Monday 14 February 2022

Broccoli Inhibits the Risk of Breast Cancer in Vitro

By Kyle J. Norton

The breast is the tissue overlying the chest muscles. in women, breasts are made of specialized tissue that produces milk (glandular tissue) and fatty tissue. The size of the women's breasts is totally determined by the amount of fat.

Breast cancer (malignant breast neoplasm) is a medical and chronic condition characterized by irregular cell growth in the breast tissue.

Most cases of breast cancer start either in the cells on the surface of the inner lining of milk ducts (Ductal carcinoma) or the lobules (Lobular carcinoma) that supply the ducts with milk.

There are also rare cases of breast cancer that start in other areas of the breast

The cause of breast cancer is the result of the alternation of DNA of the cells in the breast.

According to statistics, in 2010, over 250,000 new cases of breast cancer were expected to be diagnosed in women in the US alone and the risk of getting invasive breast cancer during the lifetime of a woman is 1/8.

The 5 years of the survival rate of localized breast cancer are closed to 100%.

As of today, the exact causes of breast cancer are still unknown. Researchers believed that
genetic mutation inherited from the parents and an unhealthy diet and lifestyle are the major factors that facilitate the early onset of the disease.

At the early stage of breast cancer, patients may experience symptoms of the lump (mass) in the breast. and in the armpit (lymph nodes), nipple discharge, inverted or retracted nipple, scaly or pitted skin on the nipple, persistent tenderness of the breast, and unusual breast pain or discomfort.

Broccoli is a mustard/cabbage plant, belongings to the family Brassicaceae. The veggie has large flower heads, usually green in color with a mass of flower heads surrounded by leaves and evolved from a wild cabbage plant from the continent of Europe.

On finding a potential whole food for the treatment of cancer, researchers evaluated sulforaphane, a natural compound derived from broccoli/broccoli sprouts, efficacy to inhibit breast CSCs.

According to the results of differentiation, The application of sulforaphane (1-5 micromol/L) decreased the aldehyde dehydrogenase-positive cell population found in some cancers by 65% to 80% in human breast cancer cells. 

Furthermore, the size and number of primary mammospheres in the breast cancer cells were also reduced by 8- to 125-fold and 45% to 75% by the injection of sulforaphane.

More precisely, Daily injection with 50 mg/kg sulforaphane for 2 weeks reduced aldehyde dehydrogenase-positive cells by >50% in nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient xenograft tumors.

Moreover, sulforaphane also eliminated breast CSCs in vivo by inhibiting the tumor growth after the reimplantation of primary tumor cells into the secondary mice.

Additionally, sulforaphane also inhibited the expression of Wnt/beta-catenin associated with cellular functions like stem cell regeneration and organogenesis.

Based on the findings, researchers said, "These findings support the use of sulforaphane for the chemoprevention of breast cancer stem cells".

Taken altogether, broccoli processed a high amount of SFN may be considered a functional food for the prevention and treatment of breast cancer, pending the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of turmeric in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.


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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Sulforaphane, a dietary component of broccoli/broccoli sprouts, inhibits breast cancer stem cells by Li Y1, Zhang T, Korkaya H, Liu S, Lee HF, Newman B, Yu Y, Clouthier SG, Schwartz SJ, Wicha MS, Sun D. (PubMed)

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