Skin, a large organ of the body protects our tissue and organs against the invasion of pathogens and fluid loss.
There are many causes of skin damage. Sun exposure is the most common cause of skin damage. Other causes of skin damage include smoking cigarettes, drinking too much alcohol, extreme temperatures, and exposure to toxic chemicals and pollutants in the air outside.
Some researchers suggested that free radicals bombard our bodies daily are also associated with skin damage in the modern world.
Free radicals are unstable molecules with the unpaired electron on the outer ring. In order for them to become balanced, free radical either donates or intercept an electron from another stable molecule, leading to a chain reaction that can not be stopped until the outer ring election is paired or inhibited by an antioxidant.
In fact, free radical formation occurs continuously in the cells as a consequence of both enzymatic and nonenzymatic reactions, they can be generated by our bodies such as the process of metabolism and exogenous sources such as pollution, alcohol, and tobacco smoke.
Free radicals can affect our skin in different ways, including the alternation of the DNA, damage of lipid membranes, and collagen structures, and inducing photoaging and cancer.
Dr. Borut Poljšak, in the study "Free Radicals and Extrinsic Skin Aging," wrote, "Extrinsic skin damage develops due to several factors: ionizing radiation, severe physical and psychological stress, alcohol intake, poor nutrition, overeating, environmental pollution, and exposure to UV radiation (UVR)". and
"The only protection of our skin is in its endogenous protection (melanin and enzymatic antioxidants) and antioxidants we consume from the food (vitamin A, C, E, etc.)".
These results suggested that although free radicals can induce the early onset of skin damage and aging, providing our body with enough antioxidants from food sources is the best way to counter the process.
Avocado is a commercially valuable fruit cultivated in tropical climates throughout the world. It is a green-skinned, pear-shaped fruit that ripens after harvesting and is native to the Caribbean, Mexico, South America, and Central America, belonging to the flowering plant family Lauraceae.
In finding a natural ingredient or essential oil which has a potential effect on skin health without inducing any side effects, researchers explored the effects of various avocado oils on collagen metabolism.
In skin rats fed diets containing 10% (w/w) of the tested oils, researchers found the akin protective effects were totally dependent on the types of avocado oil.
Rats fed the unrefined avocado oil extracted with hexane from the intact fruit, including unsaponifiable or avocado seed oil, showed a significant increase in soluble collagen content in the skin, though total collagen content was not affected.
The increased soluble collagen content was attributed to the inhibition of lysyl oxidase activity whose increment is associated with the oxidative stress induced by chronic exposure to skin harmful substances.
The active factor which protects skin health was found to be present in the unrefined avocado oil and probably originated from the avocado seed, observed by the collagen metabolism which is affected only by fractions containing lipids fraction from the seed.
In order to illustrate the effects of avocado oil on skin health, researchers evaluated the wound-healing activity of a semisolid formulation of avocado oil, SSFAO 50%, or avocado oil in natural, incisional, and excisional cutaneous wound models in Wistar rats.
On the 14 days of application on the wound, 50% SSFAO or avocado oil demonstrate a significant increase in percentage wound contraction and reepithelialization, compared to the petroleum jelly control.
The treatment group also displayed an increase in anti-inflammatory activity, density of collagen, and tensile strength, compared to control groups.
This efficacy of the 50% SSFAO or avocado oil was attributed to the contents of the bioactive compounds, oleic fatty acid (47.20%), followed by palmitic (23.66%), linoleic (13.46%) docosadienoic (8.88%), palmitoleic (3.58%), linolenic (1.60%), eicosenoic (1.29%), and myristic acids (0.33%).
Dr. de Oliveira AP, the lead scientist wrote in the final report, "When used in natural or in pharmaceutical formulations for topical use, avocado oil can promote increased collagen synthesis and decreased numbers of inflammatory cells during the wound-healing process".
In skin exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, unique lipid molecules, polyhydroxylated fatty alcohols (PFA), extracted from avocado, reduced significantly UV-induced cellular damage, through increasing cell viability, decreased the secretion of IL-6, a pro-inflammatory cytokine, and PGE(2) in mediated the inflammation process.
Taken altogether, avocado processed abundantly bioactive compounds may be considered a functional food for the promotion of skin health without inducing any side effects
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
References
(1) The effect of various avocado oils on skin collagen metabolism by Werman MJ1, Mokady S, Nimni ME, Neeman I.(PubMed)
(2) Effect of semisolid formulation of persea americana mill (avocado) oil on wound healing in rats by de Oliveira AP1, Franco Ede S, Rodrigues Barreto R, Cordeiro DP, de Melo RG, de Aquino CM, E Silva AA, de Medeiros PL, da Silva TG, Góes AJ, Maia MB. (PubMed)
(3) Polyhydroxylated fatty alcohols derived from avocado suppress inflammatory response and provide non-sunscreen protection against UV-induced damage in skin cells by Rosenblat G1, Meretski S, Segal J, Tarshis M, Schroeder A, Zanin-Zhorov A, Lion G, Ingber A, Hochberg M.(PubMed)
(4) Free Radicals and Extrinsic Skin Aging by Borut Poljšak 1 and Raja Dahmane. (PMC)
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