Most Common Disease of50plus: The Clinical trials and Studies of Musculo-Skeletal disorders(MSDs)- Gout - Treatment In conventional medicine - Corticosteroids

Kyle J. Norton (Scholar and Master of Nutrients, all right reserved)Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are medical condition mostly caused by work related occupations and working environment, affecting patients’ muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments and nerves and developing over time. According to a community sample of 73 females and 32 males aged 85 and over underwent a standardised examination at home, musculoskeletal pain was reported by 57% of those interviewed(*).

Types of Musculo-Skeletal disorders in elder

1. Osteoarthritis
2. Gout
3. Rheumatoid Arthritis
4. Polymalagia Arthritis
5. Cervical myleopathy and spinal canal stenosis
6. Osteoporosis
7. Low back pain
8. Fibromyalgia

                                          Gout

Gout mostly effected one joint is an acute and recurrent condition of arthritis as a result of uric acid building up in blood, inducing joint inflammation.

              

                                              Treatments

A. In conventional medicine perspective

3. Corticosteroids
Corticosteroids, also known as terpod hormone, are an anti-inflammatory medicine prescribed for a wide range of conditions in reduced inflammation and suppressed the immune system.a. According to study, systemic corticosteroids could be used in severe poly articular flares(246). Anti-IL1 should provide a therapeutic alternative for severe cortico dependent gout with tophus(246). To prevent acute flares and reduce tophus volume, uric acid serum level should be reduced and maintained below 60mg/L (360μmol/L). The medicine is also considered as one of most frequent prescription for treatment of gout patients(247).


b. Side effects are not limit to
b.1. Stomach irritation
b.2. Rapid heartbeat
b.3. Nausea
b.4. Insomnia
b.5. A metallic taste in the mouth
b.6. Etc.

According to the University of Alberta, application of glucocorticoids has shown to induce pressure in the cardiovascular system include dyslipidemia and hypertension(249) as well as exhibiting certain psychiatric symptoms, including depression(250) and psychiatric complications such as psychosis, mania, hypomania, depression, apathy, anxiety, panic, depersonalization, delirium, confusion, hallucinations, delusions, paranoia, cognitive impairment and dementia(251).
Dr. Mitra R said, "Glucocorticoid (GC) exposure is the most common etiology of drug-induced (secondary) osteoporosis." and "GC stimulates osteoclast-mediated bone resorption and reduces osteoblast-mediated bone formation, which results in increased overall net bone resorption'(248).

All Forms of Arthritis are Curable
You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

References 

(246) [Treatment of gout].[Article in French]by Dubost JJ1, Mathieu S, Soubrier M.(PubMed)

(247) Dual-Energy CT in Patients with Suspected Gouty Arthritis:: Effects on Treatment Regimen and Clinical Outcome by Metzger SC1, Koehm M2, Wichmann JL1, Buettner S3, Scholtz JE1, Beeres M1, Kerl JM1, Albrecht MH1, Hammerstingl R1, Vogl TJ1, Bauer RW4.(PubMed)

(248) Adverse effects of corticosteroids on bone metabolism: a review. by Mitra R1.(PubMed)

(249) Adverse effects of corticosteroids on the cardiovascular system by Sholter DE1, Armstrong PW.(PubMed)

(250) Psychiatric adverse effects of corticosteroids by Warrington TP1, Bostwick JM.(PubMed)

(251) Psychiatric complications of treatment with corticosteroids: review with case report by Kenna HA1, Poon AW, de los Angeles CP, Koran LM.(PubMed)

Most Common Disease of50plus: The Clinical trials and Studies of Musculo-Skeletal disorders(MSDs)- Gout - Treatment In conventional medicine - Colchicine

Kyle J. Norton (Scholar and Master of Nutrients, all right reserved)Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are medical condition mostly caused by work related occupations and working environment, affecting patients’ muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments and nerves and developing over time. According to a community sample of 73 females and 32 males aged 85 and over underwent a standardised examination at home, musculoskeletal pain was reported by 57% of those interviewed(*).

