The Research and studies of Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs): Osteoporosis - The Causes

Kyle J. Norton, Master of Nutrients
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
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Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are medical condition mostly caused by work related occupations and working environment, affecting patients’ muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments and nerves and developing over time. A community sample of 73 females and 32 males aged 85 and over underwent a standardised examination at home. Musculoskeletal pain was reported by 57% of those interviewed(1).

Types of Musculo-Skeletal disorders in elder(2)

1. Osteoarthritis
2. Gout
3. Rheumatoid Arthritis
4. Polymalagia Arthritis
5. Cervical myleopathy and spinal canal stenosis
6. Osteoporosis
7. Low back pain
8. Fibromyalgia

                                                                  Osteoporosis


Osteoporosis is defined as a condition of thinning of bone and bone tissues as a result of the loss of bone density over a long period of time. It is a widespread degenerative disease of skeletal joints and often associated with senescence in vertebrates due to excessive or abnormal mechanical loading of weight-bearing joints, arising from heavy long-term use or specific injuries(6).

                            The Causes

1. Process of wear and repair
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a widespread degenerative disease of skeletal joints and often associated with senescence in vertebrates due to excessive or abnormal mechanical loading of weight-bearing joints, arising from heavy long-term use or specific injuries(6).
Improper repair process of injure of joints can also result of symptoms of Osteoarthritis (OA) in old age, according to TCM.

2. Nutrient deficiency
Poor nutritional conditions in early life are linked to greater prevalence of OA due the gradual deterioration of function(9).

3. Cartilage
Cartilage is a flexible connective tissue which cushions the ends of bones in your joints to allow the joints to move smoothly. If the cartilage becomes rough or wears down due to aging or damage, it can cause pain as a result of bone in the joint rubbing against another bone.


4. Etc.

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References
(6) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21079541
(7) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23095987
(8) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23149863 
(7) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20618843
(12) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23128330
(13) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22057549 
(14) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12699295 
(15) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23160916 
(16) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11349943
(17) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18541176
(18) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8422511 
(19) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17657549 
(20) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15632479
(21) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15221500
(22) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19348280