Benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH) is a condition of increased numbers of cells of prostate tissues, causing partial, or sometimes virtually complete obstruction of the urinary tract.
According to statistics, BPH commonly starts at the age of 30 and symptoms usually can not be realized until the age of 50.
More than half of men between the ages of 60-70 experience symptoms of BPH and only 10% are required treatment.
The suggestion of BPH is associated with nutritional status and eating habits, according to the study, 30 male patients with clinically confirmed and treated disease of the prostatic gland, including 15 men (aged 51-75 years) with BPH and 15 men (aged 51-73 years) with PC, indicated that improper nutritional status leading to incorrect nutritional habits and failing to improve their health may be the cause of the development of some diet-dependent diseases, such as BPH and prostate cancer(a).
A proper diet with vegetables, fruits containing zinc may reduce the risk of the disease from initiation(b)(c).
Epidemiological studies, indicated intake of vegetables and fruits accompanied with a healthy lifestyle may be associated with prevented risk and treatment of enlarged prostate(d)(e)(f)in inhibited overproduction of prostate cells through antioxidant activity (g)(h).
Top 5 Foods for Reducing Risk of Benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH)
1. Green tea
Green tea contains more amount of antioxidants than any drink or food with the same volume, is the leaves of Camellia sinensis, undergo minimal oxidation during processing, and originated from China.
Green tea is a precious drink in traditional Chinese culture and used exceptionally in socialization for more than 4000 thousand years.
Because of their health benefits, they have been cultivated for commercial purposes all over the world.
In the examine the levels and activity of androgen hormones associated with the risk of BPH, researchers indicated that the application of green tea catechin, (-)epigallocatechin-3-gallate, modulated the expression of androgenic activity in reduced progression of benign prostatic hyperplasia.
These results suggested that EGCG may be useful for the treatment of various hormone-related abnormalities, including benign prostatic hyperplasia(29)(32)
5 alpha-reductase activity long has been suspected to have a significant impact in the induction of early onset of benign prostatic hyperplasia,
According to the study conducted by the Ben May Institute for Cancer Research, and The Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, the administration of green tea catechin (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) exerts a strong effect in replacing the gallate ester with long-chain fatty acids in acting as a potent 5 alpha-reductase inhibitors(30).
The study by Oregon State University also indicated that the combination of soy and tea attenuated prostate malignancy by decreasing prostate hyperplasia in male noble rats implanted with estradiol and testosterone(31)
2. Coffee
Coffee made from the roasted seeds of the genus Coffee, belongings to the family Rubiaceae native to southern Arabia.
According to Dr. Morrison AS. coffee drinking was inversely but only weakly related to prostatic hypertrophy(BPH) in 910 residents of Rhode Island who had a partial or total prostatectomy between the years 1985-1987(33).
In a study of a total of 1369 patients younger than 75 years old surgically treated for BPH and 1451 controls younger than 75 years of age, the prevalence of BPH was insignificantly among coffee drinkers(34)(35)
However, according to the study by the Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP) in the rat prostate gland, chronic caffeine intake from puberty may increase androgenic signaling and cell proliferation in initiated development of benign prostatic hyperplasia(36).
3. Pumpkin seeds
Pumpkin seed(PS) or pepita, edible seed of a pumpkin with flat, dark green color is the genus Cucurbita and belongs to the family Cucurbitaceae.
The origin of pumpkins is unknown, although many people believe that they originated in North America.
According to the study of 20 male Wistar rats, conducted by the Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, the injection of pumpkin seeds inhibited the induction of BPH through increasing the testosterone: estradiol ratio(37).
In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial over 12 months on 47 benign prostatic hyperplasia patients with an average age of 53.3 years and an international prostate symptom score over 8, researchers showed that PS demonstrated a positive effect in treatments of benign prostatic hyperplasia(38).
Another study also suggested that oral administration of pumpkin seed oil inhibits testosterone-induced hyperplasia of the prostate(39).
4. Coconut oil
The coconut palm tree is the genus coco, belongings to the family Arecaceae, native to the tropic and subtropic area.
According to chemical differentiation, coconut oil may reduce total cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids, LDL, and VLDL cholesterol levels and increase HDL cholesterol in serum, etc through a number of phytochemicals. (40).
Coconut oil reduced the increase of both prostate weight (PW) and body weight (BW) ratio, markers in testosterone-induced PH in rats(41).
5. Fish oil
Fish oil, rich in long-chain polyunsaturated essential fatty acids of the omega-3 group may have a potential effect in reducing BPH risk.
According to a study by the University of California at Davis, gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) from fish oil inhibited 80% of the gamDHT-enhanced activity of 5 alpha-reductase(42).
Other, in the study of the serum samples of 24 BPH and 19 PC patients, and from 21 age-matched normal male subjects, scientists found that the omega-3 PUFAs level was significantly decreased in patients with BPH(43).
