By Kyle J. Norton
Recent studies suggested that coffee and coffee caffeine may have a potential effect in reducing the risk and treatment of breast cancer, selectively.
Coffee, becoming a popular and social beverage all over the world, particularly in the West, is a drink made from roast beans from the Coffea plant, native to tropical Africa and Madagascar.
The review of literature from a database of PubMed with a selection of 37 published articles, involving 59,018 breast cancer cases and 966,263 participants, suggested that
1. There is no significant association between coffee and coffee caffeine intake and breast cancer risk
2. Post-menopause women drinking coffee daily and regularly have a reduced risk of breast cancer developing.
3. Women who are BRCA1 mutation carriers showed a positive risk of breast cancer from coffee intake
The study also indicated that for additional cup of coffee consumed risk of breast caner decrease by 2% and 1% for every 200mg/day increment in caffeine intake.
Contrastively, in a case-control analysis on 1,690 women with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation from 40 centers in 4 countries.to determine coffee and coffee caffeine intake against the risk of breast cancer, returned self-administered questionnaire. showed a significant correlation between coffee intake in elevated breast cancer risk.
Women with breast cancer in BRCA carriers who habitually drank 0, 1-3, 4-5, and 6 or more cups of coffee showed a relative risk odd ratio of 1.00, 0.90, 0.75, and 0.31, respectively.
The finding of a relatively odd ratio of suggested that risk of breast cancer was reduced in this group of women linearly to numbers of coffee and coffee caffeine consumed daily.
Dr, Jiang W, lead author said, " (According to the findings) women with BRCA gene mutation, coffee consumption is unlikely to be harmful and that high levels of consumption may in fact be related to reduced breast cancer risk"
Interestingly, the investigated the common A to C polymorphism in the CYP1A2 gene associated with decreased enzyme inducibility and impaired caffeine metabolism of caffeine to examine the risk of breast caner in BRCA1 mutation carriers of 411 BRCA1 mutation carriers (170 cases and 241 controls) researchers at the University of Toronto found that risk of breast cancer decreases significantly by 64% in BRCA1 mutation carriers with at least one C polymorphism in the CYP1A2 gene but not in CYP1A2 AA group in compared to women who never consumed coffee.
Collectively, coffee and coffee caffeine may only benefit certain ages and genes expression but are harmful to others. Further cohort studies are necessary to clarify these controversies.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Coffee and caffeine intake and breast cancer risk: an updated dose-response meta-analysis of 37 published studies by Jiang W1, Wu Y, Jiang X.(PubMed)
(2) Coffee consumption and breast cancer risk among BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers by Nkondjock A1, Ghadirian P, Kotsopoulos J, Lubinski J, Lynch H, Kim-Sing C, Horsman D, Rosen B, Isaacs C, Weber B, Foulkes W, Ainsworth P, Tung N, Eisen A, Friedman E, Eng C, Sun P, Narod SA.(PubMed)
(3) The CYP1A2 genotype modifies the association between coffee consumption and breast cancer risk among BRCA1 mutation carriers by Kotsopoulos J1, Ghadirian P, El-Sohemy A, Lynch HT, Snyder C, Daly M, Domchek S, Randall S, Karlan B, Zhang P, Zhang S, Sun P, Narod SA.(PubMed)
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