By Kyle J. Norton
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome is defined as endocrinologic diseases among reproductive-age women caused by undeveloped follicles clumping on the ovaries that interferes with the function of the normal ovaries associated with a high risk for metabolic disorder(1) as resulting of enlarged ovaries(2), leading to hormone imbalance(excessive androgen and anti-müllerian hormone (AMH) )(1)(3)(4)(5), induced Hirsutism(6)(7), reproductive disorder(10(12)), risks of type 2 diabetes(9)(10)(11), metabolic syndrome(10)(12) and early cardiovasular disease(8)(13), acne(10)(14), endometrial cancer(18)(19),weight gain and obesity(15)(16)(17). The syndrome effects over 5% of women population or 1 in 20 women. Unfortunately, according to studies, women with PCOs after the reproductive age, are associated to continuously increase risk of type II diabetes, with no increasing altered glucose tolerance(20), CVD and hypertension(21).
Traditional Chinese Perspective In Management and Treatment of PCOs
While conventional medicine focus of using synthetic medication to induce ovulation and assisted artificial insemination for infertility couple, if the medicine fail, traditional Chinese medicine views polycystic ovarian syndrome in different approaches. Polycystic ovary syndrome, according to traditional Chinese medicine is a medical condition characterized by accumulative of fluid over a prolonged period of time causes of dampness and phlegms(1247a)(1247b) build up on the ovaries due to the effects of vary differentiations, affecting not only the women’s menstrual cycle, but also ovulation and fertility(1247a)(1247b).
PCOs Treatment according traditional Chinese medicine
Depending to differentiation, most common diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome can be classified into
Kidney yin deficiency
Along with common symptoms mentioned above, women with PCOs diagnosed with kidney yin deficiency may also experience yin vacuity induced cold expressive syndrome, including soreness of waist and knees(1848), lassitude(1848) and fatigue(1848), short breath(1848), poor appetite(1848), aversion to cold(184), cold extremities(1848), ringing in the ears(1850), migraine(1849), hearing problems(1850), a dry mouth and throat(1851), pale fingernails(1851), tidal fever(1851)and night sweating(1851), soles(1851) and chest(1851), constipation(1852),,......... as the kidneys no longer perform their functions of regulating fluid in moistening and nourishing organs and tissues of the body. According to TCM, too much cold/raw foods can aggravate the condition.
In the review of the Data base provided by PubMed, kidney yin deficiency may induce functional impairment or metabolic derangements in vital organs/tissues(1853) persuaded a conglomeration of sundry chronic disease state(1853), cognitive dysfunction(1854), vasomotor symptoms(1855),..... leading to accumulation of fluid in the body organ, promoted accentuation of inflammatory development of phlegm.
Kidney yin deficiency has shown to alter amino acid metabolism(1856), energy metabolism(1856) and gut microflora(1856), anovulatory infertility(1857) and
hypertension(1858), hyperinsulinemia(1859) and hyperandrogenia(1859)..... of which related to symptoms of PCOs(1859).
4. Xi yang shen(Panax quinquefolium L., American ginseng)
North America Ginseng is also known as P. quinquefolius American ginseng (root), is considered as yin promoting, as the roots is growth from a hot area, according to traditional Chinese medicine(1972). Ginseng North America has been used in TCM as anti cancers(1974)(1975)(1976), anti psychotic(1977)(1979), anti inflammatory(1980)(1981) and antioxidant(1979)(1982), immumomodulatory(1983)(1984), CNS protective(1979)(1978)(1981), wound healing(1979) advocate and to relive pain(1991)(1992) and treat sexual dysfunction(1985)(1986), quench thirst(1973), heal deficiency of lungs(1973)and chronic asthma(1987) and to treat fatigue(1988)(1989), chronic fever(1990),... by enhancing heart, lung and kidney channels(1973).
