Friday 13 August 2021

Cranberry Inhibits the Formation of Advanced Glycation End-Products Induced-Oxidative Stress

By Kyle J. Norton

Advanced glycation end is byproduces formed by protein or fat combine with sugar caused by cooking meat at high temperatures.

The products have been found to affect metabolic health.

The most common causes of AGEs are from the diet, particularly in people who follow the Western diet with high saturated and trans fat, a lot of red meats and processed foods.

Low levels of AGEs may not be a problem, however, overexpression of AGEs can induce oxidative stress, leading to inflammation and damage proteins, lipid and sometimes alternation of cells DNA.

In other words, AGEs initiate the production and free radicals and free radical a chain reaction in inducing oxidative stress that can not be stopped until all electrons in the outer ring paired or inhibited by antioxidants.

Oxidative stress is a result of an imbalance of the ratio of free radicals and antioxidants in the body.

Antioxidants are stable atom that plays a critical role in protecting the body against the attack of free radicals.

Free radicals are highly reactive molecules with an unpaired electron on the outer ring of the atom.

Due to its nature to become stable, free radicals readily to donate or steal an electron from other molecules, leading to the chain of domino's effect that can not be stopped until either the electrons are paired or inhibited by antioxidants.

Accelerated formation and accumulation of advanced glycation end-products have been found to increased hyperglycemia or oxidative stress, leading to age-related and chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus, chronic renal failure, neurodegenerative diseases, osteoarthritis and also non-diabetic atherosclerosis and chronic heart failure.

Cranberry is an evergreen dwarf shrub, genus Vaccinium, belongings to the family Ericaceae, native to Northern America and Southern Asia. Because of its health benefits, cranberry has been cultivated in some parts of the world for commercial profit and used in traditional and herbal medicine to treat wounds, urinary disorders, diarrhea, diabetes, stomach ailments, and liver problems.

On finding a potential compound for the treatment of diseases associated with oxidative stress, researchers investigated the ligosaccharide-enriched fraction purified from the North American cranberry anti-AGEs and free radical scavenging effects.

According to the DPPH free radical scavenging assay, Cranf1b-CL isolated from the fraction showed superior activity to the synthetic commercial antioxidant, butylated hydroxytoluene, compared to the positive control (IC50 = 680 vs. 2200μg/mL, respectively).

Cranf1b-CL was found to inhibit AGEs formation in a concentration-dependent manner with comparable activity to the synthetic anti-glycating agent, aminoguanidine, used as the positive control (57 vs. 75%; both at 500μg/mL).

Furthermore, Cranf1b-CL showed superior activity to the synthetic commercial antioxidant, butylated hydroxytoluene, used as the positive control (IC50 = 680 vs. 2200μg/mL, respectively).

Based on the findings, researchers said, "in vitro anti-AGEs and free radical scavenging effects of cranberry oligosaccharides support previous data suggesting that these constituents may also contribute to biological effects of the whole fruit beyond its phenolic constituents alone.".

Taken altogether, cranberry combined with other herbal medicine may be considered a remedy for the inhibition of AGE in the contribution of free radical expression, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)

Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Effect of cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) oligosaccharides on the formation of advanced glycation end-products by Sun J1, Liu W2, Ma H1, Marais JPJ3, Khoo C3, Dain JA2, Rowley DC1, Seeram NP. (PubMed)

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