Types of Musculo-Skeletal disorders in elder

1. Osteoarthritis
2. Gout
3. Rheumatoid Arthritis
4. Polymalagia Arthritis
5. Cervical myleopathy and spinal canal stenosis
6. Osteoporosis
7. Low back pain
8. Fibromyalgia

                                          Gout

Gout mostly effected one joint is an acute and recurrent condition of arthritis as a result of uric acid building up in blood, inducing joint inflammation.

              

                                              Treatments

A. In conventional medicine perspective

2. Colchicine
a. Colchicine, used for a long period in gout, was approved for the first time in 2009 by the FDA for the prophylaxis and the treatment of acute attack, on the basis of a pivotal trial that showed the efficacy in the very short term – that is 24 h of a well-tolerated, low-dose regimen of Colcrys (colchicine, URL Pharma, Philadelphia, USA) to reduce pain in patients with acute gout – when given early(242). Use of medication should monitor through tapering, high-sensitivity CRP monitoring, bleeding risk and contraindications to ASA/NSAID therapy(244).
The main function of the medicine is to block the inflammatory processes and result in its utility for treating and preventing acute gout flare. Colchicine may also be used for treatment of other chronic inflammatory diseases involved the over expression of these molecular pathways(245).

b. Side effects are not limit to
1. Diarrhea
2. Dizziness
3. Flushing
4. Hair loss
5. Headache
6. Loss of appetite
7. Nausea; sore gums
8. Stomach pain
9. Vomiting
10. Etc.
According to the review of the research paper of "Thiocolchicoside: review of adverse effects" liver injury, pancreatitis, seizures, blood cell disorders, severe cutaneous disorders, rhabdomyolysis and reproductive disorders have been found in gout patients with the use of the medication(243).Long term usage of the medication also exhibited central nervous system (CNS) adverse effects(244).

All Forms of Arthritis are Curable
You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

References 

(242) Effects of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) in gout, Author links open the overlay panel. Numbers correspond to the affiliation list which can be exposed by using the show more link by Alexander B. Gutman, M.D. 1, T.F. Yü, M.D.(Science direct)

(243) Thiocolchicoside: review of adverse effects by [No authors listed](PubMed)

(244) Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs and Aspirin Therapy for the Treatment of Acute and Recurrent Idiopathic Pericarditis by Schwier N1, Tran N2.(PubMed)

(245) Mechanism of action of colchicine in the treatment of gout by Dalbeth N1, Lauterio TJ2, Wolfe HR3.(PubMed)

Most Common Disease of50plus: The Clinical trials and Studies of Musculo-Skeletal disorders(MSDs)- Gout - Treatment In herbal medicine - Alfalfa

Kyle J. Norton (Scholar and Master of Nutrients, all right reserved)Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are medical condition mostly caused by work related occupations and working environment, affecting patients’ muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments and nerves and developing over time. According to a community sample of 73 females and 32 males aged 85 and over underwent a standardised examination at home, musculoskeletal pain was reported by 57% of those interviewed(*).

Types of Musculo-Skeletal disorders in elder

1. Osteoarthritis
2. Gout
3. Rheumatoid Arthritis
4. Polymalagia Arthritis
5. Cervical myleopathy and spinal canal stenosis
6. Osteoporosis
7. Low back pain
8. Fibromyalgia

                                          Gout

Gout mostly effected one joint is an acute and recurrent condition of arthritis as a result of uric acid building up in blood, inducing joint inflammation.

              

                                              Treatments

In herbal medicine perspective

3. Alfalfa
Alfalfa is a flowering plant in the genus Medicago, belongings to the family Fabaceae, cultivated all over the world as hay for cattle feeding. The leaves, sprouts, and seeds has been used in traditional medicine over thousands of year to treat high cholesterol, asthma, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, enhance digestive system, bleeding disorder, kidney and urinary tract infection, etc.

In the article by By jeffwend, the author wrote that Alfalfa can help to increase uric acid levels in the urine which can help reduce the amount of uric acid available to crystallize(270), probably due to the effectiveness of ethyl acetate extracts isolated from the herb in ameliorated production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and alleviate acute inflammatory hazards(271).
Dr. Ferrari FC and colleagues at the Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, in the investigation of Leaves infusion of Pimenta pseudocaryophyllus (Gomes) Landrum, expressed the inhibition of ethyl acetate extracts in anti-hyperuricemic effects through uricosuric effects and inhibition of xanthine oxidase throughits anti-inflammatory property(272).

