Omega-3 Fatty Acids Inhibit the Chain Reaction of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

By Kyle J. Norton


Reactive oxygen species (ROS) or free radicals are highly reactive chemical species containing oxygen molecules. In other words, free radicals are unstable atoms with an unpaired electron in the outer ring.

Therefore, in order to become stable, free radicals must either donate or steal an electron from other atoms, leading to a chain reaction that can not be stopped until all electrons are paired or inhibited by antioxidants.

Believe it or not, free radicals in moderate amounts are needed for our body for cell signaling and activation of several transcriptional factors, apoptosis, immunity, and differentiation. However, overexpression of free radicles can cause damage to protein, lipid, and cell alternation, leading a number of chronic illnesses, including cancer.

Free radicals are generated as metabolic by-products by biological systems. Environmental stressors (i.e., the air we breathe, UV, ionizing radiations, pollutants, and heavy metals) and xenochemicals are also found to contribute to the great increase of ROS production.

In a healthy individual, the production of free radicals is balanced by the antioxidant enzymes produced by the body.

Antioxidants are stable atom that plays a critical role in protecting the body against the attack of free radicals.

In other words, antioxidants inhibited the onset of free radical before they can cause a chain reaction in facilitating the protein, lipid, and cell damage.

Antioxidants can either produced by the liver or intake from dietary sources. Under normal conditions, antioxidant enzymes produced by the body in a healthy individual are good enough to counter the bombardment of free radical attacks.

Omega-3 fatty acids are phytochemicals in the class of lipids, found abundantly in deepsea fisk, dark-green leafy vegetables, grains, legumes, nuts, etc.

The three main components of Omega-3 fatty acids are alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA).

On finding a potential phytochemical for the treatment of diseases associated with oxidative stress, researchers examined the intake of EPA:DHA 6:1 (500 mg/kg/day) for 2 weeks on endothelial dysfunction in old rats (20 months old).

According to the results of the analysis,

Before application with DHA

* Endothelial dysfunction characterized by a blunted NO component, an abolished endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization component, and increased endothelium-dependent contractile responses (EDCFs) are observed in old rats compared to young rats.

* Furthermore, age-related endothelial dysfunction was found to increase the vascular formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and expression of eNOS.

After treatment with DHA

* The EPA:DHA 6:1 treatment improved the NO-mediated relaxation, reduced the EDCF-dependent contractile response and the vascular formation of ROS, and normalized the expression level of all target proteins in the old arterial wall.

Collectively, researchers said, "a 2-week intake of EPA:DHA 6:1 by old rats restored endothelium-dependent NO-mediated relaxations, most likely, by preventing the upregulation of the local angiotensin system and the subsequent formation of ROS".

Taken altogether, Omega-3 fatty acids found abundantly in fish oil and plant oil may be considered a functional food for the prevention of diseases associated with ROS, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of Omega-3 fatty acids in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.


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Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Intake of omega-3 formulation EPA:DHA 6:1 by old rats for 2 weeks improved endothelium-dependent relaxations and normalized the expression level of ACE/AT1R/NADPH oxidase and the formation of ROS in the mesenteric artery by Farooq MA1, Gaertner S2, Amoura L1, Niazi ZR1, Park SH1, Qureshi AW1, Oak MH1, Toti F1, Schini-Kerth VB3, Auger C. (PubMed)

Herbal Angelica Promotes the Healing of Gastric Ulcer in Vivo

By Kyle J. Norton

Gastric ulcer is the medical condition characterized by the open sores that develop on the inside lining of the stomach. If the open sores are developed in the upper part of the small intestine, it is a duodenal ulcer.

The most common cause of the gastric ulcer, represented over 30% of all cases is associated with the infection of H. pylori.

Certain medical conditions such as Zollinger-Ellison syndrome and long-term use of some medication such as alendronate (Fosamax) and risedronate (Actonel) are also prevalent factors that elevate the disease onset.

The imbalance between stomach acid and upper GI tract mucosa is the main cause of the condition onset associated with the use of certain medication, including aspirin, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, Helicobacter pylori infection and chronic gastritis.

Most common symptoms of a gastric ulcer are gastrointestinal discomforts, blood in your stool, difficulty breathing, shortness of breath with physical activity, and persistent fatigue.

Some patients with severe gastric ulcers may also experience symptoms of vomiting blood, feeling faint or losing consciousness. However, 75% of patients with gastric ulcers do not feel any symptoms.

