Omega 3 Fatty Acids as Non-Immunosuppressive Phytochemical for the Treatment of Rheumatic Diseases (RA) and Neuropathic Pain Symptoms

By Kyle J. Norton

The immune system is the set of cells comprised of the body's defense system against diseases.
Immunosuppressive agents are a class of drugs that suppress, or reduce, the strength of the body's immune system.

Non-immunosuppressive agents, including fish oils, anticoagulants, antihypertensive agents and tonsillectomy also substances used to modulatory immune function but have not been reviewed systematically.

Underactive immunity can be a primary immune deficiency or acquired immune deficiency. People with weakened immunity, regardless of the cause are at constant danger of infections from bacteria, viruses, and fungi.

The overactive immune system is a class of autoimmune diseases or chronic inflammatory diseases caused by the immune system attacking the body's tissue, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus,.... and multiple sclerosis.

The widespread chronic inflammatory diseases in modern society are a burden to humans because of life-long debilitating illness, increased mortality and high costs for therapy and care.

Depending on the substances that affect the immunomodulatory process, some may improve the immune function by modulating the genes involved immune responses and protect the immune system against toxins or immunotoxic effects such as abnormal allergic reactions, other such as heavy metals can induce opposite effects.

For example, curcumin (diferuloylmethane), found in the spice turmeric and processed anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and chemopreventive activities may improve the immune system in the inhibition of cancer cell proliferation and overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines by target the genes associated with programming cell death and anti-inflammatory action and involved in the induction of these immune parameters.

On the other hand, toxic chemicals such as cadmium and lead accumulated in the body can have a negative impact on the immune defense by reducing the viability of both lymphocytes and macrophages was affected by heavy metals in a dose- and time-dependent manner.

Additionally, in vitro model, overexpression of lead and cadmium can results in dysregulation of lymphocytes and macrophages in stimulating the production of proinflammatory cytokines.

Rheumatism is autoimmune and inflammatory diseases marked by inflammation and pain in the joints, muscles, or fibrous tissue, especially rheumatoid arthritis.

In other words, rheumatic diseases are a medical and chronic condition characterized inflammation that affects your joints tendons, ligaments, bones, and muscles, including a group of diseases associated with arthritis.

Neuropathic pain is pain caused by damage or disease that affects the somatosensory nervous system.

Omega-3 fatty acids are phytochemicals in the class of lipids, found abundantly in deepsea fisk, dark-green leafy vegetables, grains, legumes, nuts, etc.

The three main components of Omega-3 fatty acids are alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA).

On finding a potential phytochemical for the treatment of rheumatic diseases (RA) and neuropathic pain (NP), associated with side effects of biological agents, opioids, corticoids, and gabapentinoids induced immunosuppression, researchers examined anti-RA and NP specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs) activity.

SPMs are biosynthesized from the omega-3 fatty acids arachidonic acid (AA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA).

According to the tested analysis,

* The application of SPMs in vivo, showed efficacy at very low doses, as a therapeutic drug to treat pain and infection, without inducing side effects.

* SPMs were found to exerted immune-resolvents activity as a long-lasting analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects.

In other words, SPMs blocked the initiation of pain without causing immunosuppressive effects.

Based on the findings, researchers said, "SPMs block pain, infection and neuro-immune interactions and, therefore, emerge as a new class of non-immunosuppressive and non-opioid analgesic drugs".

Taken altogether, Omega-3 fatty acids may be considered a functional food for the treatment of s Non-Immunosuppressive Phytochemical for the Treatment of Rheumatic Diseases (RA) and Rheumatic Diseases and Neuropathic Pain Symptoms, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of Omega-3 fatty acids in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.


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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators: A new class of non-immunosuppressive and non-opioid analgesic drugs by Fattori V1, Zaninelli TH2, Rasquel-Oliveira FS2, Casagrande R3, Verri WA Jr. (PubMed)

Essential Oil Anise Processes Anti Antiviral Activities Against the Onset of Infectious Diseases

Kyle J. Norton


Essential oil Anise may have a potential and substantial effect in reduced risk and progression and treatment of viral infectious diseases, some scientists suggested.

Anise is a flowering plant of the species of Pimpinella anisum, genus Pimpinella, belongings to the family Apiaceae native to Egypt and the Mediterranean region, used in traditional herbal medicine as a fragrance in soaps, oils, and mouth fresheners and stomachic, anti-septic, anti-spasmodic,...