Chemical constituents(1973)
1. Octanol
2. Hexanoic acid
3. Pindecane
4. Pinocarveol
5. Octanoic acid
7. Dodecane
8. 3-phenylhexane
9. 1-phenylhexane
10. Pulegone
11. Beta-farnesene
12. Alpha-curcumene,
13. Alpha-cedrene
14. Beta-bisabolene
15. Beta-caryophyllene
16. Caproic acid
17. Heptanoic acid
18. Caprylic acid
19. Nonanoic acid
20. Palmitic acid
21. stearic acid
22. octadecenoic acid
23. Linoleic acid
24. Etc.
Xi yang shen containing a similar ingredients of panax gingseng with opposite cool and warm in nature has found no different for prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome in pharmaceutical single or combined ingredient withdrawal(1994)(1995), The whole herb has exhibited positive effects on islet protection(1994) insulin sensitve(1994)(1995)(1996), hypertensive(1993)(1996), anti hyperglycaemic(1993)(1994), anti hyperlipidemic(1993)(1996), , obesity(1993)(1994), through its carbohydrate(2001)(2003) and lipid metabolism(2002)(2003).......induced complications of diabetes(1999)(2000) and cardiovascular disease(1997)(1998)(1981) through enhancement of stroke volume, ejection fraction, cardiac output, and left ventricle pressure(2003).
Xi yang shen containing a similar ingredients of panax gingseng with opposite cool and warm in nature has found no different for prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome in pharmaceutical single or combined ingredient withdrawal(1994)(1995), The whole herb has exhibited positive effects on islet protection(1994) insulin sensitve(1994)(1995)(1996), hypertensive(1993)(1996), anti hyperglycaemic(1993)(1994), anti hyperlipidemic(1993)(1996), , obesity(1993)(1994), through its carbohydrate(2001)(2003) and lipid metabolism(2002)(2003).......induced complications of diabetes(1999)(2000) and cardiovascular disease(1997)(1998)(1981) through enhancement of stroke volume, ejection fraction, cardiac output, and left ventricle pressure(2003).
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
References
(1) Adiposity and metabolic dysfunction in polycystic ovary syndrome by Sam S.(PubMed)
(2) A "kiss" before conception: triggering ovulation with kisspeptin-54 may improve IVF by Young SL.(PubMed)
(3.) Androgen hyperfunction and excessive heterosexual hair growth in women, with special attention to the polycystic ovarian syndrome by Lunde O1.(PubMed)
(4) Expression of anti-Müllerian hormone in letrozole rat model of polycystic ovary syndrome by Du DF1, Li XL, Fang F, Du MR.(PubMed)
(5) [Serum levels of anti-muller hormone in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and healthy women of reproductive age].[Article in Bulgarian] by Parahuleva N, Pehlivanov B, Orbecova M, Deneva T, Uchikova E.(PubMed)
(6) [Current opinions on the etiology and pathophysiology of hirsutism].[Article in Polish] by Krysiak R1, Kedzia A, Okopień B.(PubMed)
(7) The clinical evaluation of hirsutism by Somani N1, Harrison S, Bergfeld WF.(PubMed)
(8) Polycystic ovary syndrome and insulin: our understanding in the past, present and future by Mayer SB1, Evans WS, Nestler JE.(PubMed)
(9) Association of mean platelet volume with androgens and insulin resistance in nonobese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome by Dogan BA1, Arduc A2, Tuna MM1, Karakılıc E1, Dagdelen I1, Tutuncu Y1, Berker D1, Guler S1.(PubMed)
(10) Approach to the patient: contraception in women with polycystic ovary syndrome by Yildiz BO1.(PubMed)
(11) Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS): a significant contributor to the overall burden of type 2 diabetes in women by Talbott EO1, Zborowski JV, Rager JR, Kip KE, Xu X, Orchard TJ.(PubMed)
(12) Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Slovak women with polycystic ovary syndrome and its relation to metabolic and reproductive abnormalities by Figurová J1, Dravecká I, Javorský M, Petríková J, Lazúrová I.(PubMed)