Long-term untreated gastric ulcer can result in gastric adenocarcinoma development.

Although there are some disagreements that a poor diet can cause gastric ulcers, some researchers suggested that a diet rich, fatty or spicy foods such as the Western diet and unhealthy lifestyle such as high caffeine. and excessive alcohol consumption also elevates the onset of the disease.

Therefore by following a healthy diet with more fruits and vegetables, whole grain and less red meat and processed foods accompanied by a healthy choice of lifestyle and moderate exercise, one can lower the risk gastric ulcer substantially.

On finding a natural ingredient for the prevention and treatment of digestive diseases, scientists examined the crude extract from Angelica sinensis (ASCE) consisting of polysaccharides on normal gastric epithelial cells.

Angelica or Dang Qui is a herb of Genus Angelica from the family Apiaceae, indigenous to China.

The herb has been used as a Queen herb in traditional Chinese medicine antispasmodic and vasodilatory agent, and to balance the hormones in women for a normal menstrual cycle and menstruation and strengthen heart, spleen, kidneys, and liver for both men and women, etc. In other words, it is used to treat gynecological ailments, fatigue, mild anemia, and high blood pressure. It has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, etc.

According to the tested assays,

* ASCE showed a direct wound healing effect on gastric mucosa

* However, there is no report in which  ASCE exerted gastric ulcer healing in animal models.

* ASCE promoted ulcer healing by reducing the ulcer area, accompanied with a significant increase in mucus synthesis when compared with the control,

* Treatment of ASCE also inhibited angiogenesis, without affecting the cell proliferation associated with ODC and EGFR protein expression.

Based on the results, researchers suggest, "This fraction demonstrated insignificant antimicrobial activity and can be used in cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries".

Taken altogether, Dandelion may be considered an antioxidant remedy for speeding up gastric ulcer healing, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

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Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally 

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You. How-To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Effect of polysaccharides from Angelica sinensis on gastric ulcer healing by Ye YN1, So HL, Liu ES, Shin VY, Cho CH. (PubMed)

Broccoli, the Potential Anti-Prostate Cancer Healthy Food

By Kyle J. Norton

Prostate warped around the around a tube (the urethra) is a gland of the male reproductive system found in front of the rectum and just below the bladder and responsible for making some of the semen that carries sperm.

Prostate cancer is a condition in which the cells of the prostate have become cancerous, causing abnormal cell growth which spread to the distant parts of the body. Most prostate cancers are slow-growing and enlarged prostate and prostate cancer may be detected during the Physical (rectum) exams.

Primary prostate cancer normally starts from the cell on the surface of the inner lining of the prostate tissue and gradually spreads to the deeper part of the prostate.

At the early stage, patients may not experience any symptoms, However, at the advanced stage, prostate cancer can induce symptoms of blood in the urine, frequent urination and urinary difficulty.

The cancer cells at this stage can also travel a distance away from the prostate to invade other healthy tissue and organ, leading secondary metastasis tumors.

According to the Canadian Cancer Society, in 2017, 21,300 men were diagnosed with prostate cancer, represented 21% of all new cancer cases and 4,100 men died from prostate cancer, and 10% of all cancer deaths.

The 5 years survival rate of localized prostate cancer is 100% and 98% of that of survivors are alive after 10 years compared to the advanced stage of only 31%.

More than 80% of prostate cancers are diagnosed in men who are 65 or older.

Therefore, men who are at higher risk of prostate cancer due to family history and increase in age and inherited gene changes should have their prostate gland checked annually.

Broccoli is a mustard/cabbage plant, belong to the family Brassicaceae. The veggie has large flower heads, usually green in color and the mass of flower heads surrounded by leaves and evolved from a wild cabbage plant on the continent of Europe.

On finding a potential plant that processes anticarcinogenic activity, researchers examined the effects of consuming broccoli soup on prostate tissue.

The study included 18 men scheduled for transperineal prostate biopsy recruited into a 4-week parallel single-blinded diet supplementation study (NCT02821728), with 9 men supplemented their diet with three 300 mL portions of a broccoli soup each week for four weeks prior to surgery.

According to the analyses of the prostate, biopsy tissues reveal no detectable levels of glucosinolates and derivatives on the baseline.

Where Glucosinolates (GLS) are secondary plant metabolites in cruciferous vegetables with a function to break-down products, prevention of cancer in animal and cell studies.