Chemical constituents
Anethole, D-pinene, I-phellandrene, Alpha-terpineol, Safrol, Methyl chavicol, Resin, Shikimic acid, etc.

In the investigation of the effects of several essential oils, including Anise in against expression of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) in vitro on RC-37 cells, using a plaque reduction assay, researchers found that application of essential oil of concentrations (IC50) at doses of 0.016%, 0.0075%, 0.007%, 0.004%, 0.003%, and 0.0015% demonstrated significant effects linearly in ameliorate the persistent infection spreading of sexually transmitted disease of the virus.

A maximum dose, essential oil of Ansie without inducing cytotoxicity to healthy cells, exerted an inhibitory effect against different stages during the viral infectious cycle and plaque formation by more than 90%.

Interestingly, all essential oils displayed no inhibitory effect cells prior to infection with HSV-2 or after the adsorption period.

These results suggested that injection of Ansis essential oil can only affect HSV-2 after penetrating into the viral envelope.


In comparison to the inhibitory effects of all essential oil, Anise exhibited a less selectivity activity compare to essential oil isolated from chamomile.
Further demonstration of Anise antiviral activity, using 3 antiviral and immunostimulating substances (LC1, LC2, and LC3) isolated from a hot water extract of seeds of Pimpinella anisum by a combination of anion-exchange, gel filtration, and hydrophobic interaction column chromatographies researchers at the University of Toyama suggested that the lignin and carbohydrate molecules(CLs) bonded physically or chemically with each other of LC1, LC2 and LC3 exerted significantly antiviral activities in reduced expression of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and -2), human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and measles virus.



Moreover, application of all LCs substances inhibited the virus-induced-adsorption to the host cell surface by direct inactivating the virus's penetration through enhanced nitric oxide (NO) production by inducing iNOS mRNA and protein expression in RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells in response to viral attacks.


These result of the rival inhibitory effect of Anise LCs substances not only prevented virus in alternated the healthy cells DNA is initiated infectious cell proliferation but also inhibited the production of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) and interleukin 10 caused by an overreaction of immune response in elevated expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in induction of healthy cell damage and cell apoptosis.

The above differentiation was supported by the study in the evaluated the effect of limonene, the major bioactive compound found in Fennel and Ansie in inhibited risk and progression and treatment of dengue, a potentially fatal mosquito-borne infection of 50 million cases per year with 2.5 billion people who are vulnerable to the disease.

According to the results, the application of essential oil using WHO procedures displayed a substantial effect against third instar larvae of Ae. aegypti for 24 h.



More specifically, the result of inhibition of over 99% of the tested virus was attributed to major constituent (-)-limonene at lethal concentrations LC50, C90, and LC99.


Taken together, Anise and its major bioactive monoterpenes may be considered as a possessed potency as functional food ingredients against infectious diseases caused by the viral invasion.



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Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How-To
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Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca

Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrients, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.


Sources
(1) Antiviral and immunostimulating effects of lignin-carbohydrate-protein complexes from Pimpinella anisum by Lee JB1, Yamagishi C, Hayashi K, Hayashi T.(PubMed)
(2) Inhibitory effect of essential oils against herpes simplex virus type 2. by Koch C1, Reichling J, Schneele J, Schnitzler P.(PubMed)
(3) Larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti of Foeniculum vulgare essential oils from Portugal and Cape Verde by Rocha DK, Matosc O, Novoa MT, Figueiredo AC, Delgado M, Moiteiro C.(PubMed)

Ursolic Acid Exerts Anti-Colon Cancer in Vitro

By Kyle J. Norton

The colon formed part of the digestive tract including the large intestine with a function to reabsorb fluids and process and secret waste products from the body.

Colon cancer is a chronic condition caused by cell growth irregularly and disorderly in the colon due to the alternation of DNA.

Colon cancer is relatively very common and slowly growing and progressing in a predictable way and the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in developed countries, including the US and Canada.

Most cases of colon cancer start in the cells on the surface of the inner lining of the colon. At this stage, patients may not experience any symptoms.

After penetrating deeper into the colon layer, the cancer cells may travel a distance away to infect other healthy tissue and organs through the fluids and blood circulation.

At this stage, the increased size of the tumor may suppress the nearby tissue, organs or nerve cells causing localized symptoms and severe pain.

The most common colon cancer metastasis are the lungs, liver.
According to the epidemiological studies, the most common risk factors of colon cancer are
age, ethnicity, personal and family history of colorectal cancer or polyps, inflammatory intestinal conditions.