(13) Role of Insulin Sensitizers on Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis by Thethi TK1, Katalenich B2, Nagireddy P3, Chabbra P4, Kuhadiya N5, Fonseca V1.(PubMed)
(14) Acne in hirsute women by Lumezi BG1, Pupovci HL1, Berisha VL1, Goçi AU2, Gerqari A3.(PubMed)
(15) Obesity and polycystic ovary syndrome by Naderpoor N1, Shorakae S, Joham A, Boyle J, De Courten B, Teede HJ.(PubMed)
(16) Polycystic ovary syndrome: a complex condition with psychological, reproductive and metabolic manifestations that impacts on health across the lifespan by Teede H1, Deeks A, Moran L.(PubMed)
(17) Metabolic Evidence of Diminished Lipid Oxidation in Women WithPolycystic Ovary Syndrome. by Whigham LD1, Butz DE2, Dashti H3, Tonelli M3, Johnson LK1, Cook ME2, Porter WP4, Eghbalnia HR5, Markley JL6, Lindheim SR7, Schoeller DA8, Abbott DH9, Assadi-Porter FM10.(PubMed)
(18) Risk of endometrial, ovarian and breast cancer in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Barry JA1, Azizia MM1, Hardiman PJ2.(PubMed)
(19) Risk of cancer among women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a Danish cohort study by Gottschau M1, Kjaer SK2, Jensen A1, Munk C1, Mellemkjaer L3.(PubMed)
(20) Polycystic ovary syndrome: metabolic consequences and long-term management by Carmina E1.(PubMed)
(21) Arterial stiffness is increased in asymptomatic nondiabetic postmenopausal women with a polycystic ovary syndrome phenotype by Armeni E1, Stamatelopoulos K, Rizos D, Georgiopoulos G, Kazani M, Kazani A, Kolyviras A, Stellos K, Panoulis K, Alexandrou A, Creatsa M, Papamichael C, Lambrinoudaki I.(PubMed)
(1246) [Clinical study of area of Jiangsu province of polycystic ovarian syndrome correlation distribution of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome type and improper diet]. [Article in Chinese] by Feng Y, Gao YP.(PubMed)
(1247) [Preliminary study on relationship of disease-syndrome-symptom of ovulatory disorder infertility based on factor analysis]. [Article in Chinese] by Li M, Ma K, Shan, J.(PubMed)
(1247a) A Comprehensive Treatment of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) by Liqin Zhao(1848) ontrolled trail on moxibustion for maintenance hemodialysis patients in deficiency syndrome]. [Article in Chinese] Li N1, Qiu MY, Hao JR, Zhang QM, Wang SH, Liang F, Yin Y, Luan J, Ge GZ, Qin T, Li BQ.(PubMed)
(1848) ontrolled trail on moxibustion for maintenance hemodialysis patients in deficiency syndrome]. [Article in Chinese] Li N1, Qiu MY, Hao JR, Zhang QM, Wang SH, Liang F, Yin Y, Luan J, Ge GZ, Qin T, Li BQ.(PubMed)
(1849) [Observation on therapeutic effect of the new Bianshi (stone needle) therapy on migraine]. [Article in Chinese] Yin ZJ1, Yan YJ, Bao HL(PubMed)
(1850) [Study on relation of kidney-deficiency with hearing damage and serum trace elements in patients with chronic nephropathy]. [Article in Chinese] by Yu J1, Xu Y, Fu XD.(PubMed)
(1851) [A family survey of syndromes of traditional Chinese medicine in patients with beta-thalassemia]. [Article in Chinese] by Wang WJ1, Wu ZK, Zhang XH, Liu WJ, Liu YM, Fang SP, Wang RX, Zhang C, Li PP, Luo RG.(PubMed)
(1852) The clinical experiences of Dr. CAI Gan in treating chronic constipation by Zhang ZL1, Zhu MP, Liu Q, Lei YX.(PubMed)
(1853) [Analysis of 35 cases of pathology in yin deficiency syndrome]. [Article in Chinese] by Dai HL, Chen ZL, Song QL.(PubMed)
(1854) Liuwei Dihuang decoction facilitates the induction of long-term potentiation (LTP) in senescence accelerated mouse/prone 8 (SAMP8) hippocampal slices by inhibiting voltage-dependent calcium channels (VDCCs) and promoting N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDA) receptors by Huang Y1, Zhang H, Yang S, Qiao H, Zhou W, Zhang Y.(PubMed)
