Arctostaphylos uva-ursi is one of the species of Bearberry, in the genus Arctostaphylos, belonging to the family Ericaceae, native to northern North America, Asia, and Europe. The herb has been used in traditional medicine as a diuretic agent and to treat urinary problems, including bladder infections, kidney infections, kidney stones, pelvic pain, etc.
The endometrium is the inner lining of the mammalian uterus and is very susceptible to hormone change, particularly in the menstrual cycle. Endometrial cancer is a late adulthood cancer defined as a condition in which the cells of the endometrial lining of the uterus have growth uncontrollably or become cancerous as a result of the alternation of the cell's DNA. It's the fourth most common cancer among women overall, after breast cancer, lung cancer, and bowel cancer.
Ursolic acid, a pentacyclic triterpene acid, extracted from bearberry is found to be effective in inhibition of the growth of endometrial cancer cell HEC108 line, in a dose- and time-dependent manner. As exposure to Ursolic acid decreased the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein levels (a member of the Bcl-2 family of regulator proteins that regulate cell death) but increased Bax expression (upregulated by the tumor suppressor protein p53,)through a mitochondrial pathway, that induced apoptosis of endometrial cancer HEC108 line. Other in the study of the same but within endometrial cancer SNG-II cells, ursolic acid strongly inhibited the growth of SNG-II cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The induced apoptotic processes in the endometrial cancer SNG-II cells are also involved in mitochondrial pathways and Bcl-2 family proteins.
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References
(1) Molecular mechanism of ursolic acid-induced apoptosis in poorly differentiated endometrial cancer HEC108 cells by Achiwa Y, Hasegawa K, Udagawa Y.(PubMed)
(2) Ursolic acid induces Bax-dependent apoptosis through the caspase-3 pathway in endometrial cancer SNG-II cells by Achiwa Y, Hasegawa K, Komiya T, Udagawa Y.(PubMed)
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