Candida albicans are members of a large group of micro organism whose cells contain complex structures enclosed within the membranes, including yeast(2)(3), fungi(4)(5)(6), and mold(6) that live among the gut flora in the human mouth and gastrointestinal tract.
Non-albicans Candida (NAC) species cause 35-65% of all candidaemias in the general patient population(1).
Phytochemicals are various biologically active compounds found in plants.
The major function of these chemical compound is to protect the host plant against oxidation
Today, the name list of phytochemicals found in plants are only represented a tiny fraction of entire pytochemicals family.
According to general belief, human will never find a complete list of phytochemicals in plants which contains millions of known and unknown species.
In human, intake of phytochemical regularly from food sources is found to exhibit certain health benefits, including
* To act as antioxidant against free radical over expression in initiated change of cellular DNA - the early onset of developing certain types of cancer(a)
* To act as hormones modulator against imbalance of hormone in the host(b).
* To act as enzymes stimulator against imbalance of ratio of host antioxidant and ROS levels(c).
High levels of free radical facilitated oxidative stress are associated to risk of chronic physical and mental health.
Imbalance of ratio of ROS species and antioxidant enzymes in the host tissue have played an essential role in initiated expression of healthy cell cytotoxicity that can alternate DNA transcription in precipitated the development of of chronic ailments such as over growth of candida.
* To act as anti infection agent(d) against micro organisms which cause inflammation due acute and chronic infection.
In many cases, biofilm(microorganisms with cells stick to each other on a surface) formation(7) gene mutations(8) and over expression of genes(9)(10) are often associated with increased candida resistance toward antifungal drugs.
The Anti Over Growth of Candida Phytochemicals
Today, the name list of phytochemicals found in plants are only represented a tiny fraction of entire pytochemicals family.
According to general belief, human will never find a complete list of phytochemicals in plants which contains millions of known and unknown species.
In human, intake of phytochemical regularly from food sources is found to exhibit certain health benefits, including
* To act as antioxidant against free radical over expression in initiated change of cellular DNA - the early onset of developing certain types of cancer(a)
* To act as hormones modulator against imbalance of hormone in the host(b).
* To act as enzymes stimulator against imbalance of ratio of host antioxidant and ROS levels(c).
High levels of free radical facilitated oxidative stress are associated to risk of chronic physical and mental health.
Imbalance of ratio of ROS species and antioxidant enzymes in the host tissue have played an essential role in initiated expression of healthy cell cytotoxicity that can alternate DNA transcription in precipitated the development of of chronic ailments such as over growth of candida.
* To act as anti infection agent(d) against micro organisms which cause inflammation due acute and chronic infection.
In many cases, biofilm(microorganisms with cells stick to each other on a surface) formation(7) gene mutations(8) and over expression of genes(9)(10) are often associated with increased candida resistance toward antifungal drugs.
The Anti Over Growth of Candida Phytochemicals
1. L-glutamine
L-glutamine is one of the 20 amino acids encoded by the standard genetic code and used to treat certain gastrointestinal disorders(342)(343) by serving as a source of fuel for the cells that line the gastrointestinal tract.
According to Ankara University, L-glutamine inhibited the over growth of candida through its antimutagenic and antimicrobial activities(344).
2. N-acetyl-glucosamine
N-acetyl-glucosamine is a monosaccharide derivative of glucose that supports the digestive track function and maintains healthy intestinal lining by stimulating cell growth in the intestinal track(345).
According to National Institute of Plant Genome Research, GIG2 (GlcNAc-induced gene 2). involved in the metabolism of N-acetylneuraminate (sialic acid), effectively decreased fungal burden in mouse model(346).
3. Rice-bran oil Extracted
from the germ and inner husk of rice, containing a compound gamma-oryzanol(347) showed to reduce the risk of gastric ulcers caused by stress while at the same time maintaining gastrointestinal motility(348).
According to Manipal Academy of Higher Education (Deemed University, rice bran oil immobilized lipase from Candida, a potential pathway for fungal overgrowth(349).