Ursolic acid is a phytochemical in the subclass of Triterpenoid, belongings to the group of Terpenes found abundantly in apples, basil, bilberries, cranberries, peppermint, lavender, oregano, hawthorn, prunes., etc.

On finding a potential phytochemical for the treatment of chronic diseases, researchers examined the cytotoxic and radiosensitizing effects of Ursolic Acid (UA) and Kamolonol Acetate (KA) on HCT116 cell line.

According to the analysis,
* UA and KA have cytotoxic effects on HCT116 cell line.

* UA and KA decreased the survival fraction of treated cells, compared to the survival fraction of untreated cells.

* UA and KA lead to a decrease in the expression level of NF-κB associated with the cancer cell antiapoptosis.

* More importantly, the Synergistic effect of radiosensitizing agents with radiation was only approved for UA and 2 Gy of radiation.

After talking about other factors into account, researchers said, "UA and KA have cytotoxic effects on HCT116 cell line. Furthermore, UA may lead to radiosensitization of human colorectal tumor cells by NF-κB1 and CCND1signaling pathways".

Taken altogether, ursolic acid may be considered adjunct therapies in the treatment of colonic cancer, pending the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of ursolic acid in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

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Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally 

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You. How-To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Investigating the effect of radiosensitizer for Ursolic Acid and Kamolonol Acetate ‌ on HCT-116 cell line by Hasan Abdali M1, Afshar S2, Sedighi Pashaki A3, Dastan D4, Gholami MH3, Mahmoudi R2, Saidijam M. (PubMed)

Omega 3 Fatty Acids, the Natural Cholesterol Lowering Remedy, Scientists Say

By Kyle J. Norton

Hyperlipidemia is a medical condition of abnormally high levels of cholesterol and fat in the bloodstream.

High blood cholesterol is the most common cause of hyperlipidemia.

In other words, hyperlipidemia has a high prevalent ratio that affects over 100 million Americans and the condition is increasing at an alarming rate due to overweight and obesity.

Believe it or not, only half of the people with high blood cholesterol benefits from taking the lowering blood cholesterol medicine.

Cholesterol is a waxy substance produced by the liver. In a moderate amount, it helps to improve the gastrointestinal tract in food digestion, builds strong cell membranes, produces vitamin D and steroid hormones.

The healthy ratio of low-density lipoprotein (LDL)/high-density lipoprotein (HDL) is ant numbers that are less than 4.

People with hyperlipidemia are asymptomatic. Over time, the fat collection in the arteries accompanied by calcium or other substances form plague, leading to narrowing arteries and reduced function of the arteries to transport oxygen-rich blood to the parts of the body.

According to the statistics provided by the CDC, in 2015–2016, more than 12% of adults age 20 and older had total cholesterol higher than 240 mg/dL, and more than 18% had high-density lipoprotein (HDL, or “good”) cholesterol levels less than 40 mg/dL.

About half of the U.S. adults (55%, or 43 million) are currently taking medicine associated with lower blood cholesterol.

There are many risk factors that cause the onset of hyperlipidemia, such as people with diabetes, being overweight gain, physical activity, and smoking.

Omega-3 fatty acids are phytochemicals in the class of lipids, found abundantly in deepsea fisk, dark-green leafy vegetables, grains, legumes, nuts, etc.

The three main components of Omega-3 fatty acids are alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA).

On finding a potential phytochemical for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, researchers examined the Omega 3 fatty acid activity on blood lipid and lipoprotein profiles in patients with dyslipidemia receiving hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (statins).

According to phase 4, randomized, open-label study, included 50 patients with dyslipidemia receiving statins randomized 1:1 to Omega-3 treatment (oral Omega-3 2 g twice daily) or Control (no Omega-3),

* LDL particle size in Omega-3 treatment group showed a significant effect at week 8, compared to control.

* Furthermore, the differences in least squares mean change in concentration from baseline to week 8 between Omega-3 and Control groups were significant for total cholesterol (p = 0.0009), LDL-C (p = 0.0442), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p = 0.0009), and remnant lipoprotein-cholesterol (p = 0.0396).

* Moreover, the differences were significant for all apolipoproteins that that bind lipid (fat and cholesterol) to form lipoproteins. but not apolipoprotein E.

In other words, Omega 3 showed strong activity against the overexpression of cholesterol in the induction of hyperlipidemia.

