Cardioprotection is an action that contributes to the protection of heart and blood vessels integrity against damage or injury, including heart diseases, and stroke.
In other words, cardioprotection is a process in which substances or medicines are used including an herbal remedy to protect heart muscle tissues against ischemic insult and deoxygenation injury.
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a class of conditions associated with the dysfunction of the arteries and heart, affecting the heart functioning.
According to the statistics provided by the CDC, heart disease is the leading cause of death for both men and women. Men are associated with 1/2 of the deaths due to heart disease in 2015 were in men, comapred to women.
Believe it or not, more than 63),000 Americans die from heart disease each year or 1 in every 4 deaths are caused by heart disease.
On another hand, stroke is a medical condition caused by poor blood flow to the brain, leading to brain cell death in the affected region.
The most common types of stroke are ischemic stroke associated with the obstruction of a blood vessel supplying blood to the brain and hemorrhagic stroke associated with small blood vessel ruptures. The most common cause of stroke is unmanaged high blood pressure.
The US statistics indicate that stroke is the leading cause of long-term disability in the United States. Each year, more than 79o,000 people suffer a stroke, including 600,000 of first attacks, and 185,000 recurrent attacks.
Coronary artery disease caused by narrowing of the arteries, heart attack, abnormal heart rhythms, or arrhythmias and stroke is the most common type of cardiovascular disease found in the Western world.
The most common symptoms of CVD include persistent fatigue, shortness of breath, irregular heartbeat, chest pain, and fainting.
If you have some of the aforementioned symptoms, please make sure that you check with your doctor to rule out the CVD possibility.
The exact causes of cardiovascular diseases are unidentified. However, according to epidemiological studies, the most prevalent factor that causes an increased risk of CVD is an unhealthy lifestyle correlated to the promotion of the Western diet.
Dr. Oikonomou E and colleagues in the joint study led by the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens wrote, "... Western dietary pattern (increased intake of fat, red meat, and carbohydrates and minimal consumption of fruits and green leafy vegetables) was predictive of severe CAD (area under the curve: 0.73, 95% confidence intervals: 0.64-0.83, P < .001)".
And, "an unhealthy Western type of diet is associated with the severity of coronary artery lesions in patients with stable CAD. These findings highlight the role of dietary patterns when estimating cardiovascular risk for the management of patients with CAD".
The results strongly suggested that lifestyle change has a strong implication in the prevention of CVD.
Cranberry is an evergreen dwarf shrub, genus Vaccinium, belonging to the family Ericaceae, native to Northern America and Southern Asia. Because of its health benefits, cranberry has been cultivated in some parts of the world for commercial profit and used in traditional and herbal medicine to treat wounds, urinary disorders, diarrhea, diabetes, stomach ailments, and liver problems.
In finding a potential compound for the treatment of heart disease and stroke, researchers examined the efficacy of cranberry supplementation on cardiovascular disease metabolic risk factors in adult populations.
The systematic review is conducted by searching the databases of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar up to June 2018, to identify randomized controlled trials investigating the effect of cranberry supplementation on cardiovascular metabolic risk factors.
According to the results from the review of the pooled effect size, cranberry administration decreased the risk of CVD by significantly reducing systolic blood pressure and body mass index.
However, other parameters associated with the metabolic risks such as triacylglycerol, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, fasting plasma glucose, fasting insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, diastolic blood pressure, waist circumference, C-reactive protein, and intercellular adhesion molecule were not changed much after cranberry administration.
Furthermore, the reduction of SBP was more pronounced in patients with age ≥50 comapred to the younger age group.
Moreover, comapred to no change in supplemental administration, there was also a significant increase in high-density lipoprotein concentrations in subgroups with subjects <50 mean age and triacylglycerol levels in subsets with cranberry administered in juice form.
Based on the findings, researchers concluded. " cranberry supplementation may be effective in managing systolic blood pressure, body mass index, and high-density lipoprotein in younger adults. Further high-quality studies are needed to confirm these results.".
Taken together, cranberry may be considered a remedy for the prevention and treatment of CVD, pending the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All rights reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10,000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, Best Before it's news, the karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for Shorty Award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) The effects of cranberry on cardiovascular metabolic risk factors: A systematic review and meta-analysis by Pourmasoumi M1, Hadi A2, Najafgholizadeh A3, Joukar F4, Mansour-Ghanaei F. (PubMed)
(2) Western Dietary Pattern Is Associated With Severe Coronary Artery Disease by Oikonomou E1, Psaltopoulou T2, Georgiopoulos G1, Siasos G1,3, Kokkou E1, Antonopoulos A1, Vogiatzi G1, Tsalamandris S1, Gennimata V1, Papanikolaou A1, Tousoulis D. (PubMed)
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