Including a portion of fennel in your daily diet may improve the body's anti-allergic activities, some scientists suggested.
The results of the differentiation were carried out by a number of universities and published in online medical literature.
The allergic effect associated with nonharmful allergens caused by an overreaction of the immune system may induce symptoms of skin rash, and sneezing,.
In some cases, an allergic reaction can be life-threatening (anaphylaxis), depending on the severity of immune responses.
Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) is a plant species of the genus, belongings to Apiaceae (Umbelliferae), native to the Mediterranean, used in traditional and herbal medicine as a warming, carminative, antispasmodic, antidepressant agent and to stimulate the appetite, ease indigestion, soothe coughing, reduce intestinal spasms, to regulate the menstrual cycle and relieve PMS,...
In the study to confirm the potential efficacy of fennel for antiallergic use, inhibitory actions of the fruition 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) and β-hexosaminidase release, researchers found that application of fennel extract at ethanol 70% with IC50 of 3.2 μg/ml, exerts a potential effect in inhibited 5-LOX-catalyzed leukotriene production in the mediation of allergy, and other immune responses.
β-hexosaminidase released from activated mast cells is responsible for the allergic inflammatory reactions associated with immune response.
5-Lipoxygenase (5-LOX), an enzyme plays important roles in infection and allergic responses.
Although many ingredients isolated from fennel fruit demonstrated an inhibitory effect in the reduced immune overreaction of the unharmful allergens, phenylpropanoid, and trans-anethole, showed the considerable inhibitory action of 5-LOX compared to others, particularly at IC50 of 51.6 μM of trans-anethole
However, the fennel bioactive compound trans-anethole displayed an insignificant effect on the degranulation reaction of β-hexosaminidase release from antigen-treated RBL-2H3 cells compared to other ingredients.
The RBL-2H3 cell line is a commonly used histamine-releasing cell line in immunological research. inflammatory and allergic activities.
These results suggested, depending on the stimulation of allergens, fennel demonstrated anti-allergic activity through the expression of different constituents in both the plant (FR) and trans-anethole alone.
Dr. the lead author after taking into account other co-founders, said, "FR and several major constituents are 5-LOX inhibitors and they may have the potential for treating 5-LOX-related disorders".
Additionally, according to the study of Yonsei University, oral administration (200 mg/kg) of Foeniculum vulgare fruit methanolic extract in a tested animal model exhibited inhibitory effects against acute and subacute inflammatory diseases and type IV allergic reactions, a delayed-type hypersensitivity usually takes a few days to develop.
Further analysis suggested that the application of fennel also reduced inflammatory factors activated by
the immune response in the induction of systemic inflammation against allergens in causing damage to the body through its antioxidants and stimulated productions of antioxidant enzymes from the host, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase and the high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol level. in the prevention of lipid peroxidation in initiated by ROS.
Moreover, the application also reduced levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), which is an indication and marker of oxidative stress.
Interestingly, F. vulgare fruit methanolic extract expressed a strong effect in the inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) produced by the innate immune system through activated macrophages in inhibited pathogens replication.
The above differentiation was supported by the literature of "Foeniculum vulgare Mill: A Review of Its Botany, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Contemporary Application, and Toxicology"
posted in BioMed Research International.
According to the study, oral injection of the methanolic extract of F. vulgare fruit at 200 mg/kg once a day for 7 days showed a significant inhibitory effect on DNFB- (2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene-) induced delayed-type hypersensitivity through fennel immunosuppressive properties.
2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) may induce allergic contact dermatitis.
The information collected indicated that fennel, its bioactive compounds, and extracts may be considered as a functional food for reduced risk immune over the response to unharmful allergens.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299
Sources
(1) 5-Lipoxygenase Inhibition of the Fructus of Foeniculum vulgare and Its Constituents by Lee JH1, Lee DU, Kim YS, Kim HP. (PubMed)
(2) Antiinflammatory, analgesic and antioxidant activities of the fruit of Foeniculum vulgare by Choi EM1, Hwang JK. (PubMed)
(3) Foeniculum vulgare Mill: A Review of Its Botany, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Contemporary Application, and Toxicology by Shamkant B. Badgujar,* Vainav V. Patel, and Atmaram H. Bandivdekar(PubMed)
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