Based on the results, researchers said, "Significant increases in LDL particle sizes and significant decreases in blood lipid, lipoprotein and apolipoprotein concentrations were observed with Omega-3 compared with Control. Omega-3 may improve blood lipid profile and increase LDL particle size, resulting in an anti-atherogenic profile:.

Taken altogether, Omega-3 fatty acids may be considered a functional food for the prevention and treatment of dyslipidemia and hyperlipidemia, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of Omega-3 fatty acids in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters 
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally 

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You. How-To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Omega-3 fatty acid ethyl esters improve low-density lipoprotein subclasses without increasing low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels: A phase 4, randomized study by Masuda D1, Miyata Y2, Matsui S2, Yamashita S. (PubMed)

Herbal Chaste tree berry (Vitex agnus-castus) Inhibits Menopausal Symptoms with No Side Effects, Scientists Show

By Kyle J. Norton

Herbal Chaste tree berry (Vitex agnus-castus) may have a potential effect in alleviating the symptoms of menopause some scientists suggested.

Menopause is a natural biological process. characterized by the end of menstrual cycles. Women who have gone 12 months with no menstrual period are considered menopause.

Menopausal symptoms are the set of conditions caused by reducing the expression of the hormone estrogen and progesterone due to the changing levels of hormones produced by the ovaries.


The hormone estrogen and progesterone are reduced gradually in an irregular fashion, leading to symptoms of vaginal dryness, hot flashes chill night, sweats, sleep problems and mood changes, weight gain and slowed metabolism, thinning and loss of hair, particularly the loss of breast fullness.



Most women likely also experience irregular periods such as menstrual periods will skip a month and return, or skip several months and then start monthly cycles again for a few months before menopause.


Women with premature ovarian failure may have periods of cessation before the age of 40 years or earlier.


Vasomotor symptoms affect up to 75% of peri-menopausal women that lasts for 1–2 years after menopause in most women, however, some women may continue for up to 10 years or longer.

In the evaluation of a school of thought and belief that menopausal symptoms are a peculiarly 'Western' phenomenon, not experienced by women from other regions and particularly not from Asia, researchers at The University of Sydney conducted an experiment to examine the perspectives on menopause in Asia and The West.

 In the assessment of the studies conducted in multi-ethnic communities in Western countries as well as in Asian communities, researchers found that menopause and its consequences are similar worldwide.

However, ethnic differences within Asia account for small differences in endogenous hormone levels and age at menopause between Asian and Western women, and the type of menopause symptoms and their prevalence also differ between those two communities,

These results suggested, there must be something found in the East that the West does not have.

In other words, women who immigrated to the West from the East also acquire similar symptoms in the West, probably due to bringing in the Western diet pattern.
Compared to the diet in the West and East, researchers at the Tehran University of Medical Sciences found that the Eastern diet consisting of high fruits and vegetables, less meat, and fewer processed foods processed a high amount of antioxidants which has been associated with lower menopausal symptoms, according to the total antioxidant capacity assay.


In the final report researchers said, "Postmenopausal women who consumed a diet higher in total antioxidant capacity had a lower occurrence of hot flashes and sweating, sleep problems, anxiety, exhaustion, and difficulty concentrating." and "Recommendation of diets high in antioxidant capacity may be effective to ensure the experience of fewer menopausal problems in postmenopausal women".

Chaste tree berry is a species of Vitex agnus-castus, genus Vitex, belongings to the family Lamiaceae, native to the Mediterranean region, used in herbal medicine for thousands of years as an anaphrodisiac herb.

The herb is considered a Queen herb in treating menstrual problems and discomforts by taking it for a prolonged period of time.

There was a report that chaste tree berry stems and leaves used by women as bedding "to cool the heat of lust" during the time of the Thesmophoria,

By examing the medicinal action of essential oils from both the berry and the leaf in a questionnaire-based survey returned from the participants, researchers showed, both oils were effective in treating the menopause symptoms to a great extends.

Application of the leaf essential oil demonstrated a broader range of actions as it also addresses psychological aspects.
This result contradicted the general belief that berry is thought to be the active part of the plant.

The finding reconfirmed the first trial of two essential oils (derived separately from leaf and fruit) of Vitex agnus castus for menopausal balance conducted in the summer of 2000 by Dr. Chopin Lucks B.


In a total of 23 participants who were selected for the survey study, all indicated that the application of Vitex agnus castus essential oil exerts a strong symptomatic relief of common menopausal symptoms.


