure is also a condition in the cluster of metabolic syndrome associated with the increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), and diabetes.

Depending on the levels of blood pressure, most patients with high blood pressure are asymptomatic, However, long-term very high blood pressure has been found to induce dizziness and light head, shortness of breath, nosebleeds, flushing, chest pain, and visual changes.

Some medical conditions such as kidney disease and long-term stress are associated with high blood pressure.

According to the American hypertension Association, long-term untreated high blood pressure can induce complications that reduce or obstruct the function of the heart and blood vessels, leading to heart attack, stroke, and heart failure.

Conventional hypertensive medications have undoubtedly prevented many deaths from heart disease in the past 30 years, but they have many side effects.

If you are currently taking hypertensive medicine, please make sure you know all the side effects of the preventive measure.

Some researchers also found that excessive energy intake and obesity are major causes of hypertension.

Dr. Savica V, the lead author in the study "The effect of nutrition on blood pressure" wrote, "Obesity is associated with increased activity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone and sympathetic nervous systems, possibly other mineralocorticoid activity, insulin resistance, salt-sensitive hypertension, and excess salt intake, and reduced kidney function. High sodium chloride intake strongly predisposes to hypertension".

And, "Increased alcohol consumption may acutely elevate blood pressure. High intakes of potassium, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and protein, along with exercise and possibly vitamin D, may reduce blood pressure".

Turmeric is a perennial plant in the genus Curcuma, belongings to the family Zingiberaceae, native to tropical South Asia.



The herb has been used in traditional medicine as an anti-oxidant, hypoglycemic, colorant, antiseptic, wound healing agent, and for the treatment of flatulence, bloating, appetite loss, ulcers, eczema, inflammations, etc.

On findings of a potential compound for the treatment of high blood pressure, researchers examined the effects of ginger (Zingiber officinale) and turmeric (Curcuma longa) on a hypertensive animal model.

Selected rats induced hypertension by oral administration of Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride, 40 mg/kg body weight to the study were divided into seven groups (n = 10).
* The groups 1-3 included normotensive control rats, hypertensive (Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride) rats, and hypertensive control rats treated with atenolol (an antihypertensive drug).

* Groups 4 and 5 included normotensive and hypertensive (Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride) rats treated with 4 % supplementation of turmeric, respectively.

* Groups 6 and 7 included normotensive and hypertensive rats treated with 4 % supplementation of ginger, respectively.

During the experiment, researchers found that Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride hypertensive rats showed a significant increase in ATP and ADP hydrolysis, adenosine deaminase involved in purine metabolism, and acetylcholinesterase involved in the regulation of blood vessel tone compared to the control rats.

In other words, the injection of Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride causes the increase of enzymes associated with the constriction of blood vessel tone, blocking the blood vessel dilatation and blood flow through the coronary blood vessels.

Furthermore, Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride rats also demonstrated an elevated production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1 and - 6, interferon-γ, and tumor necrosis factor-α) and reduced levels of an anti-inflammatory cytokine such as interleukin-10, a leading cause of the increase in arterial stiffness and risk of CVD.

Moreover, increased butyrylcholinesterase activity associated with chronic inflammation was also found in the Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride rats.

However, all parameters caused by the injection of Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride involved in the onset of hypertension were totally inhibited by the application of ginger (Zingiber officinale) and turmeric (Curcuma longa).


Based on the findings, researchers said, "these activities could suggest a possible insight about the protective mechanisms of the rhizomes against hypertension-related inflammation."


Taken altogether, turmeric used alone or in combination with ginger may be considered supplements for the prevention and treatment of hypertension, pending the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of turmeric in the form of a supplement should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional's Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You. How-To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months


Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Dietary Supplementation of Ginger and Turmeric Rhizomes Modulates Platelets Ectonucleotidase and Adenosine Deaminase Activities in Normotensive and Hypertensive Rats by Akinyemi AJ1,2,3, Thomé GR3, Morsch VM3, Bottari NB3, Baldissarelli J3, de Oliveira LS3, Goularte JF4, Belló-Klein A4, Oboh G1, Schetinger MR. (PubMed)
(2) Effect of Ginger and Turmeric Rhizomes on Inflammatory Cytokines Levels and Enzyme Activities of Cholinergic and Purinergic Systems in Hypertensive Rats by Akinyemi AJ1, Thomé GR2, Morsch VM2, Bottari NB2, Baldissarelli J2, de Oliveira LS2, Goularte JF3, Belló-Klein A3, Duarte T4, Duarte M4, Boligon AA5, Athayde ML5, Akindahunsi AA1, Oboh G1, Schetinger MR. (PubMed)
(3) The effect of nutrition on blood pressure by Savica V1, Bellinghieri G, Kopple JD(PubMed)

Tuesday 5 April 2022

Phytochemical Beta-Sitosterol Alleviates the Progression of Fatty Liver in Vivo

By Kyle J. Norton

The liver is the largest internal organ found in the human which plays an essential role in filtering the blood from the digestive system before passing them to other parts of the body.

The liver also produces cholesterol, a waxy substance that aids digestion, builds cell membranes, and produces vitamin D and steroid hormones.

Liver disease is a class of medical conditions characterized by reducing partly or completely the function of the liver, including liver failure.