However, in the study to compare the levels of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in leukocytes and prostate tissue in men with prostate cancer or benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), scientists found that long-chain polyunsaturated essential fatty acids intake is not associated in reduced risk of BPH(44).
Taking all together, certain foods have been found effective in reducing the risk and treatments of Benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH). But large sample and multi centers studies are necessary to reconfirm the viability.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bio Science, ISSN 0975-6299.
References
(a) Nutritional status and nutritional habits of men with benign prostatic hyperplasia or prostate cancer - a preliminary investigation by Goluch-Koniuszy Z, Rygielska M, Nowacka I.(PubMed)
(b) Diet and benign prostatic hyperplasia: a study in Greece by Lagiou P1, Wuu J, Trichopoulou A, Hsieh CC, Adami HO, Trichopoulos D.(PubMed)
(c) Associations of obesity, physical activity, and diet with benign prostatic hyperplasia and lower urinary tract symptoms by Raheem OA1, Parsons JK. (PubMed)
(d) Nutrition and benign prostatic hyperplasia by Espinosa G.(PubMed)
(e) Dietary patterns and prostatic diseases by Sebastiano C1, Vincenzo F, Tommaso C, Giuseppe S, Marco R, Ivana C, Giorgio R, Massimo M, Giuseppe M.(PubMed)
(f) Fruit and vegetable consumption, intake of micronutrients, and benign prostatic hyperplasia in US men by Rohrmann S1, Giovannucci E, Willett WC, Platz EA. (PubMed)
(g) Evaluation of oxidative stress and DNA damage in benign prostatic hyperplasia patients and comparison with controls by Ahmad M1, Suhail N, Mansoor T, Banu N, Ahmad S(PubMed).
(h) Oxidative stress and antioxidant status in non-metastatic prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia by Aydin A1, Arsova-Sarafinovska Z, Sayal A, Eken A, Erdem O, Erten K, Ozgök Y, Dimovski A.(PubMed)
(29) The medicinal action of androgens and green tea epigallocatechin gallate by Liao S.(PubMed)
(30) Structure-activity relationships for inhibition of human 5alpha-reductases by polyphenols by Hiipakka RA1, Zhang HZ, Dai W, Dai Q, Liao S.(PubMed)
(31) Dietary soy and tea mitigate chronic inflammation and prostate cancer via NFκB pathway in the Noble rat model by Hsu A1, Bruno RS, Löhr CV, Taylor AW, Dashwood RH, Bray TM, Ho E.(PubMed)
(32) The medicinal action of androgens and green tea epigallocatechin gallate by Liao S.(PubMed)
(33) Risk factors for surgery for prostatic hypertrophy by Morrison AS. (PubMed)
(34) Food groups and risk of benign prostatic hyperplasia. by Bravi F1, Bosetti C, Dal Maso L, Talamini R, Montella M, Negri E, Ramazzotti V, Franceschi S, La Vecchia C.(PubMed)
(35) Benign prostatic hyperplasia: the opposite effects of alcohol and coffee intake by Gass R.(PubMed)
(36) Chronic caffeine intake increases androgenic stimuli, epithelial cell proliferation, and hyperplasia in rat ventral prostate by Sarobo C1, Lacorte LM, Martins M, Rinaldi JC, Moroz A, Scarano WR, Delella FK, Felisbino SL. (PubMed)
(37) Inhibition of the experimental induction of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a possible role for fluted pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis Hook f.) seeds by Ejike CE1, Ezeanyika LU. (PubMed)
(38) Effects of pumpkin seed oil and saw palmetto oil in Korean men with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia by Hong H1, Kim CS, Maeng S.(PubMed)
(39) Inhibition of testosterone-induced hyperplasia of the prostate of Sprague-Dawley rats by pumpkin seed oil by Gossell-Williams M1, Davis A, O'Connor N.(PubMed)
(40) Beneficial effects of virgin coconut oil on lipid parameters and in vitro LDL oxidation. Nevin KG. Rajamohan T. Clinical Biochemistry. 37(9):830-5, 2004 Sep. [Comparative Study. Journal Article] UI: 15329324 Authors Full Name Nevin, K G. Rajamohan, T.