Moreover, on the second trial to reaffirm the first trial results, researchers laughed a similar study to examine the effect of Vitex agnus castus essential oil in the summer of 2002.


In order to make the study more precise, objective, and professional, the researcher included 12 diverse health practitioners who perform the duty of the supervision of 52 additional subjects during the course of the trial.

After taking the results from the participant compared to those of health practitioners, researchers wrote in the final report, "The second trial appears to support the finding of the first trial, as well as identifying some important contraindications to use of the essential oil".


Taken all together, there is no doubt that chaste tree berry (Vitex agnus-castus) essential oil may be used for the treatment and management of menopause symptoms.

However, the volume of the oil intake can only be prescribed by the medical specialists in the prevention of acute toxicity,


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How-To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma ISSN 0975-6299.


References
(1) Vitex Agnus-castus essential oil and menopausal balance: a self-care survey by Lucks BC, Sørensen J, Veal L.(PubMed)
(2) Vitex agnus castus essential oil and menopausal balance: a research update [Complementary Therapies in Nursing and Midwifery 8 (2003) 148-154] by Chopin Lucks B. (PubMed)
(3) Dietary total antioxidant capacity is inversely related to menopausal symptoms: a cross-sectional study among Iranian postmenopausal women (Science Direct)

Omega -3 Kills Cholangiocarcinoma Cells in Vitro, Researchers Find

By Kyle J. Norton

Bile duct, the tube-like structure carries bile to the intestine for food digestion secreted by the liver.

In other words, bile acid plays a critical for digestion and absorption of fats and fat-soluble vitamins in the small intestine.

More importantly, many waste products, such as bilirubin, are eliminated from the body by secretion into bile and elimination in feces.

Cholangiocarcinoma, also known as bile duct cancer, is a medical condition that originated from the irregular cell growth in the bile ducts.

Most cases of cholangiocarcinoma are caused by the alternation of cell DNA in the cell on the surface of the inner lining of the bile duct.

At the advanced stage, cancer cells in the bile duct may travel a distance away to infect other healthy tissues and organs through the circulation of blood and fluids.

The primary bile duct cancer has been found to spread to the regional lymph nodes and adjacent organs.

According to statistics, cholangiocarcinoma is rare cancer that occurred approximately 2500 Americans each year compared to 5000 cases of gallbladder cancer and 15,000 cases of hepatocellular cancer.

Believe it or not, the 5-year survival rate diagnosed at early-stage extrahepatic bile duct cancer is only 30%. 

Omega-3 fatty acids are phytochemicals in the class of lipids, found abundantly in deepsea fisk, dark-green leafy vegetables, grains, legumes, nuts, etc.

The three main components of Omega-3 fatty acids are alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA).

On finding a potential phytochemical for the treatment of chronic diseases, researchers examined the
omega-3 fatty acid effects on human cholangiocarcinoma cells (CCA).

According to the final results of the experiment,
* n-3 PUFA-based fish oil suppresses CCA cell growth, potentially by blocking the cell cycle at G2/M phase,

* n-3 PUFA also inhibited the migration and invasion potential with coincident downregulation of migration-related genes.

* Furthermore, zebrafish endogenous n-3 PUFAs appear to suppress CCA metastasis by inhibiting the expression of twist, a key regulator of tumor metastasis.

Most importantly, only long-chain n-3 PUFAs could inhibit the expression of twist in CCA cells.

Based on the findings, researchers said, " n-3 PUFAs, especially DHA, may inhibit proliferation and metastasis of CCA cells by inhibiting the expression of a twist".

Taken altogether, long-chain omega-3 fatty acids may be considered a functional food for the prevention and treatment of cholangiocarcinoma, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of Omega-3 fatty acids in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters 
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally 

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You. How-To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids suppress metastatic features of human cholangiocarcinoma cells by suppressing twist by Lin CR1, Chu TM2, Luo A2, Huang SJ2, Chou HY3, Lu MW3, Wu JL. (PubMed)

Phytochemical Emodin Isolated from Herbal Cascara Sagrada Inhibits the Infection of Herpes Simplex Virus, Scientists Suggest

By Kyle J. Norton

Herbal Cascara Sagrada may process a bioactive compound for the prevention and treatment of Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection, according to studies.

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) belonging to the human Herpesviridae family is a class of viruses that cause viral infections in the majority of humans.

The herpes simplex virus (HSV) is very contagious.

Diseases associated with the infection of herpes simplex viruses 1, including the skin, mouth, lips, eyes, and genitals. In severe cases, the viruses also cause encephalitis, meningitis, neonatal herpes.