A fatty liver is a liver condition associated with the accumulation of excess fat in the liver.

There are two main types of fatty liver disease:
* Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is a medical condition characterized by fat accumulated in the liver tissue other than excessive consumption of alcohol.
According to the American liver foundation, Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease is one of the most common causes of liver disease, and approximately 30% (100 million) individuals in the United States are estimated to have nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

The causes of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease are unknown. Also, as of today researchers do not understand why some people are susceptible to liver fat accumulation while others are not.

The disease can be classified into the types of non-inflammatory fatty liver (NAFL) and inflammatory nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and acute fatty liver of pregnancy (AFLP), a relatively rare disorder that happens only during pregnancy.

* Alcoholic fatty liver diseases is a condition caused by lifelong heavy alcohol use.

In other words, substances found in alcohol damage liver cells, promote inflammation and weaken your body's natural defenses. More precisely, the more alcohol that you drink, the more you damage your liver.

Alcoholic fatty liver disease is the earliest stage of alcohol-related liver disease.

Beta-Sitosterol is a phytochemical in the class of Phytosterols, belongings to the group of Lipids, found abundantly in avocados, rice bran, wheat germ, corn oils, fennel, peanuts, soybeans, hawthorn, basil, buckwheat. etc.

In finding a potential phytochemical for the prevention and treatment of liver diseases, researchers elucidated the effects of stigmasterol and β-sitosterol on a high-fat Western diet (HFWD)-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

According to the results after 33 weeks of treatment* stigmasterol and β-sitosterol were effective in protecting the liver against HFWD-induced NAFLD.

* The parameters that contributed to the onset of NAFLD are triacylglycerols (TGs), phosphatidylcholines, cholesteryl esters, diacylglycerols, and free fatty acids (FFAs).

* The efficacy of stigmasterol and β-sitosterol in the alleviation of NAFLD was mainly associated with decreases in hepatic cholesterol, TGs with polyunsaturated fatty acids, and alterations of free hepatic FFA.

Based on the findings, researchers said, "phytosterols, at a dose comparable to that suggested for humans by the FDA for the reduction of plasma cholesterol levels, are shown to protect against NAFLD in this long-term (33-week) study".

Beta-Sitosterol may be considered a remedy for the prevention and treatment of NAFLD, pending the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of beta-Sitosterol in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professionals' Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You. How-To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months


Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Effects of Stigmasterol and β-Sitosterol on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in a Mouse Model: A Lipidomic Analysis by Feng S1,2,3, Gan L1, Yang CS2, Liu AB2, Lu W4, Shao P1, Dai Z5, Sun P1, Luo Z. (PubMed)

Sunday 3 April 2022

Fermented Soy Shows Lowering Blood Cholesterol Property, Clinical Diagnosis Suggests

By Kyle J. Norton

Cholesterol is a waxy substance that is produced either by the liver or injected from animal food sources.

Cholesterol found in our body is needed for our body to build cell walls, hormones, and vitamin D, and create bile salts that aid digestion. However, too much of them, in most cases due to the intake of animal protein can cause plaques to build up on the arterial wall, the major cause of heart disease and stroke.

More precisely, if levels of low-density lipoprotein are high compared to high-density lipoprotein which returns the accessed cholesterol back to the liver, you have high blood cholesterol.

In other words, healthy blood cholesterol is any level with either less than or equal to 4 (low-density lipoprotein/ 1 (high-density lipoprotein).

The most common diseases associated with high cholesterol are cardiovascular disease, including coronary heart disease, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease.

Most patients with high cholesterol also have diabetes and high blood pressure.

Hyperlipidemia is a condition of abnormally high levels of cholesterol in the bloodstream.

High blood cholesterol is the most common cause of hyperlipidemia.

According to statistics provided by the CDC, more than 12% of adults age 20 and older are living with high blood cholesterol with a total cholesterol higher than 240 mg/dL. and more than 18% had high-density lipoprotein (HDL, or “good”) cholesterol levels less than 40 mg/dL.

In other words, hyperlipidemia has a high prevalent ratio that affects over 100 million Americans and the condition is increasing at an alarming rate due to overweight and obesity.

Believe it or not, only half of the people with high blood cholesterol benefits from taking the lowering blood cholesterol medicine.

Fermented soy products are diverse varieties of soy food that are made from fermented soybeans, including miso, natto, tempeh, and soy sauce.

On finding a potential plant that processes high blood cholesterol activity researchers examined the health benefits of QCAN® Plus-an easily available fermented soy drink.

According to the results of the analysis of the study that was performed on lean (n = 10) and obese (n = 10) subjects during pre-soy (weeks -2, -1, and 0), on-soy (weeks 1, 2, 3, and 4), and post-soy (weeks 6, 8, 10, and 12) periods,* Total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels were significantly reduced in both lean and obese individuals during on-soy (P ≤ .05).

* Furthermore, cytokines such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) AA and AB/BB were significantly lowered on-soy compared with pre-soy (P ≤ .05) in lean subjects, and PDGF AA, IL-1RA, and GMCSF were significantly reduced on-soy (P ≤ .05) in obese subjects.

* The product is safe.