(1855) Diagnosis of symptomatic postmenopausal women by traditional Chinese medicine practitioners by Zell B1, Hirata J, Marcus A, Ettinger B, Pressman A, Ettinger KM.(PubMed)
(1856) An integrated metabonomic and proteomic study on Kidney-Yin Deficiency Syndrome patients with diabetes mellitus in China by Jiang N1, Liu HF2, Li SD1, Zhou WX1, Zhang YX1, Zhang Q3, Yan XZ3.(PubMed)
(1857) [Preliminary study on relationship of disease-syndrome-symptom of ovulatory disorder infertility based on factor analysis]. [Article in Chinese] by Li M, Ma K, Shan J.(PubMed)
(1858) Traditional chinese medicine syndromes for essential hypertension: a literature analysis of 13,272 patients by Wang J1, Xiong X1, Liu W1.(PubMed)
(1859) [Clinical observation on treatment of hyperinsulinemia and hyperandrogenism anovulatory patient with replenishing kidney-yin drugs]. [Article in Chinese] by Zhou LR1, Yu J.(PubMed)
(1972) Popular #Herbs - #Ginseng, Asian (Panax ginseng) and Ginseng, North America by Kyle J. Norton
(1973) Xi yang shen(Complementary and Alternative Healing University)
(1974) American Ginseng inhibits induced COX-2 and NFKB activation in breast cancer cells by Peralta EA1, Murphy LL, Minnis J, Louis S, Dunnington GL.(PubMed)
(1975) Extraction-dependent effects of American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium) on human breast cancer cell proliferation and estrogen receptor activation by King ML1, Adler SR, Murphy LL.(PubMed)
(1976) Sensitization of a tumor, but not normal tissue, to the cytotoxic effect of ionizing radiation using Panax notoginseng extract by Chen FD1, Wu MC, Wang HE, Hwang JJ, Hong CY, Huang YT, Yen SH, Ou YH.(PubMed)
(1977) Evaluation of the antipsychotic potential of Panax quinquefolium in ketamine induced experimental psychosis model in mice by Chatterjee M1, Singh S, Kumari R, Verma AK, Palit G.(PubMed)
(1978) Non-ginsenoside nicotinic activity in ginseng species. Lewis R1, Wake G, Court G, Court JA, Pickering AT, Kim YC, Perry EK.(PubMed)
(1979) Comparison of the pharmacological effects of Panax ginseng and Panax quinquefolium by Chen CF1, Chiou WF, Zhang JT.(PubMed)
(1980) Cytoprotective effect of American ginseng in a rat ethanol gastric ulcer model by Huang CC1, Chen YM1, Wang DC1, Chiu CC1, Lin WT1, Huang CY1, Hsu MC2.(PubMed)
(1981) Evaluation of antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities of less polar ginsenosides produced from polar ginsenosides by heat-transformation by Wang L1, Yang X, Yu X, Yao Y, Ren G.(PubMed)
(1982) Possible differential induction of phase 2 enzyme and antioxidant pathways by american ginseng, Panax quinquefolius by Lee LS1, Wise SD, Chan C, Parsons TL, Flexner C, Lietman PS.(PubMed)
(1983) Neoplasm prevention and immuno-enhancement mediated by daily consumption of a proprietary extract from North American ginseng by elderly mice of a cancer-prone strain by Durairaj P1, Miller SC.(PubMed)
(1984) Dietary supplementation with an extract of North American ginseng in adult and juvenile mice increases natural killer cells by Miller SC1, Ti L, Shan J.(PubMed)
(1985) Ginseng, sex behavior, and nitric oxide by Murphy LL1, Lee TJ.(PubMed)
(1986) Ginsenosides-induced nitric oxide-mediated relaxation of the rabbit corpus cavernosum by Chen X1, Lee TJ.(PubMed)
(1987) Compound CVT-E002 attenuates allergen-induced airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness, in vivo by Ebeling C1, Wu Y, Skappak C, Gordon JR, Ilarraza R, Adamko DJ.(PubMed)
(1988) Anti-fatigue effects of proteins isolated from Panax quinquefolium by Qi B1, Liu L1, Zhang H1, Zhou GX1, Wang S1, Duan XZ1, Bai XY1, Wang SM1, Zhao DQ2.(PubMed)
(1989) American ginseng does not improve fatigue in multiple sclerosis: a single center randomized double-blind placebo-controlled crossover pilot study by Kim E1, Cameron M, Lovera J, Schaben L, Bourdette D, Whitham R.(PubMed)
(1990) Ginseng By Marian Kim, page 2-3