The Universidade other study also insisted, "The ethyl acetate, methanolic and aqueous extracts of Sparattosperma leucanthum showed significant results on evaluated models and therefore may be important agents for the treatment of gouty arthritis and hyperuricemia"(273).

All Forms of Arthritis are Curable
You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

References
(270) Alfalfa For Gout, Updated on August 24, 2012(Treat and prevent gout with Alfalfa Tablets)

(271) Ethyl acetate extracts of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) sprouts inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in vitro and in vivo by Hong YH1, Chao WW, Chen ML, Lin BF.(PubMed)

(272) Effects of Pimenta pseudocaryophyllus extracts on gout: Anti-inflammatory activity and anti-hyperuricemic effect through xantine oxidase and uricosuric action by Ferrari FC1, Lemos Lima Rde C1, Schimith Ferraz Filha Z1, Barros CH1, de Paula Michel Araújo MC1, Antunes Saúde-Guimarães D2.(PubMed)

(273) Effects of extracts of leaves from Sparattosperma leucanthum on hyperuricemia and gouty arthritis by Lemos Lima Rde C1, Ferrari FC1, de Souza MR1, de Sá Pereira BM1, de Paula CA1, Saúde-Guimarães DA2.(PubMed)

Most Common Disease of50plus: The Clinical trials and Studies of Musculo-Skeletal disorders(MSDs)- Gout - Treatment In conventional medicine - Acetaminophen

Kyle J. Norton (Scholar and Master of Nutrients, all right reserved)Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are medical condition mostly caused by work related occupations and working environment, affecting patients’ muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments and nerves and developing over time. According to a community sample of 73 females and 32 males aged 85 and over underwent a standardised examination at home, musculoskeletal pain was reported by 57% of those interviewed(*).

Types of Musculo-Skeletal disorders in elder

1. Osteoarthritis
2. Gout
3. Rheumatoid Arthritis
4. Polymalagia Arthritis
5. Cervical myleopathy and spinal canal stenosis
6. Osteoporosis
7. Low back pain
8. Fibromyalgia

                                          Gout

Gout mostly effected one joint is an acute and recurrent condition of arthritis as a result of uric acid building up in blood, inducing joint inflammation.

              

                                              Treatments

A. In conventional medicine perspective
A.1. Acetaminophen
Acetaminophen is an analgesic drug used by conventional medicine for treatment of headaches, arthritis, etc., as well as reducing fever, often as an alternative to aspirin without causing gastrointestinal adverse effecta. Acetaminophen such as Tylenol can help to relive the pain of Gout.
b. Side effects if overdose, are not limit to
b.1. Nausea and vomiting
b.2. Appetite loss
b.3. Sweating
b.4. Diarrhea
b.5. Irritability
b.6. Abdominal pain
b.7. Etc.
The University of Adelaide, in a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, showed that application of acetaminophen was associated with adverse effects of suppression of serum neutralizing antibody response and increased nasal symptoms and signs(233) and hepatic  damage(234) and toxicity(234).

Dr. Bhargava VO and Dr. Hirate J., said, " the relative contribution of the gastrointestinal tract and liver to the oral first-pass effect of acetaminophen may be dose-dependent"(235).

A.2. The study of Gout–what are the treatment options? indicated that The options available for the treatment of acute gout (236)are

1. NSAIDs
a. NSAIDs, also known as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents/analgesics are commonly prescribed to control gout attacks in patients with hyperuricaemia.
Colchicine, due to economic affordable to many patients has been prescribed for treatment of gout with less adverse effects such as better tolerated, especially in patients with peptic ulcer, gastrointestinal bleeding or dyspepsia or who are taking anticoagulants(237), in acute gout patients.