In other words, QCAN® Plus-an easily available fermented soy drink. showed a strong effect on the inhibition of high blood cholesterol and lipid oxidation.

Collectively, researchers said, "Our preliminary study on Q-CAN Plus ensures its safety for consumption and highlights its hypolipidemic and suppressive effect on certain cytokines ".

Taken altogether, fermented soy may be considered a functional food for the prevention and treatment of high blood cholesterol, pending the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional's Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How-To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months


Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Fermented Soy Beverage Q-CAN Plus Consumption Improves Serum Cholesterol and Cytokines by Arumugam S1, Dioletis E1, Paiva R1, Fields MR2, Weiss TR2, Secor ER3, Ali A, (PubMed)

Wednesday 16 March 2022

Herbal Chickweed Methanolic Extract, Maybe An Anti Obesity Supplement, Scientists Suggest

By Kyle J. Norton

Adding one or two portions of chickweed into the daily diet may have a positive and profound effect in inducing weight loss, particularly, in overweight and obese patients, some studies suggested.

Obesity is a medical condition of extreme overweight. The disease is an epidemic in the United States. According to the statistic, over 68% of the US population are overweight and half of these overweight people are obese.

According to epidemiological studies, patients with obesity are at a higher risk for serious diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and cancer.

According to Body Mass Index (BMI), the range of overweight is between 25 and 29.9. If your BMI is 30 or over you are considered obese.

The exact causes of obesity are unknown, however, there is a number of prevalent risk factors that cause the early onset of the condition including consuming too many calories than the body needs, a sedentary lifestyle, not sleeping enough, too much stress that leads to endocrine disruption and medication that cause patients to put on weight.

Genetic mutation inherited from the parents also is one of the major causes of obesity.

Dr. Hélène Choquet, the lead author in the study "Genetics of Obesity: What have we Learned?" In 2001, six genes were linked to monogenic human obesity and no common variants were reproducibly associated with polygenic obesity. By 2008, progress in the field led to the discovery of eight monogenic genes and four polygenic genes (FTO, PCSK1, MC4R, CTNNBL1) from associated studies at the genome-wide level of significance".

In the management of overweight and obese patients, researchers at the Park Nicollet Bariatric Surgery Center suggested, "lifestyle modifications should be recommended for every patient dealing with overweight or obesity" and " No single diet has proven to be superior to others overall in terms of weight loss outcomes. However, a low-carbohydrate (ie, ketogenic) diet has been shown to reduce insulin resistance in patients with diabetes and may be considered for this subgroup of patients".

" Exercise alone has not been shown to produce substantial weight loss, but it is helpful during the weight loss phase to preserve lean muscle mass, and it has a role in weight maintenance. Though sleep deprivation has been implicated in weight gain, the effect of improving sleep quality/duration on reducing excess weight has yet to be studied adequately".


These results indicated, actively engaging in low calory diet without causing nutrient deficiency and physical exercise on a long-term basis, and reducing stress levels may be considered good management for overweight and obese patients to lose weight.


Chickweed is a cool-season annual plant in the genus S. media, belonging to the family Caryophyllaceae, native to Europe.

The herb has been used in herbal medicine as astringent, carminative, demulcent, diuretic, expectorant, laxative, refrigerant, and to treat skin conditions, indigestion, eczema, cough, rashes,...

In the finding of a natural ingredient without a side effect in replacement of conventional medicine and surgery in obese patients researchers at the CMR College of Pharmacy, Medchal conducted an evaluation of the effect of chickweed (S. media (MESM)) on food consumption patterns, change in body weight, thermogenesis, lipid metabolism, and histology of fat pad, using progesterone-induced obesity model in female albino mice.

Methanolic and alcoholic extracts of the S. media were used in the experiment. At the final assessment, researchers suggested, the application of a methanolic extract of S. media (MESM) demonstrates a significant effect in preventing the increase in body weight, adipose tissue weight and size, and upturned obesity and associated complications, compared to the alcoholic extract.


Further analysis also discovered, the antiobesity activity produced by MESM is attributed to the anorexic property mediated by saponin and flavonoid and partly by its β-sitosterol content.

Moreover, β-sitosterol, a plant sterol having structural similarity with dietary fat isolated from the methanolic extract of S. media shows a physical competition in the gastrointestinal tract against fat absorption.

Other chemical compounds found in the methanolic extract such as saponin, flavonoids, steroids and triterpenoids, glycosides, and anthocyanidins are also found in aiding the results of weight reduction.

Additionally, the examining of numerous trials conducted by some institutes with an aim to find and develop new anti-obesity drugs through herbal sources with minimizing side effects compared to anti-obesity drugs, researchers at the University of Science and Technology launched an evaluation of the quality control parameters, quantitative phytochemical analysis (total phenolic, total flavonoids, and total saponin content), and the anti-obesity effect of lyophilized juice (LJ) of Stellaria media (Linn.) Vill. in vitro and in vivo models.

The anti-obesity effect of LJ was assessed at two doses, 400 mg/kg and 900 mg/kg body weight in mice fed a high-fat diet with or without LJ for 6 weeks.

Application of both doses in tested mice inhibited pancreatic amylase and lipase activity and elevated plasma triacylglycerol level.