Injection of the supplementation of SMCSO demonstrated significantly higher levels of glucosinolates and derivatives in the tissue of men in the supplementation arm.

The urinary assay also suggested that SMCSO was found in blood and urine samples from a previous intervention study with the identical broccoli soup.

Based on the findings, researchers wrote, " The consequences of SMCSO accumulation in prostate tissues and its potential role in the prevention of prostate cancer...

In other words, the intake of SMCSO over a short period of time of 4 weeks reduces the risk of prostate cancer.

Taken altogether, the consequences of these results suggest that the broccoli process the potential anticarcinogenic activity by upregulating the gene associated with xenobiotic metabolism, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters 
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally 

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Accumulation of Dietary S-Methyl Cysteine Sulfoxide in Human Prostate Tissue by Coode-Bate J1, Sivapalan T1, Melchini A1, Saha S1, Needs PW1, Dainty JR2, Maicha JB1, Beasy G1, Traka MH1, Mills RD3, Ball RY4, Mithen RF. (PubMed)

Antioxidants Omega -3 Fatty Acids in Reducing the Risk of Chronic Kidney Diseases in Females

By Kyle J. Norton

Kidneys are 2 bean-shaped organs found in the left and right side in the retroperitoneal space in the body.

The function of kidneys is to filter blood and control fluids. They are the second detoxed organs besides the liver and skin.

Due to millions of tiny filters called nephrons in each kidney, people may not experience any kidney dysfunction symptoms at an early stage.

Kidney diseases are a class of medical conditions associated with reduced function of the kidney, in cases, complete loss of kidney function such as kidney failure.

Believe it or not, in the US, the leading causes of kidney failure and the end stage of chronic kidney diseases are diabetes and high blood pressure.

Some researchers suggested that if the 2 causative conditions are under control, kidney failure and the end stage of chronic kidney diseases may be prevented or delayed.

Chronic Kidney disease is a condition associated with the progressive loss of kidney function over a period of many years. Stage of chronic kidney disease according to the National Kidney Foundation's Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (KDOQ).

Stages and Description of Glomerular Filtration Rate  GFR (the number used to figure out a person's stage of kidney disease)
1. Signs of mild kidney disease but with normal or better GFR greater than 90%.
2. Mild kidney disease with reduced GFR 60-89%.
3. Moderate chronic renal insufficiency 30-59%.
4. Severe chronic renal insufficiency 15-29%.
5. End-stage renal failure of less than 15%.

According to the statistics, in the US, over 660,000 Americans have kidney failure, affecting 14% of the general population.

Omega-3 fatty acids are phytochemicals in the class of lipids, found abundantly in deepsea fisk, dark-green leafy vegetables, grains, legumes, nuts, etc.

The three main components of Omega-3 fatty acids are alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA).

On finding a potential phytochemical for the protection of kidney activity researchers examined intakes of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCω3PUFA) and its food source-fish-on chronic kidney diseases (CKD) incidence.

A total of 4133 healthy individuals of black and white race aged 18-30 at baseline (1985-1986) from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study were enrolled and followed up over 25 years  

According to the results of the assessment of LCω3PUFA and fish intake by an interview-based dietary history questionnaire at baseline, year 7 (1992-1993) and 20 (2005-2006), 

* Four hundred and eighty-nine incident cases of CKD were identified.

* After adjustment for potential confounders, LCω3PUFA intake was inversely associated with CKD incidence.

* However, this inverse association was persisted among females [0.64 (95% CI 0.48, 0.84; P = 0.002], but not males.

* Non-fried fish consumption showed a marginally significant inverse association with CKD incidence.

Based on the findings, researchers said, "Dietary LCω3PUFA intake was inversely associated with the incidence of CKD among American young adults over 25 years of follow-up".

Taken altogether, Omega-3 fatty acids may be considered a functional food for the prevention and treatment of chronic kidney diseases,  particularly in females, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of Omega-3 fatty acids in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters 
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally 

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You. How-To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Intakes of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and non-fried fish in relation to incidence of chronic kidney disease in young adults: a 25-year follow-up by Park I1,2, Xun P1, Tsinovoi CL1, Klemmer P3, Liu K4, He K. (PubMed)
(2) Omega-3 fatty acids for dialysis vascular access outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease by Tam KW1, Wu MY, Siddiqui FJ, Chan ES, Zhu Y, Jafar TH. (PubMed)

Japanese Angelica Exerts a Strong Neuro-Protective Activity

By Kyle J. Norton

Neuroprotection is a process to preserve the neuronal structure and/or function against the death or gradual death of neurons, including the use of medicines and herbs.