According to the joint study led by the Lanzhou University in review of researched articles from 1983 until August 2014 suggested, beside "pain relief as the primary outcome, Tenderness, swelling, patients' global assessments of response to treatment, and investigators' global assessments of response to treatment were reported as the secondary outcomes"(238) with certain adverse effects depending to types of medicine and dose manner.

b. Side effects are not limit to
Dr. Bjarnason I, and the research team at King’s College School of Medicine and Dentistry, in the study of Side effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on the small and large intestine in humans, suggested "Ingested NSAIDs may cause a nonspecific colitis (in particular, fenemates), and many patients with collagenous colitis are taking NSAIDs. Large intestinal ulcers, bleeding, and perforation are occasionally due to NSAIDs. NSAIDs may cause relapse of classic inflammatory bowel disease and contribute to serious complications of diverticular disease (fistula and perforation)" and
"NSAIDs may occasionally cause small intestinal perforation, ulcers, and strictures requiring surgery. NSAIDs, however, frequently cause small intestinal inflammation, and the associated complications of blood loss and protein loss may lead to difficult management problems"  and "The pathogenesis of NSAID enteropathy is a multistage process involving specific biochemical and subcellular organelle damage followed by a relatively nonspecific tissue reaction. The various possible treatments of NSAID-induced enteropathy (sulphasalazine, misoprostol, metronidazole) have yet to undergo rigorous trials"(239).
Dr. Davies NM and colleagues at the University of Sydney insisted, Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may also cause damage distal to the duodenum, through involving specific biochemical and subcellular organelle damage followed by inflammatory tissue reaction(240).

Furthermore, Dr. Davies NM said, "Because NSAIDS are widely prescribed and some are available without a prescription, heightened awareness of these toxicologic manifestations throughout the GI tract may reduce morbidity"(241).

All Forms of Arthritis are Curable
You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

References

(233) Adverse effects of aspirin, acetaminophen, and ibuprofen on immune function, viral shedding, and clinical status in rhinovirus-infected volunteers by Graham NM1, Burrell CJ, Douglas RM, Debelle P, Davies L.(PubMed)

(234) Hepatic differentiation of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells and adverse effects of arsanilic acid and acetaminophen during in vitro hepatic developmental stage by Kwon MJ1, Kang SJ, Park YI, Yang YH, Bang SI, Park YH, So B, Cho MH, Kang HG.(PubMed)

(235) Gastrointestinal, liver, and lung extraction ratio of acetaminophen in the rat after high dose administration by Bhargava VO1, Hirate J.(PubMed)

(236) Gout--what are the treatment options? by Schlesinger N1, Dalbeth N, Perez-Ruiz F.(PubMed)

(237) Preventing acute gout when starting allopurinol therapy. Colchicine or NSAIDs? by Kot TV1, Day RO, Brooks PM.(PubMed)

(238) Efficacy and safety of etoricoxib compared with NSAIDs in acute gout: a systematic review and a meta-analysis by Zhang S1, Zhang Y1, Liu P1, Zhang W1, Ma JL1, Wang J2,3.(PubMed)

(239) Side effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on the small and large intestine in humans by Bjarnason I1, Hayllar J, MacPherson AJ, Russell AS.(PubMed)

(240) Detection and prevention of NSAID-induced enteropathy by Davies NM1, Saleh JY, Skjodt NM.(PubMed)

(241) Toxicity of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the large intestine by Davies NM1.(PubMed)

Most Common Disease of50plus: The Clinical trials and Studies of Musculo-Skeletal disorders(MSDs)- Gout - The Free radical scavengers Vitamin D

Kyle J. Norton (Scholar and Master of Nutrients, all right reserved)Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are medical condition mostly caused by work related occupations and working environment, affecting patients’ muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments and nerves and developing over time. According to a community sample of 73 females and 32 males aged 85 and over underwent a standardised examination at home, musculoskeletal pain was reported by 57% of those interviewed(*).

Types of Musculo-Skeletal disorders in elder

1. Osteoarthritis
2. Gout
3. Rheumatoid Arthritis
4. Polymalagia Arthritis
5. Cervical myleopathy and spinal canal stenosis
6. Osteoporosis
7. Low back pain
8. Fibromyalgia

                                          Gout

Gout mostly effected one joint is an acute and recurrent condition of arthritis as a result of uric acid building up in blood, inducing joint inflammation.

