Kyle J. Norton
Oxidative stress is an imbalanced ratio of free radicals and antioxidant enzymes produced by the host.
In other words, diseases associated with oxidative stress such as cardiovascular diseases [CVDs], chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic kidney disease, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer are results of the prolonged period of overexpression of free radicals compared to reduced levels of antioxidants.
Free radicals are unstable molecules with a single electron in the outer ring. Therefore, in order to become stable, free radicals readily steal or donate an electron from other molecules, leading to a free radical cascade that cannot be stopped until all outer ring electrons are paired or inhibited by antioxidants.
Antioxidants are stable molecules that inhibit oxidation.
Diabetes is a chronic condition of insufficient insulin entering the bloodstream, caused either by the gradual died-off of the beta cells in the pancreas or insulin receptors clogged up by cholesterol.
In our body, free radicals induced by cell metabolism for the body to function normally are inhibited by the antioxidant either produced by the body or the intake of antioxidant chemical compounds from dietary sources.
Free radicals can enter our body from environmental factors, such as the air we breathe, and the foods we eat.
Some researchers suggested that the reduced levels of antioxidants against the overexpression of free radicals most likely occurred in people with a weakened immune system such as the elderly due to aging.
Dr. Viviana I Pérez, the lead scientist said, "Currently, the Oxidative Stress (or Free Radical) Theory of Aging is the most popular explanation of how aging occurs at the molecular level".
And, "While data from studies in invertebrates (e.g., C. elegans and Drosophila) and rodents show a correlation between increased lifespan and resistance to oxidative stress (and in some cases reduced oxidative damage to macromolecules), direct evidence showing that alterations in oxidative damage/stress play a role in aging".
Tomato is a red, edible fruit, genus Solanum, belonging to the family Solanaceae, native to South America. Because of its health benefits, the tomato is grown worldwide for the commercial purpose
and often in the greenhouse.
On finding a natural compound for the treatment of diabetes with no side effects, researchers examined the beneficial effect of tomatoes in diabetics.
Participants in a type-II diabetic group (n=40) and age-matched control group (n=50 are included in the study.
Before treatment, the type-II diabetic group showed significantly lower levels of antioxidant enzymes and a very high lipid peroxidation rate compared to the control group.
According to the analysis of the short-term supplementation, tomatoes (cooked) showed a significant improvement in antioxidant enzyme levels and decreased lipid peroxidation rate in the diabetic group for a period of 30 days.
Once again, in a total of 90 subjects including a type 2 diabetic group (n = 40) and an age-matched control group (n = 50), researchers once against investigated the anti-diabetes activity of lycopene.
Patients with type 2 diabetes have significantly lower levels of antioxidant enzymes and very high lipid peroxidation, as well as higher levels of lipid profile and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), compared to controls before the application of lycopene.
Long-term tomato supplementation in diabetes mellitus showed a significant improvement in the levels of antioxidant enzymes and decreased lipid peroxidation rate (p < 0.001), with no effect on lipid profile and glycated hemoglobin HbA1c levels.
In other words, long-term tomato injection protects diabetics against complications associated with abnormally high levels of high blood glucose and lipid, through its antioxidant activity.
Taken altogether, tomatoes may be considered supplements for the prevention and treatment of complications caused by oxidative stress, pending the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.
Intake of lycopene in the form of a supplement should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Effect of short term supplementation of tomatoes on antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation in type-II diabetes by Subhash K1, Bose C, Agrawal BK. (PubMed)
(2) Effect of long term supplementation of tomatoes (cooked) on levels of antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation rate, lipid profile and glycated hemoglobin in Type 2 diabetes mellitus by Bose KS1, Agrawal BK. (PubMed)
(3) Is the Oxidative Stress Theory of Aging Dead? by Viviana I Pérez,1,2 Alex Bokov,1,3 Holly Van Remmen,1,2,4,6 James Mele,4 Qitao Ran,1,2Yuji Ikeno,1,5,6 and Arlan Richardson. (PMC)
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