Wednesday, 22 March 2017

The Research and Studies of Musculo-Skeletal disorders(MSDs) - Osteoarthritis Surgery - Joint replacement

Kyle J. Norton (Scholar)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are medical condition mostly caused by work related occupations and working environment, affecting patients’ muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments and nerves and developing over time. A community sample of 73 females and 32 males aged 85 and over underwent a standardised examination at home. Musculoskeletal pain was reported by 57% of those interviewed. A major restriction of joint movement range was frequent in the shoulder but uncommon in other joints(1).

Types of Musculo-Skeletal disorders in elder(2)
1. Osteoarthritis
2. Gout
3. Rheumatoid Arthritis
4. Polymalagia Arthritis
5. Cervical myleopathy and spinal canal stenosis
6. Osteoporosis
7. Low back pain
8. Fibromyalgia

                                Osteoarthritis 


Osteoarthritis (OA), a form of arthritis, is defined as a condition of as a result of aging causes of wear and tear on a joint, affecting over 25 million people in the United States in alone. University of Porto Medical School indicated that one must understand the differences in prevalence and incidence estimates of osteoarthritis (OA), according to case definition, in knee, hip and hand joints(3).


The characteristics of osteoarthritis are aching pain(5), stiffness(6), or difficulty of moving the joint or joints(7). The pain usually gets worse in change of weather, at night and in the advanced diseases, the pain can occur even at rest(8). Today management of osteoarthritis (OA) focuses on pain relief and improved physical function through pharmacological, non pharmacological, and surgical treatments(4).


                                 Surgery

Surgery only necessary if symptoms persist, depending on several factors, including the location and severity of OA damage, patient characteristics and risk factors.(265).


Joint replacement is a surgical procedure of orthopedic surgery to relief pain and to place the damaged joint surfaces(272). Over 1 million surgical procedure have been perform in elective total knee and hip replacements annually in the United States alone(273). According to study, over 70 % of patients who received rapid mobilization of total joint replacement patients recover safely and reduced the overall length of hospital stay(274).

Joint replacement is considered as a treatment only for patients with severe joint pain or dysfunction that can not be alleviated by non invasive treatments. But, according to Odense University Hospital, hip replacement can be postponed in patients with severe hip osteoarthritis if patients participate in a education and supervised exercise program(275).

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Sources
(273) Parachutes and Preferences - A Trial of Knee Replacement by Katz JN1.(PubMed)
(274) Rapid mobilization decreases length-of-stay in joint replacement patients by Tayrose G, Newman D, Slover J, Jaffe F, Hunter T, Bosco J 3rd.(PubMed)

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