               The Free radical scavengers

 Dr. Choi HK in the study of dietary risk factors for rheumatic diseases said, "Because diet is an unavoidable universal exposure for people, even a small effect that can be achieved by dietary manipulation may produce a large impact on the population's health" and "A recent prospective study investigated several purported dietary factors for gout and confirmed some of the long-standing suspicions (red meats, seafood, beer, and liquor), exonerated others (total protein, wine, and purine-rich vegetables), and also identified potentially new protective factors (dairy products)"(185).

1. The Free radical scavengers

1.3. Vitamin D
Vitamin D is a fat-soluble secosteroids found in small amount in few foods, including salmon, mackerel, sardines and tuna. The vitamin plays an important role in modulation of cellular proliferation, apoptosis induction, tumor growth suppression and promotion in absorption of minerals, including calcium, iron, magnesium, phosphate and zinc.

According to the The Affiliated Hospital of the Medical College, lower serum 25(OH)D levels is found to associated to patients with gout involved the attenuation of regulating immune system  in fighting against the inflammatory parameters(182)(183).

In fact, Dr. Takahashi S and colleagues at the Hyogo College of Medicine said, in the study of serum of concentrations of 1,25(OH)2-vitamin D3 in patients with gout, "The administration of uric acid lowering agent to the patients for 1 year caused a significant increase in their serum 1,25(OH)2-vitamin D3 concentration which was associated with a significant decrease in their serum uric acid concentration"(184).

All Forms of Arthritis are Curable
You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

References
(183) Serum vitamin D and C-reactive protein levels are independently associated with diastolic dysfunction by Akin F1, Ayça B, Köse N, Celik O, Yilmaz Y, Akin MN, Arinc H, Ozkok A, Covic A, Kanbay M.(PubMed)
(184) Decreased serum concentrations of 1,25(OH)2-vitamin D3 in patients with gout by Takahashi S1, Yamamoto T, Moriwaki Y, Tsutsumi Z, Yamakita J, Higashino K.(PubMed)
(185) Dietary risk factors for rheumatic diseases by Choi HK1.(PubMed)

Most Common Disease of50plus: The Clinical trials and Studies of Musculo-Skeletal disorders(MSDs)- Gout - The Free radical scavengers Vitamin C

Kyle J. Norton (Scholar and Master of Nutrients, all right reserved)Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are medical condition mostly caused by work related occupations and working environment, affecting patients’ muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments and nerves and developing over time. According to a community sample of 73 females and 32 males aged 85 and over underwent a standardised examination at home, musculoskeletal pain was reported by 57% of those interviewed(*).

Types of Musculo-Skeletal disorders in elder

1. Osteoarthritis
2. Gout
3. Rheumatoid Arthritis
4. Polymalagia Arthritis
5. Cervical myleopathy and spinal canal stenosis
6. Osteoporosis
7. Low back pain
8. Fibromyalgia

                                          Gout

Gout mostly effected one joint is an acute and recurrent condition of arthritis as a result of uric acid building up in blood, inducing joint inflammation.

The Antioxidants: The Free radical scavengers

 Dr. Choi HK in the study of dietary risk factors for rheumatic diseases said, "Because diet is an unavoidable universal exposure for people, even a small effect that can be achieved by dietary manipulation may produce a large impact on the population's health" and "A recent prospective study investigated several purported dietary factors for gout and confirmed some of the long-standing suspicions (red meats, seafood, beer, and liquor), exonerated others (total protein, wine, and purine-rich vegetables), and also identified potentially new protective factors (dairy products)"(185).

1. The Free radical scavengers

1.2. Vitamin C

Vitamin C, also known as L-ascorbate is a water soluble vitamin with a chemical structure formula of C6H6O6. The vitamin cannot be stored in the body for more than 24 hours. Oral administration of vitamin C is associated to reduced risk of levels of serum uric acid (sUA) in chronic gout patients(178).

In fact, epidemiological evidence(180) has shown an support of the question of lifestyle and diet involved in significant role in gout and serum uric acid level which had been raised 2500 years ago, particular over intake of vitamin C(179).

A pilot randomized controlled trial involved patients with gout and an SU level >0.36 mmoles/liter (6 mg/dl), researchers at the University of Otago suggested that modest dosage of vitamin C (500 mg/day) for 8 weeks had no clinically significant urate-lowering effects in patients with gout of which differ from the findings in healthy control subjects with hyperuricemia(181) and contradicted to the study conducted by Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (vitamin C supplementation significantly lowered SUA, in reduced hyperuricemia or prevent incident and recurrent gout)(182).