4. Pancreatic enzymes supplements
Pancreatic enzymes, found as supplements and in certain foods allow more bacteria to grow in the intestine by enabling the food to be digested a lot easier(350). Insufficient pancreatic enzymes can quickly encourage Candida overgrowth in the digestive tracts(351).
5. Butyric acid
Butyric acid, a fatty acid occurring in the form of esters in animal fats and plant oils, was effective in inhibited pathogenic organisms(352) through improved digestion and promoted intestinal health(353) by producing bacteria to feed on lactic acid, then multiplying and revving up their production(354) .
Butyric acid also consists anti-inflammatory property(355) and strengthens the intestinal mucosal barrier.(356).
5. Fructo-oligosaccharides(FOS)
Fructo-oligosaccharides(FOS) is a class of oligosaccharides used as an artificial or alternative sweetener(357), extracted from fruits and vegetables such as bananas, onions, chicory root, garlic, asparagus, barley, wheat, tomatoes, and leeks(358). It is inulin-type prebiotics(359), stimulated the growth of friendly bacteria in the intestine track to counter react to other bad bacteria(360)(362) such as candida. Oligosaccharides also induce gas formation, through increasing faecal biomass and water content of the stools, for improvement of bowel habits(361),
Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Loose Weight
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Sources
(a) Effective anti-cancer property of Pouteria sapota leaf on breast cancer cell lines by Prabhu DS1, Selvam AP2, Rajeswari VD(PubMed)
(b) Phytosteroids beyond estrogens: Regulators of reproductive and endocrine function in natural products by Dean M1, Murphy BT1, Burdette JE(PubMed)
(c) Upregulation of phase II enzymes through phytochemical activation of Nrf2 protects cardiomyocytes against oxidant stress by Reuland DJ1, Khademi S, Castle CJ, Irwin DC, McCord JM, Miller BF, Hamilton K(PubMed)
(d) Antibacterial activities, phytochemical analysis and chemical composition Makhlaseh extracts against the growth of some pathogenic strain causing poisoning and infection by Alizadeh Behbahani B1, Imani Fooladi AA(PubMed)
(2) Pathogenicity and drug resistance in Candida albicans and other yeastspecies. A review by Mishra NN1, Prasad T, Sharma N, Payasi A, Prasad R, Gupta DK, Singh R.(PubMed)
(3) Multidrug resistance in yeast Candida by Prasad R1, Kapoor K.(PubMerd)
(4) New evidence that Candida albicans possesses additional ATP-binding cassette MDR-like genes: implications for antifungal azole resistance. by Walsh TJ1, Kasai M, Francesconi A, Landsman D, Chanock SJ.(PubMed)
(5) Mechanisms of resistance to azole antifungal agents in Candida albicans isolates from AIDS patients involve specific multidrug transporters.by Sanglard D1, Kuchler K, Ischer F, Pagani JL, Monod M, Bille J.(PubMed)
(6) Structural analysis of phospho-D-mannan-protein complexes isolated from yeast and mold form cells of Candida albicans NIH A-207 serotype A strain by Shibata N1, Fukasawa S, Kobayashi H, Tojo M, Yonezu T, Ambo A, Ohkubo Y, Suzuki S.(PubMed)
(7) The effect of antifungal combination on transcripts of a subset of drug-resistance genes in clinical isolates of Candida species induced biofilms by Ibrahim NH1, Melake NA2, Somily AM3, Zakaria AS4, Baddour MM5, Mahmoud AZ6(PubMed)
(8) Antifungal drug resistance in pathogenic fungi. by Vanden Bossche H1, Dromer F, Improvisi I, Lozano-Chiu M, Rex JH, Sanglard D.(PubMed)
(9) The genetic basis of fluconazole resistance development in Candida albicans by Morschhäuser J1.(PubMed)
(10) A proteomic approach to understanding the development of multidrug-resistant Candida albicans strains by Kusch H1, Biswas K, Schwanfelder S, Engelmann S, Rogers PD, Hecker M, Morschhäuser J.(PubMed)
(342) Glutamine supplementation for young infants with severe gastrointestinal disease. by Brown
JV1, Moe-Byrne T, McGuire W.(PubMed)
(343) Glutamine and intestinal barrier function ,By Wang B1, Wu G, Zhou Z, Dai Z, Sun Y, Ji Y, Li W, Wang W, Liu C, Han F, Wu Z.(PubMed)
(344) Schiff bases attached L-glutamine and L-asparagine: first investigation on antimutagenic and antimicrobial analyses by Sakiyan I1, Anar M, Oğütcü H, Agar G, Sarı N.(PubMed)
(345)Explore The Truth On Cures For Yeast Infection(Thing for Ladies)
(346) and maintains healthy intestinal lining(Thing for Ladies)(347) Role of gamma-oryzanol in drought-tolerant and susceptible cultivars of rice (Oryza sativa L.) by Kumar MS, Dahuja A, Rai RD, Walia S, Tyagi A.(PubMed)
(348) [Effects of gamma-oryzanol on gastric lesions and small intestinal propulsive activity in mice].