At the dose of 900 mg/kg body weight of the mice fed with a high-fat diet, LJ suppressed the increase in body weight, retroperitoneal adipose tissue, liver weights, and serum parameters viz., total cholesterol, total triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol level

Dr. Rani N, the lead author of the final report, wrote, "The anti-obesity effects of LJ in high-fat-diet-fed mice may be partly mediated through delaying the intestinal absorption of dietary fat and carbohydrate by inhibiting digestive enzymes".


The findings suggested that chickweed methanolic extract may be considered an adjunct therapy in preventing weight gain in overweight and obese subjects.

Intake of methanolic extract of chickweed (S. media (MESM)) should be taken with extreme care, as acute liver toxicity has been reported in a number of cases.

However, further data collection on large example size and multi-centers studies performed with human consumption of chickweed during the course of the disease will be necessary to complete the picture of the wholefood anti-obesity possibilities.


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How-To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months


Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

References
(1)Antiobesity effect of Stellaria media against drug induced obesity in Swiss albino mice by Chidrawar VR1, Patel KN, Sheth NR, Shiromwar SS, Trivedi P.(PubMed)
(2) Quality assessment and anti-obesity activity of Stellaria media (Linn.) Vill by Rani N1, Vasudeva N, Sharma SK. (PubMed)
(3) Genetics of Obesity: What have we Learned? by Hélène Choquet1 and David Meyre. (PMC)
(4) Obesity: dietary and lifestyle management by Vesely JM1, DeMattia LG. (PubMed)

Tuesday 1 March 2022

Healthy Food Turmeric Inhibits the Brain Cell Damage Against the Onset of Memory Deficits

By Kyle J. Norton

Memory impairment is a condition associated with a slow decline in memory, thinking, and reasoning skills. Over time, the condition can worsen enough to affect the quality of life and daily activity.

Memory loss frequently is an early sign of memory deficit. Many factors can cause memory change. However, memory impairment in the elderly in most cases is associated with a gradual loss and death of neurons such as Alzheimer's disease.

Some memory changes can be resolved on their own or cured by medical treatment if the underlining cause is found. However, loss or gradual loss of neurons capacity cannot be revered such as dementia.

According to statistics, in the US, approximately 5.7 million people are living with dementia. The most common form of dementia is Alzheimer's disease, affecting 5.5 million people of all ages.


The most common risk factor associated with memory deficit is increasing age, smoking the genetic preposition of APOE-e4, also linked to Alzheimer's disease, obesity, and medical conditions such as diabetes, high blood pressure and depression, and physical inactivity.

Out of many risk factors, aging may be one of the major culprits that cause memory deficit in large numbers of older adults, leading to irreversible memory impairment such as AD and PD.

Dr. Gary W Small, said, "Memory changes cause concern to many patients as they grow older.". However, there are some factors that can decrease the progression of the condition, including stress reduction, physical and mental activity, a healthy diet, and lifestyle choices.
Turmeric is a perennial plant in the genus Curcuma, belongings to the family Zingiberaceae, native to tropical South Asia.

The herb has been used in traditional medicine as an anti-oxidant, hypoglycemic, colorant, antiseptic, wound healing agent, and to treat flatulence, bloating, appetite loss, ulcers, eczema, inflammations, etc.

On findings a potential compound that processes anti-neuro-degeneration, researchers examined the effects of curcumin on the early stage amnesia of AD related to memory retrieval deficit.


Selected Male NMRI mice (20-25 g body weight) included in the study were treated with 50 or 100 mg/kg/po curcumin or its vehicle for 10 days. During the experiment, the animals were trained in passive avoidance apparatus ar days 10 and 30 min. before the retention test that performs after 24 hours of curcumin or its vehicle application, scopolamine (1 mg/kg/i.p.) or its vehicle was administrated.

According to the tested analysis, curcumin treatment at 50 and 100 mg/kg doses not only inhibited the activity of scopolamine in the induction of memory retrieval deficit but also restored Akt and GSK dephosphorylation associated with neuroprotection against scopolamine.


In other words, curcumin at the tested concentration effectively protect the Akt and GSK pathways which play are a critical role in enhancing cell survival by stimulating cell proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis caused by scopolamine in the brain.

After taking others into account, Dr. Lv KJ, wrote in the final report, "pre-test scopolamine administration disrupts memory retrieval along with with with with the diminished Akt and GSK-3β phosphorylation in the hippocampus while curcumin administration prevented those changes."

Taken altogether, turmeric processed abundantly bioactive compound curcumin may be considered supplements for the prevention and treatment of memory retrieval deficit, pending the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of turmeric in the form of supplement should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You. How-To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months


Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) extract may prevent the deterioration of spatial memory and the deficit of estimated total number of hippocampal pyramidal cells of trimethyltin-exposed rats by Yuliani S1, Mustofa2, Partadiredja G. (PubMed)
(2) Curcumin ameliorates scopolamine-induced mice memory retrieval deficit and restores hippocampal p-Akt and p-GSK-3β by SoukhakLari R1, Moezi L2, Pirsalami F3, Ashjazadeh N4, Moosavi M. (PubMed)
(3) What we need to know about age related memory loss by Gary W Small, Parlow-Solomon professor on aging. (PMC)

Thursday 24 February 2022

Phytochemical Tocopherols Prevent the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Induced by Oxidative Stress

By Kyle J. Norton

Diabetes is a chronic condition caused by insufficient insulin entering the bloodstream to regulate glucose.