All Forms of Arthritis are Curable
You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

References

(178) Dietary supplements for chronic gout by Andrés M1, Sivera F, Falzon L, Buchbinder R, Carmona L.(PubMed)

(179) The association of vitamin C, alcohol, coffee, tea, milk and yogurt with uric acid and gout by Towiwat P1, Li ZG2.(PubMed)

(180) Epidemiology of gout by Roddy E1, Choi HK2.(PubMed)

(181) Clinically insignificant effect of supplemental vitamin C on serum urate in patients with gout: a pilot randomized controlled trial by Stamp LK1, O'Donnell JL, Frampton C, Drake JM, Zhang M, Chapman PT.(PubMed)

(182) Effect of oral vitamin C supplementation on serum uric acid: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials by Juraschek SP1, Miller ER 3rd, Gelber AC.(PubMed)

(185) Dietary risk factors for rheumatic diseases by Choi HK1.(PubMed)

(182) Polymorphisms in the vitamin D receptor and risk of gout in Chinese Han male population by Liu SG1, Li YY, Sun RX, Wang JL, Li XD, Han L, Chu N, Li CG.(PubMed)

Most Common Disease of50plus: The Clinical trials and Studies of Musculo-Skeletal disorders(MSDs)- Gout - The Phytochemicals

Kyle J. Norton (Scholar and Master of Nutrients, all right reserved)Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are medical condition mostly caused by work related occupations and working environment, affecting patients’ muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments and nerves and developing over time. According to a community sample of 73 females and 32 males aged 85 and over underwent a standardised examination at home, musculoskeletal pain was reported by 57% of those interviewed(*).

Types of Musculo-Skeletal disorders in elder

1. Osteoarthritis
2. Gout
3. Rheumatoid Arthritis
4. Polymalagia Arthritis
5. Cervical myleopathy and spinal canal stenosis
6. Osteoporosis
7. Low back pain
8. Fibromyalgia

                                          Gout

Gout mostly effected one joint is an acute and recurrent condition of arthritis as a result of uric acid building up in blood, inducing joint inflammation.

The Phytochemicals to prevent Gout


1. Quercetin and Rutin
Quercetin is a plant pigments belongings to the group of flavonoids and its conjugate rutin is a quercetin-3-O-rutinoside and sophorin, according to Dr. Zhu JX and research team at the School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University expressed inhibition of enzyme activities in mouse liver in relation to their absorption and metabolism, and their potential application to treat gout and hyperuricemia(161). Dr. Shi Y and Dr. Williamson G said" quercetin treatment, plasma uric acid concentrations were significantly lowered by -26·5 µmol/l (95 % CI, -7·6, -45·5; P=0·008), without affecting fasting glucose, urinary excretion of uric acid or blood pressure" in a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial(162). The antioxidant also exerted a strong anti-inflammatory effect that may be useful for the treatment of acute gouty arthritis, TianJin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine(163)

2. Morin
Morin (3,5,7,2′,4′-pentahydroxyflavone), a phytochemical found in the twigs of Morus alba L. documented in traditional Chinese medicinal literature to treat conditions akin to gout, was demonstrated to exert potent inhibitory action on urate uptake in rat renal brush-border membrane vesicles(164). In the study of Ramulus Mori, the branch of Morus alba, is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions to treat gout and hyperuricemia, researchers at the Nanjing University suggested that the effectiveness of the herbal medicine in treating gout, probably due to the presence of antioxidants, including morin(165).
According to the Nanchang University, luteolin exhibited a stronger synergistic effect with kaempferol than did morin at the lower concentration(166).

3. Other phytochemicals
13 flavonoids  including myricetin, kaempferol, icariin, apigenin, luteolin, baicalin, silibinin, naringenin, formonoetin, genistein, puerarin, daidzin and naringin dihydrochalcone selected to investigate for their hypouricemic action in mice, also significantly reduced liver uric acid level in hyperuricemic animals(167).