In other words, neuroprotection protects the neuronal integrity against the rate of neuronal loss over time, inducing neurological disease, including neurodegenerative disease.

Brain ischemia is a condition caused by insufficient blood flow to the brain to meet metabolic demand, leading to irreversible brain damage in severe cases.

In other words, brain ischemia-induced the death of neurons of the affected tissues.

A neuron or nerve cell made of a cell body (also called soma), dendrites and an axon, is a cell in the nervous system that carries electrical impulses.

Neurons are core components of the brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerves that play an essential role to process and transmit information.

The function of neurons can be classified into 3 types
* The sensory neurons found within the nervous system that convert external stimuli from the organism's environment into internal electrical impulses. In other words, sensory neurons are activated by sensory input from the environment, including physical input of sound, touch, heat, or light.

*The motor neurons transmit impulses from the spinal cord to skeletal and smooth muscles,. In other words, motor neurons directly control all of the muscle movements.

* The interneurons connect the motor and sensory neurons. In other words, the interneurons transfer signals between sensory and motor neurons.

Angelica shikokiana (Apiaceae) is a Japanese traditional herb that is widely marketed as a dietary food supplement as a health tea preparation consumed as a daily beverage for health benefits.

On finding a potential phytochemical for the prevention and treatment of neurological diseases researchers examined the neuroprotective activities of compounds from Angelica shikokiana Makino.

According to the chemical analysis, 

* Quercetin showed a strong neuroprotective effect the strongest AChE (IC50 value = 35.5 µM) through binding to active-site peptides and activation of Tyr-70 residues at the catalytic and anionic sites of acetylcholine esterase, respectively.

* Furthermore, chemical compounds chlorogenic acid, angelica methyl ester, quercetin, and luteolin demonstrated a significantly protect neuro-2A cells against free radical H2O2-induced neurotoxicity by the scavenge hydroxyl radical and intracellular reactive oxygen species.

* Moreover, Kaempferol-3-O-rutinoiside, hyuganin E and isoepoxypteryxin found in the herbal medicine also significantly decreased Aβ25-35-induced neurotoxicity and Th-T fluorescence.

Taken altogether, Angelica shikokiana Makino processed abundantly bioactive compounds may be considered a supplement for neuroprotection, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of beta-Sitosterol in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters 
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally 

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You. How-To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) In vitro neuroprotective activities of compounds from Angelica shikokiana Makino by Mira A1,2, Yamashita S3, Katakura Y4, Shimizu K. (PubMed)

Cooking Influences Cruciferous Vegetables's Antioxidants Capacities

By Kyle J. Norton

Antioxidants are stable atom that plays a critical role in protecting the body against the attack of free radicals.

In other words, antioxidants inhibited the onset of free radical before they can cause a chain reaction in facilitating the protein, lipid and cell damage.

Antioxidants can either produced by the liver or intake from dietary sources. Under normal conditions, antioxidant enzymes produced by the body in a healthy individual are good enough to counter the bombardment of free radical attacks.

However, in people with a weakened immune system, intake dietary sources of antioxidants may be necessary.

On the other hand, free radicals are highly reactive molecules with an unpaired electron on the outer ring of the atom.

Due to its nature to become stable, free radicals readily to donate or steal an electron from other molecules, leading to the chain of domino's effect that can not be stopped until either the electrons are paired or inhibited by antioxidants.

This chain of reaction is the cause of oxidative stress, a condition is associated with either overexpression of free radicals or depletion of antioxidant enzymes produced by the host organs.

Oxidative stress is a condition caused by an imbalance of the ratio of free radicals and antioxidants in the body.

Some researchers suggested that oxidative stress may also arise due to the chain reaction of free radicals in which free radicals donate or intercept an electron from other stable molecules.

Cruciferous vegetables are a group of vegetables, belongings to the family Brassicaceae (also called Cruciferae) with many genera, species, and cultivated all over the world in suitable climate for commercial profits, including cauliflower, cabbage, kale, garden cress, bok choy, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, and green leafy vegetables.

On finding a natural antioxidant whole food, researchers examined the antioxidant activities of some Brassica vegetables.

