Ginger may be the next pharmaceutical target to identify the natural ingredient or whole food for the treatment of diseases caused by a bacterial infection, some studies found.
Infection is a medical condition caused by bacteria multiplication after entering the body.
During the acute phase of infection before the bacteria enter the body, white blood cells of the systematic immune response to the bodily injury and damage by activating not only the emergency repair system to cover the wound through coagulation but also stimulating the proteins associated with the production of proinflammatory cytokines to kill off the invaded pathogens.
However, in many instances, overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines can cause damage or death od nearby cells, leading to improper healing with the formation of scars.
In fact, failure to switch from the phase of production of proinflammatory cytokines to anti-inflammatory can interrupt the healing process, leading to chronic wounds and inflammation.
Some researchers suggested that the failure of the switches may be caused by the weakened immune system that can not kill off all foreign invaders within 3 to 8 weeks.
Researchers continued, our immune system has evolved over thousands of years with an aim to kill off all stimuli and pathogens within a said of time, otherwise, they will adapt to the change, causing low-grade inflammation that cannot be reversed in many diseases such as type 2 diabetes and RA.
Most cases of acute infection were blocked in the first phase of the immune system response. In other words, the white blood cells won, pathogens were destroyed and the wound started to recover process without interruption.
However, if the pathogens won, after entering the body, they can initiate infection through the stage of incubation where bacteria multiply in the specific tissues and organs, leading to colonization and in facilitating disease development.
Patients with acute bacterial infection usually recover in a short period of time within 3 weeks.
Severely, if the immune system can not get rid of the invaders in the said time, some bacterial pathogens will establish life-long chronic infections by the persistent establishment after an acute infection period.
Dr. Cierny G 3rd, the lead scientist, at the RE Orthopaedics, said," Failure of an acute inflammatory response to resolve a wound infection heralds a cascade of events that affect the host and pathogens, culminating in a chronic, refractory condition".
"The factors contributing to this outcome include immune compromise of the host, antimicrobial resistance, wound-healing deficiencies, and the adherence of pathogens to themselves and wound surfaces via an impenetrable, resistant biofilm.".
These results firmly suggested that if you have a weakened immune system you have a substantially increased risk of chronic bacterial infection.
Ginger (Zingiber officinale) or ginger root, the second superfood used for thousands of years by mankind, is the genus Zingiber, belonging to the family Zingiberaceae, native to Tamil.
The root has been used in traditional and Chinese medicine to treat dyspepsia, gastroparesis, constipation, edema, difficult urination, colic, etc.
In finding a natural ingredient or whole food for the prevention and treatment of infection with little or no side effects researchers evaluated the effects of ginger against the monogenean parasite Gyrodactylus Turnbull.
The tested ethanolic and aqueous extracts were prepared for freeze-dried ginger.
An increase in extract concentration was associated with reduced time to parasite immobilization.
Injection at concentrations of 5 and 40ppt ethanolic extract induced parasite death at 26.1±0.7 and 4.9±0.3min, respectively. The ethanolic extract was more efficient. At 75 and 200ppt aqueous ginger extract, induced parasites died at 65.6±2.8 and 1.8±0.2min, respectively.
Bathing G. Turnbulli-infected fish in the ethanolic ginger extract (i.e. 5 and 7.5ppt for 90 and 30min, respectively) significantly reduced infection prevalence and intensity.
The higher concentration (i.e. 7.5ppt) proved to be effective as those of Praziquantel, the conventional chemical.
Interestingly, oral treatments of G. Turnbulli-infected guppies with diets supplemented with 10 and 20% ginger powder also proved to be ineffective in decreasing parasite load.
Furthermore, in schistosome mansonii-infected mice, extract given daily for 45 days beginning on either 2nd day or 45 days post-infection showed a reduction of worm burden and the egg load in the liver and intestine which coincided with the reduction in granuloma diameters.
Ginger extract exerted a potential effect in reducing some inflammatory mediators that play a crucial role in schistosomal liver fibrosis and its complications.
The in-depth analysis also suggested that ginger extract also minimizes the deleterious effects of inflammatory and oxidative stress markers in the tested mice.
Taken together, ginger extracts with abundant bioactive compounds may be used for the prevention and treatment of parasite-infected diseases, pending the larger and multi-center human study.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
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Some articles have been referenced in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Efficacy of ginger-based treatments against infection with Gyrodactylus turnbulli in the guppy (Poecilia reticulata (Peters)) by Levy G1, Zilberg D2, Paladini G1, Fridman S. (PubMed)
(2) Efficiency of ginger (Zingbar officinale) against Schistosoma mansoni infectionduring host-parasite association by Aly HF1, Mantawy MM. (PubMed)
(3) Dietary Onion or Ginger Modulates the Stress Response and Susceptibility to Vibrio harveyi JML1 Infection in Brown-marbled Grouper Epinephelus fuscoguttatus Juveniles by Amar EC1, Apines-Amar MJS2, Faisan JP Jr1. (PubMed)
(4) Treatment of chronic infection by Cierny G 3rd1, DiPasquale D. (PubMed)
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