In other words, diabetes occurs when cells in the pancreas die off or receptor sites are clogged up by fat and cholesterol. In some cases, diabetes is also caused by allergic reactions of cells in the immune system.

According to statistics, diabetes is one of the most common diseases in the US. Approximately 10% or 29.1 million people in the United States have diabetes, accompanied by 8.1 million that are undiagnosed and unaware of their condition.

About 1.4 million new cases of diabetes are diagnosed in the United States every year. More than one in every 10 adults who are 20 years or older has diabetes.

The most common forms of Diabetes are
* Type 1 diabetes, also known as juvenile diabetes or insulin-dependent diabetes, the most common form of diabetes found in children is a condition in which the pancreas does not produce any insulin. The most common form of type 1 diabetes is caused by genetic mutations and viruses.

* Type 2 diabetes, the most common form of acquired diabetes in adulthood is a chronic condition that affects the body's metabolized glucose. In other words, most cases of type 2 diabetes are the result of insulin receptors clogged up by fat and cholesterol, leading to resisting the effects of the hormone insulin that regulates the movement of sugar into your cells.

* Gestational diabetes is a form of diabetes that can occur during pregnancy, affecting between 3% and 20% of pregnant women.

Women with gestational diabetes are at an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in later life.

Oxidative stress is a condition characterized by the imbalance of the ratio of free radicals and antioxidant enzymes.
type 2 
In some cases, oxidative stress can also be caused by the long-term accumulation of toxic substances in the body, such as lead, cadmium, mercury, and arsenic.

Tocopherols are phytochemicals of which many have vitamin E activity, belongings to the group of Lipids, found abundantly in butter, egg yolk, milk fat, some vegetable, and seed or nut oils, etc.

On finding a potential phytochemical for the treatment of diabetes, researchers examined the effect of α-tocopherol on bone marrow mesenchymal cells derived (BMMCs) from type II diabetes mellitus rats.

According to the experimental results of BMMCs either untreated or exposed to α-tocopherol at concentrations of 1.0, 10, and 100 μM, at the concentration of 100 μM, α-tocopherol showed no effect on cell proliferation, but the significantly increased H2O2 activity against the tested cells.

At 10 μM, α-tocopherol increased the gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β and TNF-α.

Furthermore, the concentration of 100 μM α-tocopherol exerted a lower expression of free radical catalase compared to the other concentrations.

Based on the findings, researchers said, "At a low concentration, α-tocopherol exerted good antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects on BMMCs" and

"Maintaining α-tocopherol at a low concentration might promote the recovery of BMMCs from oxidative stress".


Taken altogether, tocopherols may be considered a functional food for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes induced by oxidative stress, pending the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of tocopherols in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters 
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally 

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You. How-To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months


Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Effects of α-tocopherol on bone marrow mesenchymal cells derived from type II diabetes mellitus rats by Noguchi M1, Yamawaki I1, Takahashi S1, Taguchi Y1, Umeda M. (PubMed)

Tuesday 22 February 2022

Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) in the Management and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes

By Kyle J. Norton

Diabetes is a chronic condition caused by insufficient insulin entering the bloodstream to regulate glucose.

In other words, diabetes occurs when cells in the pancreas die off or receptor sites are clogged up by fat and cholesterol. In some cases, diabetes is also caused by allergic reactions of cells in the immune system.

The most common forms of Diabetes are
* Type 1 diabetes, also known as juvenile diabetes or insulin-dependent diabetes, the most common form of diabetes found in children is a condition in which the pancreas does not produce any insulin.

The most common form of type 1 diabetes is caused by genetic mutation and some viruses.

As of today, there is no cure for type 1 diabetes. Treatment is focusing on managing blood sugar levels with insulin injection, diet, and lifestyle change.

* Type 2 diabetes, the most common form of acquired diabetes in adulthood is a chronic condition that affects the body's metabolized glucose. In other words, most cases of type 2 diabetes are the result of insulin receptors clogged up by fat and cholesterol, leading to resisting the effects of the hormone insulin that regulates the movement of sugar into your cells.

* Gestational diabetes is a form of diabetes that can occur during pregnancy, affecting between 3% and 20% of pregnant women.

Women with gestational diabetes are at an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in later life.

* Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA), similar to type 1 diabetes, is a slow-progressing form of autoimmune diabetes. The disease is caused by the pancreas' inability to produce enough insulin, because of slowly die-off of insulin-producing cells in the pancreas.

LADA is also known as type 1.5 diabetes because the disease has characteristics of both type 1 (autoimmune in nature) and type 2 diabetes.

Therefore, LADA shares the same risk factors and symptoms similar to those types 1 and 2 diabetes.

Unlike type 2 diabetes, patients with LADA do not respond well to seems to lifestyle and medication as in type-2 diabetes in the long term. Medicine used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes does not halt or slow the progression of loss of pancreas beta cells.