(1991) The role of spinal adrenergic receptors on the antinociception of ginsenosides in a rat postoperative pain model by Kim IJ1, Park CH, Lee SH, Yoon MH.(PubMed)
(1992) Additive interaction of intrathecal ginsenosides and neostigmine in the rat formalin test by Park CH1, Kim PN, Lee SH, Yoon MH.(PubMed)
(1993) Targeting metabolic syndrome: candidate natural agents. Xia X1, Weng J.(PubMed)
(1994) Traditional chinese medicine in treatment of metabolic syndrome by Yin J1, Zhang H, Ye J.(PubMed)
(1995) Vinegar-processed ginseng radix improves metabolic syndrome induced by a high fat diet in ICR mice by Yun SN1, Ko SK, Lee KH, Chung SH.(PubMed)
(1996) Konjac-Mannan and American ginsing: emerging alternative therapies for type 2 diabetes mellitus by Vuksan V1, Sievenpiper JL, Xu Z, Wong EY, Jenkins AL, Beljan-Zdravkovic U, Leiter LA, Josse RG, Stavro MP.(PubMed)
(1997) American ginseng acutely regulates contractile function of rat heart by Jiang M1, Murias JM2, Chrones T3, Sims SM3, Lui E4, Noble EG1.(PubMed)
(1998) Shenyuan, an extract of American Ginseng and Corydalis Tuber formula, attenuates cardiomyocyte apoptosis via inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress and oxidative stress in a porcine model of acute myocardial infarction by Zhu XY1, Zhang ZL, Li P, Liang WY, Feng XR, Liu ML.(PubMed)
(1999) American Ginseng Extract (Panax quinquefolius L.) Is Safe in Long-Term Use in Type 2 Diabetic Patients. Mucalo I1, Jovanovski E2, Vuksan V3, Božikov V4, Romić Z5, Rahelić D4.(PubMed)
(2000) Effect of American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes by Mucalo I1, Rahelić D, Jovanovski E, Bozikov V, Romić Z, Vuksan V.(PubMed)
(2001) American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L) reduces postprandial glycemia in nondiabetic subjects and subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus by Vuksan V1, Sievenpiper JL, Koo VY, Francis T, Beljan-Zdravkovic U, Xu Z, Vidgen E.(PubMed)
(2002) Panax quinquefolium saponins protects low density lipoproteins from oxidation by Li J1, Huang M, Teoh H, Man RY.(PubMed)
(2003) Preventive effects of North American Ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) on Diabetic Retinopathy and Cardiomyopathy, vy Subhrojit Sen,1,3 Shali Chen,1 Yuexiu Wu,1 Biao Feng,1 Edmund K Lui2,3 and Subrata Chakrabarti1,3*(PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH)
(1974) American Ginseng inhibits induced COX-2 and NFKB activation in breast cancer cells by Peralta EA1, Murphy LL, Minnis J, Louis S, Dunnington GL.(PubMed)
(1975) Extraction-dependent effects of American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium) on human breast cancer cell proliferation and estrogen receptor activation by King ML1, Adler SR, Murphy LL.(PubMed)
(1976) Sensitization of a tumor, but not normal tissue, to the cytotoxic effect of ionizing radiation using Panax notoginseng extract by Chen FD1, Wu MC, Wang HE, Hwang JJ, Hong CY, Huang YT, Yen SH, Ou YH.(PubMed)
(1977) Evaluation of the antipsychotic potential of Panax quinquefolium in ketamine induced experimental psychosis model in mice by Chatterjee M1, Singh S, Kumari R, Verma AK, Palit G.(PubMed)
(1978) Non-ginsenoside nicotinic activity in ginseng species. Lewis R1, Wake G, Court G, Court JA, Pickering AT, Kim YC, Perry EK.(PubMed)
(1979) Comparison of the pharmacological effects of Panax ginseng and Panax quinquefolium by Chen CF1, Chiou WF, Zhang JT.(PubMed)
(1980) Cytoprotective effect of American ginseng in a rat ethanol gastric ulcer model by Huang CC1, Chen YM1, Wang DC1, Chiu CC1, Lin WT1, Huang CY1, Hsu MC2.(PubMed)
(1981) Evaluation of antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities of less polar ginsenosides produced from polar ginsenosides by heat-transformation by Wang L1, Yang X, Yu X, Yao Y, Ren G.(PubMed)
