Tuesday, 12 April 2022

Turmeric Exerts Anti Hypertension Activity in Vivos

By Kyle J. Norton

High blood pressure or hypertension is a condition of abnormally high blood pressure in the arteries. Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against the walls of the arteries as the heart pumps out blood.

High blood pressure is also a condition in the cluster of metabolic syndrome associated with the increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), and diabetes.

Depending on the levels of blood pressure, most patients with high blood pressure are asymptomatic, However, long-term very high blood pressure has been found to induce dizziness and light head, shortness of breath, nosebleeds, flushing, chest pain, and visual changes.

Some medical conditions such as kidney disease and long-term stress are associated with high blood pressure.

According to the American hypertension Association, long-term untreated high blood pressure can induce complications that reduce or obstruct the function of the heart and blood vessels, leading to heart attack, stroke, and heart failure.

Conventional hypertensive medications have undoubtedly prevented many deaths from heart disease in the past 30 years, but they have many side effects.

If you are currently taking hypertensive medicine, please make sure you know all the side effects of the preventive measure.

Some researchers also found that excessive energy intake and obesity are major causes of hypertension.

Dr. Savica V, the lead author in the study "The effect of nutrition on blood pressure" wrote, "Obesity is associated with increased activity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone and sympathetic nervous systems, possibly other mineralocorticoid activity, insulin resistance, salt-sensitive hypertension, and excess salt intake, and reduced kidney function. High sodium chloride intake strongly predisposes to hypertension".

And, "Increased alcohol consumption may acutely elevate blood pressure. High intakes of potassium, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and protein, along with exercise and possibly vitamin D, may reduce blood pressure".

Turmeric is a perennial plant in the genus Curcuma, belongings to the family Zingiberaceae, native to tropical South Asia.



The herb has been used in traditional medicine as an anti-oxidant, hypoglycemic, colorant, antiseptic, wound healing agent, and for the treatment of flatulence, bloating, appetite loss, ulcers, eczema, inflammations, etc.

On findings of a potential compound for the treatment of high blood pressure, researchers examined the effects of ginger (Zingiber officinale) and turmeric (Curcuma longa) on a hypertensive animal model.

Selected rats induced hypertension by oral administration of Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride, 40 mg/kg body weight to the study were divided into seven groups (n = 10).
* The groups 1-3 included normotensive control rats, hypertensive (Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride) rats, and hypertensive control rats treated with atenolol (an antihypertensive drug).

* Groups 4 and 5 included normotensive and hypertensive (Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride) rats treated with 4 % supplementation of turmeric, respectively.

* Groups 6 and 7 included normotensive and hypertensive rats treated with 4 % supplementation of ginger, respectively.

During the experiment, researchers found that Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride hypertensive rats showed a significant increase in ATP and ADP hydrolysis, adenosine deaminase involved in purine metabolism, and acetylcholinesterase involved in the regulation of blood vessel tone compared to the control rats.

In other words, the injection of Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride causes the increase of enzymes associated with the constriction of blood vessel tone, blocking the blood vessel dilatation and blood flow through the coronary blood vessels.

Furthermore, Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride rats also demonstrated an elevated production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1 and - 6, interferon-γ, and tumor necrosis factor-α) and reduced levels of an anti-inflammatory cytokine such as interleukin-10, a leading cause of the increase in arterial stiffness and risk of CVD.

Moreover, increased butyrylcholinesterase activity associated with chronic inflammation was also found in the Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride rats.

However, all parameters caused by the injection of Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride involved in the onset of hypertension were totally inhibited by the application of ginger (Zingiber officinale) and turmeric (Curcuma longa).


Based on the findings, researchers said, "these activities could suggest a possible insight about the protective mechanisms of the rhizomes against hypertension-related inflammation."


Taken altogether, turmeric used alone or in combination with ginger may be considered supplements for the prevention and treatment of hypertension, pending the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of turmeric in the form of a supplement should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Dietary Supplementation of Ginger and Turmeric Rhizomes Modulates Platelets Ectonucleotidase and Adenosine Deaminase Activities in Normotensive and Hypertensive Rats by Akinyemi AJ1,2,3, Thomé GR3, Morsch VM3, Bottari NB3, Baldissarelli J3, de Oliveira LS3, Goularte JF4, Belló-Klein A4, Oboh G1, Schetinger MR. (PubMed)
(2) Effect of Ginger and Turmeric Rhizomes on Inflammatory Cytokines Levels and Enzyme Activities of Cholinergic and Purinergic Systems in Hypertensive Rats by Akinyemi AJ1, Thomé GR2, Morsch VM2, Bottari NB2, Baldissarelli J2, de Oliveira LS2, Goularte JF3, Belló-Klein A3, Duarte T4, Duarte M4, Boligon AA5, Athayde ML5, Akindahunsi AA1, Oboh G1, Schetinger MR. (PubMed)
(3) The effect of nutrition on blood pressure by Savica V1, Bellinghieri G, Kopple JD(PubMed)

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