Dandelion is a herbaceous perennial plant, genus Taraxacum, belongings to the family Asteraceae, native to temperate regions of the world. It has been used in traditional and herbal medicine to treat gout, eczema, acne, gall bladder, kidney, liver, and urinary disorders, hypoglycemia, dyspepsia with constipation, edema, blood pressure, heart weakness, chronic joint, skin diseases, etc.

On finding a natural ingredient for the prevention and treatment of chronic low-grade inflammatory diseases, scientists examined the dandelion anti-type 2 diabetes (T2D) activity.

According to test differentiation, the root of dandelion contains inulin, including fructooligosaccharides (FOS), a complex carbohydrate that normalizes blood sugar levels.

Other compounds chlorogenic and chicoric acid found in dandelion not only prevent obesity and inflammation but also have a strong impact on insulin secretion and sensitivity.

Other active compounds isolated from dandelion such as sesquiterpene lactones, triterpenes/phytosterols (taraxasterol), phenols, flavonoids, and phenolic acids also have demonstrated a series of anti-diabetic effects, due to the pharmacological actions of components.

In hyperglycemia, a hallmark in T2D fructooligosaccharides (FOS) exerted a significant activity that affects glucose homeostasis in oxidative stress, leading to auto-oxidation and protein glycation and increasing the production of lipid peroxide which in turn decreases the anti-oxidative defense induce β-cell dysfunction.

Furthermore, dandelion also manifests its anti-diabetic properties, through the inhibited renal glucose reabsorption and potassium channel flow, reduced the activity of carbohydrate enzymes (α-amylase with β-galactosidase and α-glucosidase), and reduced dietary blood sugar (which stimulates hepatic glycolysis and glycogenesis).

Based on the findings, researchers said, "Dandelion has been considered a key anti-diabetic plant because of its anti-hyperglycemic, anti-oxidative, and anti-inflammatory properties []. This is due to the various bioactive components present in dandelion, including polyphenolics, sesquiterpenes, triterpenes, and phytosterols".

Taken altogether, dandelion may be considered a remedy for the management and treatment of type 2 diabetes, pending the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters 
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally 

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You. How-To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months


Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) The Physiological Effects of Dandelion (Taraxacum Officinale) in Type 2 Diabetes by Wirngo FE1, Lambert MN1, Jeppesen PB. (PubMed)

Tuesday 1 February 2022

Herbal Ginger in Reducing the Risk of Hypertension and Hypertensive Complications

By Kyle J. Norton

Ginger may be considered a functional food for the prevention and treatment of hypertension and hypertension complications, some studies found.

Ginger (Zingiber officinale) or ginger root, the second superfood used for thousands of years by mankind, is the genus Zingiber, belonging to the family Zingiberaceae, native to Tamil.

The root has been used in traditional and Chinese medicine to treat dyspepsia, gastroparesis, constipation, edema, difficult urination, colic, etc.

Hypertension of high blood pressure is a chronic condition of abnormally high blood pressure.

It is one of the members of a cluster of metabolic syndrome associated with the onset of cardiovascular disease.

Believe it or not, people with high blood pressure are most likely to develop hyperglycemia (Anomaly high blood glucose) and hyperlipidemia (abnormally high blood cholesterol).

According to the statistic, approximately 1 in 3 adults in the US has high blood pressure, affecting over 75 million or 32% of the American adults (32%).


Some researchers suggested that high blood pressure can be caused by stress or an underlying condition, such as kidney disease.

However, an unhealthy diet is one of the most common risk factors in the development of the syndrome in the Western world that is caught the attention of many scientists.

Dr. Lydia A. Bazzano, the lead scientist in the study"Dietary Approaches to Prevent Hypertension", wrote, "Changes in diet can lower blood pressure, prevent the development of hypertension, and reduce the risk of hypertension-related complications".

"Dietary strategies for the prevention of hypertension include reducing sodium intake, limiting alcohol consumption, increasing potassium intake, and adopting an overall dietary pattern such as the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet or a Mediterranean diet".

These results clearly suggested that a diet rich in fruits and vegetables, whole grain, and less in saturated and trans fat, red meat, and processed foods are associated with the reduction of hypertension.

Unmanaged hypertension can lead to heart disease and stroke.

With an aim to find a natural ingredient or formula for the prevention and treatment of high blood pressure, researchers examine the effect of herbal treatment on blood pressure (BP) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

The clinical trial included 204 T2DM patients randomly assigned to four intervention groups receiving 3 g cinnamon, 3 g cardamom, 1 g saffron, or 3 g ginger with three glasses of black tea, and one control group consuming only three glasses of tea without any herbals, for 8 weeks.

All medicinal plants exerted a significant effect in lowering high blood pressure.

Ginger intake affected systolic BP compared to other medical plants' intake and control.

After taking into account co and confounders, Dr. Azimi P, the lead author said, "there was no significant difference between the plants in terms of ...... BP".

Additional differentiation of the anti-hypertension effect of ginger (Zingiber officinale) and turmeric (Curcuma longa), researchers examine the effect of dietary supplementation of these rhizomes in Nω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (l-NAME) induced hypertensive rats.


The study divided testes animals into seven groups (n = 10): normotensive control rats; induced (l-NAME hypertensive) rats; hypertensive rats treated with atenolol (10 mg/kg/day); normotensive and hypertensive rats treated with 4% supplementation of turmeric or ginger, respectively.