According to the dietary information,
* The antioxidants in cruciferous vegetables were found to be influenced by antioxidant breakdown and leaching during cooking, particularly in heat cooking.

* Brassica vegetables, including cruciferous vegetables, perceived minor antioxidant ability in processed vegetables compared to uncooked samples.

* Food processing operations in terms of blanching, canning, sterilizing and freezing have a strong effect on the antioxidant capacity.

In other words, cooking methods perhaps can have a major influence on the yield, chemical structure, and bioavailability of antioxidants in the Brassica family.

More precisely, the consumption of raw or slightly blanched veggies is an appropriate way to maximize its health benefits.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters 
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally 

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You. How-To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Antioxidant Components of Brassica Vegetables Including Turnip and the Influence of Processing and Storage on their Anti-oxidative Properties by Gharehbeglou P1, Jafari SM. (PubMed)

Broccoli Inhibits the Onset of Colon Cancer Cells in Vivo

By Kyle J. Norton

The colon is also known as the large intestine.
Colon cancer is relatively very common and slowly growing and progressing cancer.

Most cases of primary colon cancer start in the cell on the surface of the inner lining of the colon. At the early stage. most patients with colon cancer do not experience any symptoms.

However, at the advanced stage, the tumor not only can spread to other healthy tissue and organs a distance away through blood and fluid circulation but also suppress the nearby tissue and nerve cells.

The progression of colon cancer at this stage not only induces symptoms of the change in bowel habits, the change in the consistency of your stool, that lasts longer than four weeks but also causes rectal bleeding and persistent abdominal severe pain.

Researchers do not know the exact causes of the disease. But they do know a history of polyps, ethnicity, high-fat diet and low fiber, the increase in age, the long-term infection of colon diseases are some of the prevalent risk factors associated with the onset and progression of colon cancer, according to epidemiological studies.

According to the statistic provided by the American Cancer Society, colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer diagnosed in the United States. Every year approximately, 90000 new cases of colon cancer. 43,000 new cases of rectal cancer are diagnosed, leading to the death of 50,000 patients.

The lifetime risk of developing colorectal cancer is about 1 in 22 (4.49%) for men and 1 in 24 (4.15%) for women.

The 5-year survival rate for patients diagnosed with localized stage colorectal cancer is 90%. About 39% of patients are diagnosed at this early stage.

Broccoli is a mustard/cabbage plant, belong to the family Brassicaceae. The veggie has large flower heads, usually green in color and the mass of flower heads surrounded by leaves and evolved from a wild cabbage plant on the continent of Europe.

On finding a potential plant that processes anticarcinogenic activity, researchers examined the effects of diets containing plant materials of the Brassica vegetables broccoli and pak choi enriched by adding glucosinolates (GSLs).

In a model of inflammation-triggered colon carcinogenesis (AOM/DSS model), selected mice were fed by different amounts (GSL-poor versus GSL-rich) and different patterns (broccoli versus pak choi) of GSLs, researchers found that up-take and bioactivation of GSLs were found after feeding the Brassica diets for four weeks.

High glucoraphanin content with broccoli diets also induced the formation of sulforaphane-lysine and 1-methoxyindolyl-3-methyl-histidine adducts.

Furthermore, In the colon, the GSL-rich broccoli and the GSL-rich pak choi diet up-regulated the expression of different sets of typical Nrf2 target genes associated with the production of antioxidant enzymes but did not affect Ugt1a1 that is responsible for the glucuronidation of bilirubin, allowing for its excretion.

However, in the colon, the GSL-rich broccoli diet showed no effects in both colitis and tumor number compared to the GSL-rich pak choi diet which was drastically reduced.

Moreover, GSLs can act anti-inflammatory and anti-carcinogenic but both effects depend on the specific amount and pattern of GSLs within a vegetable.

Based on the results of the trial, researchers said, "a high Brassica consumption cannot be generally considered to be cancer-preventive".

Taken altogether, broccoli enriched by adding glucosinolates (GSLs) may be considered a remedy for the prevention of colon cancer, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters 
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally 

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Glucosinolates from pak choi and broccoli induce enzymes and inhibit inflammation and colon cancer differently by Lippmann D1, Lehmann C, Florian S, Barknowitz G, Haack M, Mewis I, Wiesner M, Schreiner M, Glatt H, Brigelius-Flohé R, Kipp AP. (PubMed)