(41) Effects of coconut oil on testosterone-induced prostatic hyperplasia in Sprague-Dawley rats. by de Lourdes Arruzazabala M1, Molina V, Más R, Carbajal D, Marrero D, González V, Rodríguez E.(PubMed)
(42) 5 alpha-reductase-catalyzed conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone is increased in prostatic adenocarcinoma cells: suppression by 15-lipoxygenase metabolites of gamma-linolenic and eicosapentaenoic acids by Pham H1, Ziboh VA. (PubMed)
(43) Comparison of fatty acid profiles in the serum of patients with prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia by Yang YJ1, Lee SH, Hong SJ, Chung BC. (PubMed)
(44) Prostate tissue and leukocyte levels of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in men with benign prostate hyperplasia or prostate cancer by Christensen JH1, Fabrin K, Borup K, Barber N, Poulsen J.(PubMed)
(a) Nutritional status and nutritional habits of men with benign prostatic hyperplasia or prostate cancer - a preliminary investigation by Goluch-Koniuszy Z, Rygielska M, Nowacka I.(PubMed)
(b) Diet and benign prostatic hyperplasia: a study in Greece by Lagiou P1, Wuu J, Trichopoulou A, Hsieh CC, Adami HO, Trichopoulos D.(PubMed)
(c) Associations of obesity, physical activity, and diet with benign prostatic hyperplasia and lower urinary tract symptoms by Raheem OA1, Parsons JK. (PubMed)
(d) Nutrition and benign prostatic hyperplasia by Espinosa G.(PubMed)
(e) Dietary patterns and prostatic diseases by Sebastiano C1, Vincenzo F, Tommaso C, Giuseppe S, Marco R, Ivana C, Giorgio R, Massimo M, Giuseppe M.(PubMed)
(f) Fruit and vegetable consumption, intake of micronutrients, and benign prostatic hyperplasia in US men by Rohrmann S1, Giovannucci E, Willett WC, Platz EA. (PubMed)
(g) Evaluation of oxidative stress and DNA damage in benign prostatic hyperplasia patients and comparison with controls by Ahmad M1, Suhail N, Mansoor T, Banu N, Ahmad S(PubMed).
(h) Oxidative stress and antioxidant status in non-metastatic prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia by Aydin A1, Arsova-Sarafinovska Z, Sayal A, Eken A, Erdem O, Erten K, Ozgök Y, Dimovski A.(PubMed)
(29) The medicinal action of androgens and green tea epigallocatechin gallate by Liao S.(PubMed)
(30) Structure-activity relationships for inhibition of human 5alpha-reductases by polyphenols by Hiipakka RA1, Zhang HZ, Dai W, Dai Q, Liao S.(PubMed)
(31) Dietary soy and tea mitigate chronic inflammation and prostate cancer via NFκB pathway in the Noble rat model by Hsu A1, Bruno RS, Löhr CV, Taylor AW, Dashwood RH, Bray TM, Ho E.(PubMed)
(32) The medicinal action of androgens and green tea epigallocatechin gallate by Liao S.(PubMed)
(33) Risk factors for surgery for prostatic hypertrophy by Morrison AS. (PubMed)
(34) Food groups and risk of benign prostatic hyperplasia. by Bravi F1, Bosetti C, Dal Maso L, Talamini R, Montella M, Negri E, Ramazzotti V, Franceschi S, La Vecchia C.(PubMed)
(35) Benign prostatic hyperplasia: the opposite effects of alcohol and coffee intake by Gass R.(PubMed)
(36) Chronic caffeine intake increases androgenic stimuli, epithelial cell proliferation, and hyperplasia in rat ventral prostate by Sarobo C1, Lacorte LM, Martins M, Rinaldi JC, Moroz A, Scarano WR, Delella FK, Felisbino SL. (PubMed)
(37) Inhibition of the experimental induction of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a possible role for fluted pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis Hook f.) seeds by Ejike CE1, Ezeanyika LU. (PubMed)
(38) Effects of pumpkin seed oil and saw palmetto oil in Korean men with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia by Hong H1, Kim CS, Maeng S.(PubMed)
(39) Inhibition of testosterone-induced hyperplasia of the prostate of Sprague-Dawley rats by pumpkin seed oil by Gossell-Williams M1, Davis A, O'Connor N.(PubMed)
(40) Beneficial effects of virgin coconut oil on lipid parameters and in vitro LDL oxidation. Nevin KG. Rajamohan T. Clinical Biochemistry. 37(9):830-5, 2004 Sep. [Comparative Study. Journal Article] UI: 15329324 Authors Full Name Nevin, K G. Rajamohan, T.
(41) Effects of coconut oil on testosterone-induced prostatic hyperplasia in Sprague-Dawley rats. by de Lourdes Arruzazabala M1, Molina V, Más R, Carbajal D, Marrero D, González V, Rodríguez E.(PubMed)
(42) 5 alpha-reductase-catalyzed conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone is increased in prostatic adenocarcinoma cells: suppression by 15-lipoxygenase metabolites of gamma-linolenic and eicosapentaenoic acids by Pham H1, Ziboh VA. (PubMed)
(43) Comparison of fatty acid profiles in the serum of patients with prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia by Yang YJ1, Lee SH, Hong SJ, Chung BC. (PubMed)
(44) Prostate tissue and leukocyte levels of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in men with benign prostate hyperplasia or prostate cancer by Christensen JH1, Fabrin K, Borup K, Barber N, Poulsen J.(PubMed)
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