After 14 days of pre-treatment, the animals were induced with hypertension by oral administration of l-NAME (40 mg/kg/day).

Hypertensive rats significant (p < 0.05) showed hypertension-derived complications associated with platelet hyperactivity, a risk of cardiovascular disease compared to control.


In other words, ginger modulated the blood pressure and inhibited complications of high blood pressure in the initiation of the risk of cardiovascular disease.

Taken altogether, ginger used alone or combined with other medicinal plants may have a potential effect in reducing the risk of high blood pressure and high blood pressure complication.


However, further data collection large example size and multi-centers studies performed with human consumption of the whole food during the course of the disease will be necessary to complete the picture of herbal ginger anti-hypertension possibilities.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How-To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.



Sources
(1) Effect of cinnamon, cardamom, saffron and ginger consumption on bloodpressure and a marker of endothelial function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized controlled clinical trial. by Azimi P1,2, Ghiasvand R1,2, Feizi A3, Hosseinzadeh J1,2, Bahreynian M1,2, Hariri M1,2, Khosravi-Boroujeni H. (PubMed)
(2) Dietary Supplementation of Ginger and Turmeric Rhizomes Modulates Platelets Ectonucleotidase and Adenosine Deaminase Activities in Normotensive and Hypertensive Rats by Akinyemi AJ1,2,3, Thomé GR3, Morsch VM3, Bottari NB3, Baldissarelli J3, de Oliveira LS3, Goularte JF4, Belló-Klein A4, Oboh G1, Schetinger MR. (PubMed)
(3) Dietary Approaches to Prevent Hypertension by Lydia A. Bazzano, Torrance Green, Teresa N. Harrison, and Kristi Reynolds. (PMC)

Sunday 30 January 2022

Healthy Food Ginger May Process Anti Obesity Property, Researchers Say

By Kyle J Norton 

Ginger may be considered a functional food for the prevention and treatment of obesity without inducing side effects, some scientists found.

Obesity is a medical disease associated with extreme overweight.

In other words, obesity is the accumulation of excess fat to the extent that it may have an adverse effect on patient health.

According to the Body Mass Index(BMI), a BMI between 25 to 29.9 is considered overweight, and a BMI of over 30 is an indication of obesity.

According to the statistic, 68% of the American population is either overweight or obese.

What causes obesity? Some researchers suggested that too much calories consumption and lack of physical exercise are the 2 main causes of obesity in once healthy individuals.

Some scientists indicated, there is no coincidence but a close correlation between the onset of obesity in a large percentage of Americans and the promotion of the Western diet in the past few decades.

Dr. Bortolin RC, the lead researcher in the obese team in the joint study led by the Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde-Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS in the examine the new animal diet based on human Western diet said, "Obesity is a metabolic disorder that predisposes patients to numerous diseases and has become a major global public health concern".


And, " diet, and not the obese state, was the major driving force behind gut microbiota changes. Moreover, the marked dysbiosis observed in CAF-fed rats might have resulted from the presence of several additives present in the CAF diet, or even a lack of essential vitamins and minerals".

These results strongly suggested that the Western diet alters the gut microbiota composition (dysbiosis) probably due to substances found in the Western diet foods, that are not found in other diets, compared to the group treated with HFD developed the greatest dysbiosis independent of obesity

Ginger (Zingiber officinale) or ginger root, the second superfood used for thousands of years by mankind, is the genus Zingiber, belonging to the family Zingiberaceae, native to Tamil.

The root has been used in traditional and Chinese medicine to treat dyspepsia, gastroparesis, constipation, edema, difficult urination, colic, etc.

On finding natural ingredients or whole food for the treatment of obesity researchers examine the traditional use of ginger in an animal model.

Application of ginger in vivo and vitro demonstrated a potential anti-obesity effect in regulating the PPARγ signaling pathway in adipocytes in the initiation of obesity,

Diet-induced obesity was attenuated in C57BL/6J mice treated with the dietary ginger extract (GE)also exhibited an increase in energy expenditure.



GE also exerted an anti-obesity effect through promoting the increased number of Types I muscle fibers, running endurance capacity, and upregulated PPARδ-targeted gene expression in skeletal muscle

Furthermore, the cellular respiration assay also revealed that pretreating cultured skeletal muscle myotubes with GE increased palmitate-induced oxygen consumption rate, which suggested an increase in cellular fatty acid catabolism, another anti-obesity activity.

After taking into account co and confounders, researchers said, "6-Shogaol and 6-gingerol (the ginger bioactive constituents)may be responsible for the regulatory effects of dietary ginger on PPARδ signaling".

Moreover, additional investigation of ginger exerts protective on obesity and its complications, researchers showed that gingerenone A, a bioactive compound isolated from ginger had the most potent inhibitory effect on adipogenesis and lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells among ginger components at a single concentration (40 μM).

In vitro data, GA attenuates diet-induced obesity (DIO) by reducing fat mass in mice, accompanied by a modulation of fatty acid metabolism via activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in stimulating weight loss, in vitro and in vivo.

Dr.Suk S the lead author said in the final report, " GA may be used as a potential therapeutic candidate for the treatment of obesity and its complications by suppressing adipose expansion and inflammation".

