Sunday 12 July 2020

Omega -3 Fatty Acids DO NOT Exert Anti-Inflammatory Activity on Colon Cancer Surgery

By Kyle J. Norton

The colon formed part of the digestive system also is known as the large bowel or large intestine with a function to reabsorb fluids and process and secret waste products from the body.

Colon cancer is a chronic condition caused by cell growth irregularly and disorderly in the colon due to the alternation of DNA.

Most cases of colon cancer start in the cells on the surface of the inner lining of the colon. At this stage, patients may not experience any symptoms.

Colon cancer is one most slow-growing cancer compared to other cancers. In some patients, colon cancer may exist in the colon more than 20 years before it is discovered. Therefore, only 39% of colon cancer is diagnosed in the early stage, which orchestrates more incidences of death compared to other cancers.

After penetrating deeper into the colon layer, the cancer cells may travel a distance away to infect other healthy tissue and organs through the fluids and blood circulation.

At this stage, the increased size of the tumor may suppress the nearby tissue, organs or nerve cells causing localized symptoms and severe pain.

Most common colon cancer metastasis are the lungs, liver.

According to the epidemiological studies, the most common risk factors of colon cancer are older
age, ethnicity, personal and family history of colorectal cancer or polyps, inflammatory intestinal conditions.

According to the statistic provided by the American Cancer Society, in 2019, approximately, 101,420 new cases of colon cancer will be diagnosed. Colon cancer also causes the death of 51,020 deaths. during 2019.

The lifetime risk associated with the onset of colorectal cancer is 1 in 22 (4.49%) for men and 1 in 24 (4.15%) for women.

Omega-3 fatty acids are phytochemicals in the class of lipids, found abundantly in deepsea fisk, dark-green leafy vegetables, grains, legumes, nuts, etc.

The three main components of Omega-3 fatty acids are alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA).

On finding a potential phytochemical for the treatment of chronic diseases, researchers examined the effects of perioperative intravenous n-3 PUFAs on inflammatory cytokines in colon cancer surgery.

A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial included 44 patients undergoing elective colon resection for nonmetastasized cancer that were randomly assigned to 2 intravenous n-3 PUFA (n=21)or saline (n=23) control infusions the night before and the morning after surgery. 

Patient and operation characteristics were equal between groups, except for open resection (saline n = 5 compared with n-3 PUFA n = 0, P = 0.056)
Based on the evidence from the experiment,
* Ex-vivo, pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 after LPS stimulation was significantly higher in the n-3 PUFA group on the first day after surgery (P = 0.014), but not different at the second day after surgery (P = 0.467).

* White blood cell count was higher in the n-3 PUFA group on the fourth day after surgery (P = 0.029).

* There were more patients with infectious complications in the n-3 PUFA group (8 compared with 3, P = 0.036).

* There were no overall differences in serum IL-6, IL-10, C-reactive protein, and length of stay.

* The administration of n-3 PUFAs resulted in rapid increases in leukocyte membrane n-3 PUFA content.

Based on the findings, researchers said, " In the n-3 PUFA group a clear relation with serum and LPS-stimulated cytokines was not found but, unexpectedly, more infectious complications occurred ".

Taken altogether, Omega-3 fatty acids doe not show anti-inflammatory activity on patients undergoing elective colon resection for nonmetastasized cancer,  pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of Omega-3 fatty acids in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.


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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Effects of perioperative intravenous ω-3 fatty acids in colon cancer patients: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial by Bakker N1,2, van den Helder RS1, Stoutjesdijk E3, van Pelt J1, Houdijk APJ. (PubMed)

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