[Article in Japanese] by Ichimaru Y, Moriyama M, Ichimaru M, Gomita Y.(PubMed)(349) Hydrolysis of rice bran oil using an immobilized lipase from Candidarugosa in isooctane by Murty VR1, Bhat J, Muniswaran PK.(PubMed)
(350) The use of dual-isotope imaging to compare the gastrointestinaltransit of food and pancreatic enzyme pellets in cystic fibrosis patients by Hillel PG1, Tindale WB, Taylor CJ, Frier M, Senior S, Ghosal S.(PubMed)
(351) The Best Digestive Enzymes For Candida(Digestive health Guide)
(352) Purification and characterization of antibacterial substances produced by a marine bacterium Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis strain by Hayashida-Soiza G1, Uchida A, Mori N, Kuwahara Y, Ishida Y.(PubMed)
(353) Induction of rhythmic transient depolarizations associated with waxing and waning of slow wave activity in intestinal smooth muscle by Pawelka AJ1, Huizinga JD2.(PubMed)
(354) Fermentation Analysis & Evaluation(daily one)
(355) Anti-inflammatory effects of sodium butyrate on human monocytes: potent inhibition of IL-12 and up-regulation of IL-10 production by Säemann MD1, Böhmig GA, Osterreicher CH, Burtscher H, Parolini O, Diakos C, Stöckl J, Hörl WH, Zlabinger GJ.(PubMed)
(356) Inhibition of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase attenuates butyrate-induced intestinal barrier impairment in a Caco-2 cell monolayer model by Huang XZ1, Li ZR, Zhu LB, Huang HY, Hou LL, Lin J.(PubMed)
(357) Functional characterization of sucrose phosphorylase and scrR, a regulator of sucrose metabolism in Lactobacillus reuteri by Teixeira JS1, Abdi R, Su MS, Schwab C, Gänzle MG.(PubMed)
(358) Fructo-oligosaccharides(FOS)(Wikipedia)
(359) [Synthesis of novel fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) by enzymatic reaction].[Article in French]by Grizard D1, Barthomeuf C.(PubMed)
(360) Inulin-type prebiotics--a review: part 1 by Kelly G.(PubMed)
(361) Introducing inulin-type fructans by Roberfroid MB1.(PubMed)
(362) Studies with Inulin-Type Fructans on Intestinal Infections, Permeability, and Inflammation,
by Francisco Guarner(The Journal of Nutrition)
L-glutamine is one of the 20 amino acids encoded by the standard genetic code and used to treat certain gastrointestinal disorders(342)(343) by serving as a source of fuel for the cells that line the gastrointestinal tract.
According to Ankara University, L-glutamine inhibited the over growth of candida through its antimutagenic and antimicrobial activities(344).
2. N-acetyl-glucosamine
N-acetyl-glucosamine is a monosaccharide derivative of glucose that supports the digestive track function and maintains healthy intestinal lining by stimulating cell growth in the intestinal track(345).