3.1. Myricetin
Myricetin is one of the flavonoid class of polyphenolic compounds, found abundantly in fruits and vegetables, including berries.
According to Dr. Li Y and colleagues, Myricetin and luteolin expressed binding to the xanthine oxidase and cyclooxygenase-2 in attenuate the complex pathogenesis of gout, a metabolic disease(168). The Sri Ramakrishna Institute of Paramedical Sciences study also exhibited the protective effect of asepigallocatechin, acacatechin, myricetin, naringenin, daidzein and glycitein in reduced the expression of in gout patients(169).

In support of the effectiveness of flavonoids for treatment of gout, Universidad Nacional de Asunción insisted that quercitrin, quercetin, myricitrin and myricetin strongly displayed the xanthine oxidase inhibitory action against the over expression of gout(170).

3.2 Kaempferol

Kaempferol is one of the flavonoid class of polyphenolic compounds, found abundantly in fruits and vegetable with formula C15H10O6. According to the Nanchang University, the phytochemical catalyze xanthine to generate uric acid and cause hyperuricemia and gout, through it direct interference of site of Xanthine oxidase (XO), a key enzyme in purine catabolism(171).

Dr. Ahmad NS and colleagues at the National University of Sciences and Technology suggested that kaempferol-3-O-beta-d-glucopyranoside isolated from Pistacia integerrima leaves, exhibited dose dependent UA lowering effect in hyperuricemic mice(172).

3.3 Icariin 
Icariin, a flavonol glycoside, type of flavonoid is a 8-prenyl derivative of kaempferol 3,7-O-diglucoside. According to the Nanjing University, icariin exhibited anti hyperuricemic and over expression of gout effects through inhibition on the liver xanthine oxidase (XOD) activities(167).

3.4. Apigenin 
Apigenin, a natural product belonging to the flavone class, remarkedly lowered serum uric acid levels in potassium oxonate induced hyperuricemic mouse, according to the study by the Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology(173). Apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucoside, derivative of apigenin isolated from Olea europaea leaf (Ph.Eur.) extract, exhibited strongly the anti-gout property through expression of inhibitory effects on xanthine oxidase (XO)(174).

3.5. Luteolin
According to Dr. Li Y and colleagues, Myricetin and luteolin expressed binding to the xanthine oxidase and cyclooxygenase-2 in attenuate the complex pathogenesis of gout, a metabolic disease(168).

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References

(161) Effects of Biota orientalis extract and its flavonoid constituents, quercetin and rutin on serum uric acid levels in oxonate-induced mice and xanthine dehydrogenase and xanthine oxidase activities in mouse liver by Zhu JX1, Wang Y, Kong LD, Yang C, Zhang X.(PubMed)
(162) Quercetin lowers plasma uric acid in pre-hyperuricaemic males: a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial by Shi Y1, Williamson G1.(PubMed)

(163) Therapeutic properties of quercetin on monosodium urate crystal-induced inflammation in rat by Huang J1, Zhu M, Tao Y, Wang S, Chen J, Sun W, Li S.(PubMed)

(164) The dual actions of morin (3,5,7,2',4'-pentahydroxyflavone) as a hypouricemic agent: uricosuric effect and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity by Yu Z1, Fong WP, Cheng CH.(PubMed)

(165) Uricosuric and nephroprotective properties of Ramulus Mori ethanol extract in hyperuricemic mice by Shi YW1, Wang CP, Wang X, Zhang YL, Liu L, Wang RW, Ye JF, Hu LS, Kong LD.(PubMed)

(166) Novel insights into the inhibitory mechanism of kaempferol on xanthine oxidase by Wang Y1, Zhang G, Pan J, Gong D.(PubMed)

(167) Hypouricemic action of selected flavonoids in mice: structure-activity relationships by Mo SF1, Zhou F, Lv YZ, Hu QH, Zhang DM, Kong LD.(PubMed)

(168) Virtual and in vitro bioassay screening of phytochemical inhibitors from flavonoids and isoflavones against xanthine oxidase and cyclooxygenase-2 for gout treatment by Li Y, Frenz CM, Li Z, Chen M, Wang Y, Li F, Luo C, Sun J, bohlin L, Li Z, Yang H, Wang C.(PubMed)