(1982) Possible differential induction of phase 2 enzyme and antioxidant pathways by american ginseng, Panax quinquefolius by Lee LS1, Wise SD, Chan C, Parsons TL, Flexner C, Lietman PS.(PubMed)
(1983) Neoplasm prevention and immuno-enhancement mediated by daily consumption of a proprietary extract from North American ginseng by elderly mice of a cancer-prone strain by Durairaj P1, Miller SC.(PubMed)
(1984) Dietary supplementation with an extract of North American ginseng in adult and juvenile mice increases natural killer cells by Miller SC1, Ti L, Shan J.(PubMed)
(1985) Ginseng, sex behavior, and nitric oxide by Murphy LL1, Lee TJ.(PubMed)
(1986) Ginsenosides-induced nitric oxide-mediated relaxation of the rabbit corpus cavernosum by Chen X1, Lee TJ.(PubMed)
(1987) Compound CVT-E002 attenuates allergen-induced airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness, in vivo by Ebeling C1, Wu Y, Skappak C, Gordon JR, Ilarraza R, Adamko DJ.(PubMed)
(1988) Anti-fatigue effects of proteins isolated from Panax quinquefolium by Qi B1, Liu L1, Zhang H1, Zhou GX1, Wang S1, Duan XZ1, Bai XY1, Wang SM1, Zhao DQ2.(PubMed)
(1989) American ginseng does not improve fatigue in multiple sclerosis: a single center randomized double-blind placebo-controlled crossover pilot study by Kim E1, Cameron M, Lovera J, Schaben L, Bourdette D, Whitham R.(PubMed)
(1990) Ginseng By Marian Kim, page 2-3
(1991) The role of spinal adrenergic receptors on the antinociception of ginsenosides in a rat postoperative pain model by Kim IJ1, Park CH, Lee SH, Yoon MH.(PubMed)
(1992) Additive interaction of intrathecal ginsenosides and neostigmine in the rat formalin test by Park CH1, Kim PN, Lee SH, Yoon MH.(PubMed)
(1993) Targeting metabolic syndrome: candidate natural agents. Xia X1, Weng J.(PubMed)
(1994) Traditional chinese medicine in treatment of metabolic syndrome by Yin J1, Zhang H, Ye J.(PubMed)
(1995) Vinegar-processed ginseng radix improves metabolic syndrome induced by a high fat diet in ICR mice by Yun SN1, Ko SK, Lee KH, Chung SH.(PubMed)
(1996) Konjac-Mannan and American ginsing: emerging alternative therapies for type 2 diabetes mellitus by Vuksan V1, Sievenpiper JL, Xu Z, Wong EY, Jenkins AL, Beljan-Zdravkovic U, Leiter LA, Josse RG, Stavro MP.(PubMed)
(1997) American ginseng acutely regulates contractile function of rat heart by Jiang M1, Murias JM2, Chrones T3, Sims SM3, Lui E4, Noble EG1.(PubMed)
(1998) Shenyuan, an extract of American Ginseng and Corydalis Tuber formula, attenuates cardiomyocyte apoptosis via inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress and oxidative stress in a porcine model of acute myocardial infarction by Zhu XY1, Zhang ZL, Li P, Liang WY, Feng XR, Liu ML.(PubMed)
(1999) American Ginseng Extract (Panax quinquefolius L.) Is Safe in Long-Term Use in Type 2 Diabetic Patients. Mucalo I1, Jovanovski E2, Vuksan V3, Božikov V4, Romić Z5, Rahelić D4.(PubMed)
(2000) Effect of American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes by Mucalo I1, Rahelić D, Jovanovski E, Bozikov V, Romić Z, Vuksan V.(PubMed)
(2001) American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L) reduces postprandial glycemia in nondiabetic subjects and subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus by Vuksan V1, Sievenpiper JL, Koo VY, Francis T, Beljan-Zdravkovic U, Xu Z, Vidgen E.(PubMed)
(2002) Panax quinquefolium saponins protects low density lipoproteins from oxidation by Li J1, Huang M, Teoh H, Man RY.(PubMed)
(2003) Preventive effects of North American Ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) on Diabetic Retinopathy and Cardiomyopathy, vy Subhrojit Sen,1,3 Shali Chen,1 Yuexiu Wu,1 Biao Feng,1 Edmund K Lui2,3 and Subrata Chakrabarti1,3*(PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH)
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