According to National Institute of Plant Genome Research, GIG2 (GlcNAc-induced gene 2). involved in the metabolism of N-acetylneuraminate (sialic acid), effectively decreased fungal burden in mouse model(346).
3. Rice-bran oil Extracted
from the germ and inner husk of rice, containing a compound gamma-oryzanol(347) showed to reduce the risk of gastric ulcers caused by stress while at the same time maintaining gastrointestinal motility(348).
According to Manipal Academy of Higher Education (Deemed University, rice bran oil immobilized lipase from Candida, a potential pathway for fungal overgrowth(349).
4. Pancreatic enzymes supplements
Pancreatic enzymes, found as supplements and in certain foods allow more bacteria to grow in the intestine by enabling the food to be digested a lot easier(350). Insufficient pancreatic enzymes can quickly encourage Candida overgrowth in the digestive tracts(351).
5. Butyric acid
Butyric acid, a fatty acid occurring in the form of esters in animal fats and plant oils, was effective in inhibited pathogenic organisms(352) through improved digestion and promoted intestinal health(353) by producing bacteria to feed on lactic acid, then multiplying and revving up their production(354) .
Butyric acid also consists anti-inflammatory property(355) and strengthens the intestinal mucosal barrier.(356).
5. Fructo-oligosaccharides(FOS)
Fructo-oligosaccharides(FOS) is a class of oligosaccharides used as an artificial or alternative sweetener(357), extracted from fruits and vegetables such as bananas, onions, chicory root, garlic, asparagus, barley, wheat, tomatoes, and leeks(358). It is inulin-type prebiotics(359), stimulated the growth of friendly bacteria in the intestine track to counter react to other bad bacteria(360)(362) such as candida. Oligosaccharides also induce gas formation, through increasing faecal biomass and water content of the stools, for improvement of bowel habits(361),
Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Loose Weight
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Sources
(a) Effective anti-cancer property of Pouteria sapota leaf on breast cancer cell lines by Prabhu DS1, Selvam AP2, Rajeswari VD(PubMed)
(b) Phytosteroids beyond estrogens: Regulators of reproductive and endocrine function in natural products by Dean M1, Murphy BT1, Burdette JE(PubMed)
(c) Upregulation of phase II enzymes through phytochemical activation of Nrf2 protects cardiomyocytes against oxidant stress by Reuland DJ1, Khademi S, Castle CJ, Irwin DC, McCord JM, Miller BF, Hamilton K(PubMed)
(d) Antibacterial activities, phytochemical analysis and chemical composition Makhlaseh extracts against the growth of some pathogenic strain causing poisoning and infection by Alizadeh Behbahani B1, Imani Fooladi AA(PubMed)
(2) Pathogenicity and drug resistance in Candida albicans and other yeastspecies. A review by Mishra NN1, Prasad T, Sharma N, Payasi A, Prasad R, Gupta DK, Singh R.(PubMed)
(3) Multidrug resistance in yeast Candida by Prasad R1, Kapoor K.(PubMerd)
(4) New evidence that Candida albicans possesses additional ATP-binding cassette MDR-like genes: implications for antifungal azole resistance. by Walsh TJ1, Kasai M, Francesconi A, Landsman D, Chanock SJ.(PubMed)
(5) Mechanisms of resistance to azole antifungal agents in Candida albicans isolates from AIDS patients involve specific multidrug transporters.by Sanglard D1, Kuchler K, Ischer F, Pagani JL, Monod M, Bille J.(PubMed)
(6) Structural analysis of phospho-D-mannan-protein complexes isolated from yeast and mold form cells of Candida albicans NIH A-207 serotype A strain by Shibata N1, Fukasawa S, Kobayashi H, Tojo M, Yonezu T, Ambo A, Ohkubo Y, Suzuki S.(PubMed)
