Kyle J. Norton
Gingivitis or gingival inflammation is a condition of inflammation of the gum caused by overexpression of plaques accumulated on your teeth that irritate the gingiva. Over time, the gum of an infected person has become swollen and bleed easily.
In severe cases, the condition can lead to periodontal disease, inducing tooth decay or loss of the tooth.
Most of the cases of gingivitis are associated with poor hygiene, particularly in people who smoke.
Patients can reverse gingivitis if they follow good oral health habits, including brushing at least twice a day, flossing daily, and getting regular dental checkups.
The most common symptoms of gingivitis include swollen gums with a dusky red or dark red color and bleeding easily when brushing or floss, particularly breathing.
According to the statistics provided by the CDC, smoking is an important cause of severe gum disease in the US.
Dr. Fouad H. Al-Bayaty, the lead scientist in the study of "The Influence of Cigarette Smoking on Gingival Bleeding and Serum Concentrations of Haptoglobin and Alpha 1-Antitrypsin" wrote,
"Duration of smoking (years) and the cotinine level in serum showed a significant correlation with plaque index. The present analysis demonstrated that the duration of smoking in years, but not the number of cigarettes smoked per day, was associated with reduced gingival bleeding in smokers".
Bilberry is a species of low-growing shrubs in the genus Vaccinium, belonging to the family Ericaceae, native to Northern Europe.
The plant has been used as herbs in traditional medicine for the treatment of acute and chronic diarrhea, gastritis, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, enterocolitis, ulcerative colitis, anemia, cystitis, kidney disease, psoriasis, diabetes, etc.
With an aim to find a natural source for the treatment of gingival inflammation, researchers investigated the effect of bilberry consumption on the outcome of routine dental clinical parameters such as inflammation, bleeding on probing (BOP), and biomarkers of inflammation.
The study included individuals who did not receive standard-of-care treatment allocated to either a placebo group or to groups that consumed either 250 or 500 g bilberries daily over seven days compared to the placebo group that consumed an inactive product (starch).
During the study, The mean of the groups that consumed either 250 or 500 g of bilberries/day showed a reduction in BOP before and after consumption of test product over 1 week was 41% and 59% compared to 31% in the placebo group, and 58% in the standard of a care reference group.
The group that consumed 500 g of bilberries/day also showed a significant reduction of the pro-inflammatory cytokine levels compared to the consumed 250 g of bilberries/day group.
The results strongly suggested that bilberry inhibited proinflammatory proteins linearly in a dose-dependent manner observed by the reduction of levels of IL-1b, IL-6, and VEGF.
Based on the findings, researchers wrote, " It appears that berry intake has an ameliorating effect on some markers of gingival inflammation-reducing gingivitis to a similar extent compared to standard of care".
Taken altogether, bilberry may be considered a functioning remedy for the treatment of gingival inflammation, pending the validation of a larger sample size and multicenter human study.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All rights reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10,000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, Best Before it's news, the Karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for Shorty Award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
References
(1) Consumption of bilberries controls gingival inflammation by Widén C1, Coleman M2, Critén S3, Karlgren-Andersson P4, Renvert S5,6,7, Persson GR. (PubMed)
(2) The Influence of Cigarette Smoking on Gingival Bleeding and Serum Concentrations of Haptoglobin and Alpha 1-Antitrypsin by Fouad H. Al-Bayaty,1 NorAdinar Baharuddin,2 Mahmood A. Abdulla,3 Hapipah Mohd Ali,4 Magaji B. Arkilla,5 and Mustafa F. ALBayaty. (Hindawi)
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