HSV-2 usually causes genital lesions.

Ethnicity, gender, increase in age, sex without a condom, and people with HIV infection weakened the immune system and are at a higher risk of HSV infection, particularly in people with certain sexual behavior.

Dr. Kalu E, the lead scientist at the Umuahia, Abia State in the concern of the sexual behavior in risk of HSV infection wrote, "Seroprevalence of HSV-2 antibody was 47.3%." and "Sexual behavioral factors that were significantly associated with HSV-2 seroprevalence included early exposure to sexual intercourse, number of sex partners, involvement in polygamous marriages, the involvement of husband in extra-marital affairs and hormonal contraceptive use".

The cross-sectional study design was adopted and the study took place between November 2011 and June 2012 with the participation of 410 consenting ante-natal clinic patients in two major tertiary hospitals in Benin City.


The finding clearly suggested that certain sexual behaviors are associated with the risk of Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV1) infection.

Cascara sagrada is a species of buckthorn, genus Rhamnus, belonging to the family Rhamnaceae, native to western North America, it's bark has been used in traditional medicine for gastrointestinal support. and it is thought to have a laxative and natural cleansing, etc.,

Besides the main compound of anthraquinones, other compounds include anthraquinone glycosides, (emodin, frangulin, iso-emodin, aloe-emodin, and chrysophanol), rhein, aloin, malic acid, tannic acid, cascarosides A, B, C, and D, and hydroxy anthracene derivatives (HAD), etc.

Researchers on the finding a natural product with no side effects for the treatment of Herpes simplex viruses (HSV-1 and -2), in the induction of AIDs, evaluated the effects of emodin, the major compound of Rheum tanguticum and Herbal Cascara Sagrada anti-HSV activity.


Emodin (3-methyl-1,6,8-trihydroxyanthraquinone) use in the study obtained by extracted and purified from herbal medicine.

The study was carried out In Vivo with the HSV-infected mice orally administered with emodin beginning at 24 h post-HSV exposures with dosages of 3.3 g/kg/day, 6.7 g/kg/day, and 11.3 g/kg/day, respectively, for 7 days.

During the experiment, the injection of emodin displayed significant inhibition of the replication of HSV-1 and HSV-2 in cell culture at the concentration of 50 μg/ml with an antiviral index of 2.07 and 3.53, respectively.

Emodin treatment increased the survival rate of HSV-infected mice, prolonged survival time and showed higher efficacy of HSV elimination from brain, heart, liver, and ganglion, compared to the viral controls.

Furthermore, the efficacy of emodin was found to exert a similar inhibition compared to that of conventional medicine, acyclovir.

Dr. Xiong HR and colleagues wrote in the final report, "emodin has the anti-HSV activity in vitro and in vivo and is thus a promising agent in the clinical therapy of HSV infection".


Moreover, in order to reveal more information about the anti-herpes simplex virus activity of emodin, researchers examined the effect of the phytochemical compared to a small group of nucleoside analogs that target the viral polymerase.

Emodin specifically inhibited the nuclease activity of HSV-1 UL12 alkaline nuclease which plays a critical role in viral DNA replication, similar to that of nucleoside analogs, according to the biochemical assay.

Emodin reduced the plaque formation or cell-to-cell spread, with an EC(50) of 21.5+/-4.4 muM, according to the plaque reduction assay.

Additionally, according to the docking analysis, the inhibitory effect of emodin on the UL12 activity also was associated with the interaction between emodin and critical catalytic amino acid residues of UL12 similar to that of nucleoside analogs.

Taken altogether, herbal Cascara Sagrada processed abundantly bioactive compound emodin may be considered a functional remedy for the prevention and combined with the primary medicine for the treatment of HSV-1 and -2 infections, pending the reconfirmation of large sample size and multicenter human study.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.


References
(1) The effect of emodin, an anthraquinone derivative extracted from the roots of Rheum tanguticum, against herpes simplex virus in vitro and in vivo by Xiong HR, Luo J, Hou W, Xiao H, Yang ZQ.(PubMed)
(2) Emodin is a novel alkaline nuclease inhibitor that suppresses herpes simplex virus type 1 yields in cell cultures by Hsiang CY, Ho TY.(PubMed)
(3) Sexual behavioral correlates with HSV-2 seroprevalence among pregnant women in Nigeria by Kalu EI1, Ojide CK, Fowotade A, Nwadike VU. (PubMed)