(7) The effect of antifungal combination on transcripts of a subset of drug-resistance genes in clinical isolates of Candida species induced biofilms by Ibrahim NH1, Melake NA2, Somily AM3, Zakaria AS4, Baddour MM5, Mahmoud AZ6(PubMed)
(8) Antifungal drug resistance in pathogenic fungi. by Vanden Bossche H1, Dromer F, Improvisi I, Lozano-Chiu M, Rex JH, Sanglard D.(PubMed)
(9) The genetic basis of fluconazole resistance development in Candida albicans by Morschhäuser J1.(PubMed)
(10) A proteomic approach to understanding the development of multidrug-resistant Candida albicans strains by Kusch H1, Biswas K, Schwanfelder S, Engelmann S, Rogers PD, Hecker M, Morschhäuser J.(PubMed)
(342) Glutamine supplementation for young infants with severe gastrointestinal disease. by Brown
JV1, Moe-Byrne T, McGuire W.(PubMed)
(343) Glutamine and intestinal barrier function ,By Wang B1, Wu G, Zhou Z, Dai Z, Sun Y, Ji Y, Li W, Wang W, Liu C, Han F, Wu Z.(PubMed)
(344) Schiff bases attached L-glutamine and L-asparagine: first investigation on antimutagenic and antimicrobial analyses by Sakiyan I1, Anar M, Oğütcü H, Agar G, Sarı N.(PubMed)
(345)Explore The Truth On Cures For Yeast Infection(Thing for Ladies)
(346) and maintains healthy intestinal lining(Thing for Ladies)(347) Role of gamma-oryzanol in drought-tolerant and susceptible cultivars of rice (Oryza sativa L.) by Kumar MS, Dahuja A, Rai RD, Walia S, Tyagi A.(PubMed)
(348) [Effects of gamma-oryzanol on gastric lesions and small intestinal propulsive activity in mice].
[Article in Japanese] by Ichimaru Y, Moriyama M, Ichimaru M, Gomita Y.(PubMed)(349) Hydrolysis of rice bran oil using an immobilized lipase from Candidarugosa in isooctane by Murty VR1, Bhat J, Muniswaran PK.(PubMed)
(350) The use of dual-isotope imaging to compare the gastrointestinaltransit of food and pancreatic enzyme pellets in cystic fibrosis patients by Hillel PG1, Tindale WB, Taylor CJ, Frier M, Senior S, Ghosal S.(PubMed)
(351) The Best Digestive Enzymes For Candida(Digestive health Guide)
(352) Purification and characterization of antibacterial substances produced by a marine bacterium Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis strain by Hayashida-Soiza G1, Uchida A, Mori N, Kuwahara Y, Ishida Y.(PubMed)
(353) Induction of rhythmic transient depolarizations associated with waxing and waning of slow wave activity in intestinal smooth muscle by Pawelka AJ1, Huizinga JD2.(PubMed)
(354) Fermentation Analysis & Evaluation(daily one)
(355) Anti-inflammatory effects of sodium butyrate on human monocytes: potent inhibition of IL-12 and up-regulation of IL-10 production by Säemann MD1, Böhmig GA, Osterreicher CH, Burtscher H, Parolini O, Diakos C, Stöckl J, Hörl WH, Zlabinger GJ.(PubMed)
(356) Inhibition of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase attenuates butyrate-induced intestinal barrier impairment in a Caco-2 cell monolayer model by Huang XZ1, Li ZR, Zhu LB, Huang HY, Hou LL, Lin J.(PubMed)
(357) Functional characterization of sucrose phosphorylase and scrR, a regulator of sucrose metabolism in Lactobacillus reuteri by Teixeira JS1, Abdi R, Su MS, Schwab C, Gänzle MG.(PubMed)
(358) Fructo-oligosaccharides(FOS)(Wikipedia)
(359) [Synthesis of novel fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) by enzymatic reaction].[Article in French]by Grizard D1, Barthomeuf C.(PubMed)
(360) Inulin-type prebiotics--a review: part 1 by Kelly G.(PubMed)
(361) Introducing inulin-type fructans by Roberfroid MB1.(PubMed)
(362) Studies with Inulin-Type Fructans on Intestinal Infections, Permeability, and Inflammation,
by Francisco Guarner(The Journal of Nutrition)
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