Wednesday 29 July 2020

Cranberry in the Promotion of Metabolic Health

By Kyle J. Norton

Metabolic health refers to ideal levels of blood sugar, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, blood pressure, and waist circumference, without using medications.

Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of conditions associated with the increased risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes.

The health problems found in the group include too much fat around the waist, elevated blood pressure, high triglycerides, elevated blood sugar, and low HDL cholesterol.

In other words, if you have 3 of the conditions in the group, your risk of CVD and diabetes are increased substantially, compared to those who have less.

According to the statistics, approximately 30% of people in the US are living with metabolic syndrome.

Believe it or not, among US adults aged 18 years or older, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome rose by more than 35% from 1988–1994 to 2007–2012, increasing from 25.3% to 34.2%. 

Metabolic dysfunction is a condition caused by any interruption of the aforementioned processes.
In other words, metabolic dysfunction induces the production of excess or a reduced amount of substances needed to stay healthy.

A metabolic disorder can be caused by genetic proposition induced inborn errors of metabolism, or acquired by an individual in the lifetime

There are many risk factors associated with the onset of metabolic dysfunction depending on the types of disruption such as abnormal blood glucose metabolism induced type 2 diabetes.

Diseases associated with metabolic dysfunction can be moderate or severe, depending on the organs involved, including liver or respiratory failure, cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD, includes emphysema and chronic bronchitis), and HIV/AIDS.

Cranberry is an evergreen dwarf shrub, genus Vaccinium, belongings to the family Ericaceae, native to Northern America and Southern Asia. Because of its health benefits, cranberry has been cultivated in some parts of the world for commercial profit and used in traditional and herbal medicine to treat wounds, urinary disorders, diarrhea, diabetes, stomach ailments, and liver problems.

On finding a potential compound for the promotion of metabolic health, researchers evaluated the effects of isomalto-oligosaccharides (IMOs; sweet-tasting non-digestible oligosaccharides) with cranberry extract (CRX) on a high fat diet (HFD)-induced metabolic alterations in a mice model.

More precisely, Male Swiss albino mice included in the study were fed normal chow or HFD (58% fat kcal) and were administered either CRX (200 mg/kg) alone or in combination with IMOs (1 g/kg).

Based on the tested analysis, the co-supplementation of CRX and IMOs showed a significant improvement of cecal short-chain fatty acids, SCFAs, especially butyrate-producing bacteria (clostridial cluster XIVa bacteria) and butyrate kinase expression in HFD-fed mice.

In other words, the co-supplementation of CRX and IMOs promotes the growth of the population of good bacteria in balancing the ratio of gut bacteria. 

Furthermore, compared to individual compounds, the combination also significantly improved gut beneficial bacterial abundance, gut histology and related changes in the tested mice.

More precisely, the combination not only prevented HFD-induced systemic and tissue inflammation, glucose intolerance but also reduced the systemic obesity-associated metabolic changes in adipose tissue and liver.

The combination of CRX and IMOs appeared more effective in the prevention of HFD-induced gut derangements.

Collectively, researchers said, "Combination of CRX and IMOs could be advantageous for normalization of metabolic alterations seen in diet-induced obesity via beneficial modulation of gastrointestinal health".


Taken altogether, cranberry combined with other herbal medicine may be considered a remedy for the management of metabolic health, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)

Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Co-supplementation of isomalto-oligosaccharides potentiates metabolic health benefits of polyphenol-rich cranberry extract in high fat diet-fed mice via enhanced gut butyrate production by Singh DP1,2,3, Singh S1, Bijalwan V1, Kumar V1, Khare P1, Baboota RK1,4, Singh P1, Boparai RK5, Singh J1, Kondepudi KK6, Chopra K7, Bishnoi M. (PubMed)

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