Andrographis processed significant effects in enhanced immune function, through modulation of immune responses, a renowned institute study suggested.
Immunomodulatory activity is the action that regulates immune response against forming of diseases, including stimulating the production of antibodies and inhibiting white blood cells in signaling inflammation,.....
The overactive immune system is a class of autoimmune diseases or chronic inflammatory diseases caused by the immune system attacking the body's tissue, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus,.... and multiple sclerosis.
The widespread chronic inflammatory diseases in modern society is a burden to humans because of life-long debilitating illness, increased mortality, and high costs for therapy and care.
Scientists do not know why the immune system attacks the host body tissue. Some researchers suggested that these may be a result of an immune malfunction in the directed function of white blood cells (WBCs) to differentiate between own body cells and foreign particles, causing the destruction of normal and healthy body cells.
Underactive or weakened immune system caused by primary immune deficiency, or acquired immune deficiency.may not protect the body against foreign organisms in initiated infection.
Sometimes, a temporarily weakened immune system may also be caused by the intake of certain conventional medicine, such as chemotherapy or drugs that treat cancer.
Primary immune deficiency is an underactive immune system caused by a genetic mutation inherited from a parent.
Acquired immune deficiency is a weakened immune system caused by diseases that destroy white blood cells.
Andrographis paniculata, also known as Andrographis is a herbaceous plant, genus Andrographis, belongings to the family Acanthaceae, native to India and Sri Lanka,
The herb has been used in traditional Siddha and Ayurvedic in treating the common cold, flu, upper respiratory infections, infectious diseases, diarrhea, dysentery, cholera, pneumonia,
According to the Prin. K. M. Kundnani College of Pharmacy, HN-02, an extract containing a mixture of andrographolides plus 14-deoxy andrographolide and 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide together [12 +/- 3 %]) in a pure powder form at 1.0, 1.5, and 2.5 mg/kg on different in vivo and in vitro experimental models, demonstrated the ability in enhanced immune function by modulation of immune responses altered during antigen interaction, and to reverse the immunosuppression induced by cyclophosphamide (CYP).
Cyclophosphamide is an anti-cancer chemotherapy drug.
Dr. Naik SR, the lead author said, " HN-02 treatment significant increase in total WBC count" and "elevated the depressed hemagglutination antibody (HA) titer and increased the number of plaque-forming cells (PFCs) in the spleen cells of mice".
Depressed hemagglutination antibodies (HA) are associated with the risk of infection as the immune system no longer can prevent the attachment of the virus to red blood cells.
Plaque-forming cells (PFCs) are IgM-producing cells and the spleen is the lymphoid organ.
In the evaluation of the immunomodulatory activity of herbal Andrographis researchers at the Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, indicated that Andrographis paniculata exhibited the effect through genes expression involved in immune cell activation and migration and various inflammatory responses, including wound healing, angiogenesis, and blood pressure modulation(2).
Compared to other extracts used in the experiment, Andrographis extract led to the alteration of expression of some cellular genes that have a strong effect in modulated immunological response(2).
Additionally, in the concerns of the presence of lipopolysaccharide in medicinal preparation of the extracts, researchers said, "the presence of LPS was not due to contamination of the extract, but instead was a common constituent of the immune-stimulatory extracts and as such, may play a role in immune regulatory activity"(2)
Truly, herbal extracts historically reported and used to stimulate the immune response including Andrographis expressed highly elevated levels of endotoxin compared to lower levels of endotoxin presented in herbal extracts historically used to repress immune activity, such as Urtica dioica(2).
Lipopolysaccharide, a component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, is a potent stimulator of the innate immune system used frequently in research and drug development.
Additionally, dichloromethane fraction of the methanolic extract of Andrographis paniculata also expressed an impressive inhibition against testing human cancer and immune cells.
At low concentrations, the dichloromethane extract enhanced immune function in attenuated the proliferation of HT-29 (colon cancer) cells and human peripheral blood lymphocytes (HPBLs)(3).
Furthermore, the study also found, andrographolide, another major compound in Andrographis paniculata exhibited the immune ability to suppress irregular cell growth and cancer activity on diverse cancer cells in different types of human cancers.
Taking all together, there is no doubt, that Andrographis consisted of a strong immunomodulatory (including under or over the active immune system) activity in regulated immune responses against a procession of irregular cell growth and overreaction of foreign harmful substances, but intake of a large amount should be taken with care.
Additional large sample sizes and multicenter clinical trials with human consumption during the course of the immune disease are necessary to reconfirm Andrographis immunomodulatory possibility.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
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Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Evaluation of the immunomodulatory activity of an extract of andrographolides from Andographis paniculata by Naik SR1, Hule A.(PubMed)
(2) Regulation of inflammatory gene expression in PBMCs by immunostimulatory botanicals by Denzler KL1, Waters R, Jacobs BL, Rochon Y, Langland JO. (PubMed)
(3) Anticancer and immunostimulatory compounds from Andrographis paniculata by Kumar RA1, Sridevi K, Kumar NV, Nanduri S, Rajagopal S.(PubMed)
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