Taken altogether, ginger processed abundant bioactive compounds may be considered a functional food in stimulating weight loss in obese subjects.


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

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Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma ISSN 0975-6299.





Sources
(1) Beneficial effects of ginger Zingiber officinale Roscoe on obesity and metabolic syndrome: a review by Wang J1,2, Ke W1, Bao R1, Hu X1,2, Chen F. (PubMed)
(2) Ginger extract prevents high-fat diet-induced obesity in mice via activation of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ pathway by Misawa K1, Hashizume K2, Yamamoto M3, Minegishi Y4, Hase T5, Shimotoyodome A. (PubMed)
(3) Gingerenone A, a polyphenol present in ginger, suppresses obesity and adipose tissue inflammation in high-fat diet-fed mice by Suk S1, Kwon GT2, Lee E1, Jang WJ1, Yang H1, Kim JH3, Thimmegowda NR4, Chung MY1, Kwon JY5, Yang S1, Kim JK1,5, Park JHY2,3, Lee KW. (PubMed)
(4) A new animal diet based on human Western diet is a robust diet-induced obesity model: comparison to high-fat and cafeteria diets in term of metabolic and gut microbiota disruption by Bortolin RC1, Vargas AR1, Gasparotto J1, Chaves PR1, Schnorr CE1, Martinello KB2, Silveira AK1, Rabelo TK3, Gelain DP1, Moreira JCF. (PubMed)

Wednesday 19 January 2022

Phytochemical Tocopherols Kill Glioma Cancer Cells in Vitro

By Kyle J. Norton


A glioma is a type of tumor that starts in the glial cells of the brain or the spine, comprising 30 percent of all brain tumors and central nervous system tumors.

Heterogeneous tumor cells of glioma are the type of cancer associated with genetic alterations that occur in individual tumors originating in the same organ.

Primary glioblastoma is considered the most aggressive cancer. Cancer may arise de novo, meaning they begin as a Grade IV malignant glioma tumor with no evidence.

Due to the rapid growth of the tumor, patients diagnosed with primary glioblastoma experience brain swelling and increased brain pressure, leading to symptoms of nausea, vomiting, and severe headaches and localized symptoms depending on the location of the tumor.

Radiation and chemotherapy are the most common forms of treatment for patients with glioblastoma particularly, in a tumor that cannot be removed with surgery.

According to the statistic, the median survival time of primary glioblastoma is approximately 3 months without medical treatment. Glioblastomas represent about 15% of all primary brain tumors.

Believe it or not, gliomas have been found accounting for 30 percent of all brain tumors and central nervous system tumors, and 80 percent of all malignant brain tumors.

Glioma can be classified into 3 types, including
* Astrocytomas are found in glial cells, star-shaped brain cells in the cerebrum called astrocytes. Most astrocytomas are localized.

* Ependymomas are cancers that grow in your brain or any part of the spine, including your neck and upper and lower back starting from the ependymal cells in the middle of your spinal cord and fluid-filled spaces in your brain.

* Oligodendrogliomas are cancers that begin on the oligodendrocytes of the brain or from a glial precursor cell.

The exact cause is unknown. Epidemiologically, age, exposure to radiation and family history are common risk factors that cause the onset of the disease,

Tocopherols are phytochemicals of which many have vitamin E activity, belonging to the group of Lipids, found abundantly in butter, egg yolk, milk fat, some vegetable, and seed or nut oils, etc.

On finding a most effective approach to glioma treatment, researchers examined the effects of a pH-sensitive core-shell nanoparticle (PDCP-NP) that targets the cancer stem cells (CSCs) and the differentiated tumor cells.

Where PDCP-NP is a cationic micellar core (Cur-M) that was first prepared from d-α-tocopherol-grafted-ε-polylysine polymer to encapsulate the hydrophobic curcumin, followed by dopamine-modified-poly-γ-glutamic acid polymer further deposited on its surface as an anion shell through pH-sensitive linkage to encapsulate the hydrophilic doxorubicin (DOX) hydrochloride with the control of the combinational Cur/DOX molar ratio at 3:1.

According to the analysis, PDCP-NP showed a ratiometric delivery capability to target cancer stem cells (CSCs) and the differentiated tumor cells in vitro and Vivo, compared to those of the cocktail Cur/DOX solution.

Treatment with PDCP-NP displayed a significantly decreased percentage of CSCs in tumors from 4.16% to 0.95%.

Based on the results, researchers said, " PDCP-NP may be a promising carrier for the combination therapy with drug candidates having dissimilar physicochemical properties".

Taken altogether, tocopherols used in a combination with other phytochemicals and chemo drugs may be considered an adjunct therapy for the treatment of glioma, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of tocopherols in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters 
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally 

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You. How-To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months


Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Ratiometric delivery of two therapeutic candidates with inherently dissimilar physicochemical property through pH-sensitive core-shell nanoparticles targeting the heterogeneous tumor cells of glioma by Xu HL1, Fan ZL1, ZhuGe DL1, Tong MQ1, Shen BX1, Lin MT1, Zhu QY1, Jin BH1, Sohawon Y2,3, Yao Q1, Zhao YZ. (PubMed)