Holistic Health Articles and Research Related to Herbal Medicines, Foods and Phytochemicals

Saturday, 6 July 2019

Bromelain Promotes Anti Inflammatory Activity Against Allergic Asthma

By Kyle J. Norton

Allergic asthma is the most common form of asthma, triggered by inhaling allergens such as dust mites, pet dander, pollen or mold.

The condition in most cases is involved in the overreaction of the immune system against the unharmful allergens, leading to the tightening the muscle of the airway.

Most common allergens facilitate the onset of allergic asthma include, pollen from trees, grasses, and weeds, mold spores, and fragments, animal dander.

Other conditions such as smoking, a fireplace, candles, incense, or fireworks, air pollution, chemical fumes are also found to induce allergic asthma in the US.

Most common symptoms of allergic asthma are coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath and tight chest.

Severe allergic asthma can also cause complications such as hives, mouth or facial swelling, difficulty swallowing.

According to the Allergy and Asthma Network, 8.0 percent (19.1 million) of adults over age 18 in the U.S. have respiratory allergies, 8.4 percent (6.1 million) of children in the U.S. have respiratory allergies.

Conventionally, medications used for treating allergic asthma are focusing to reduce symptoms and improve quality of life.

Bromelain, a proteolytic enzyme found in pineapples (Ananas comosus) has been used in traditional medicine as an inflammatory agent and to treat pains, strains, and muscle aches and pains and ease back pain and chronic joint pain, skin diseases, etc.

With an aim to find a potential ingredient for the treatment of asthma, researchers examined the asthmatic protective of bromelain in C57BL/6J mice sensitized with OVA/alum and challenged with 7 days OVA aerosol.

Selected mice included in the study were received sBr 6 mg/kg/0.5 ml or PBS vehicle throughout sensitization.

According to the tested assays, sBr treatment throughout OVA-alum sensitization significantly reduced the development of allergic airway disease (AAD) by balancing the levels of BAL eosinophils and lymphocytes.

Furthermore, sBr decreased the levels of OVA-specific IgE and OVA TET(+) cells by inhibiting the elevated levels of CD11c(+) dendritic cell-associated with inflammation and CD44, a marker of inflammatory disease.

Based on the findings, researchers wrote, "These results provide additional insight into sBr's anti-inflammatory and antiallergic properties and rationale for translation into the clinical arena".

In order to reveal more information about bromelain anti-asthmatic symptoms, researchers investigated the ability of bromelain in reducing the inflammation of preexisting asthma via ovalbumin (OVA)-induced murine model of allergic airway disease (AAD).

Selected mice used in the study received either received phosphate buffered saline (PBS) only or bromelain in PBS as the intervention group.

According to the results at the end of the experiment, bromelain treatment of AAD mice (bromelain group) showed a significant anti-inflammatory activity observed by reduced BAL total leukocytes (P < .05), eosinophils (P < .05), and cellular infiltrates via lung pathology, compared to the control.

Bromelain also significantly reduced BAL CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, an indication of normal immune activity without affecting cell numbers in the spleen or hilar lymph node.

In other words, bromelain inhibited allergic airway inflammation associated with the onset of asthma by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines through modulating the immune function.

Dr. Secor ER Jr, the leads scientist wrote, "The results suggest that bromelain has a therapeutic effect in established AAD, which may translate into an effective adjunctive therapy in patients with similar conditions, such as allergic asthma, who have chosen to initiate treatment after the onset of symptoms".

Taken altogether, bromelain may be considered supplements for the prevention and treatment of allergic asthma, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of bromelain in the form of supplement should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.

Sources
(1) Bromelain limits airway inflammation in an ovalbumin-induced murine model of established asthma by Secor ER Jr1, Shah SJ, Guernsey LA, Schramm CM, Thrall RS. (PubMed)
(2) Bromelain Inhibits Allergic Sensitization and Murine Asthma via Modulation of Dendritic Cells by Secor ER Jr1, Szczepanek SM2, Castater CA3, Adami AJ2, Matson AP4, Rafti ET4, Guernsey L2, Natarajan P2, McNamara JT5, Schramm CM4, Thrall RS2, Silbart LK. (PubMed)

Navy Bean, the Legume which Promotes the Colon Health

By Kyle J. Norton

The Colon or large intestine formed part of the digestive system plays a critical role to remove waste and maintain the fluid and electrolyte balance.

The colon begins at the end of the small intestine and ends at the rectum. The colon consists of four parts: descending colon, ascending colon, transverse colon, and sigmoid colon.

More precisely,

* The function of the descending colon is to store the remains of digested food that will be emptied into the rectum.

* The function of the ascending colon is to carry feces from the cecum superiorly along the right side of our abdominal cavity to the transverse colon.

* In the transverse colon, water and nutrients are removed, and feces are formed.

* In the sigmoid colon, the feces are stored before leaving the body through the rectum.

Colon Health is an action or process that promotes a healthy colon.

Some researchers suggested that eating a nutrient-dense diet, including more fiber-rich foods is the best way to maintain a healthy colon.

Dr. Andrew T Kunzmann, the lead scientist wrote, "Elevated total dietary fiber intake was associated with a significantly reduced risk of incident distal colorectal adenoma".

And, "individuals consuming the highest intakes of dietary fiber have reduced risks of incident colorectal adenoma and distal colon cancer and that this effect of dietary fiber, particularly from cereals and fruit, may begin early in colorectal carcinogenesis".

The small, white navy bean, also called pea bean or haricot, popular in both dry and green forms, is very popular in Britain and the US, native to Peru. It is now grown and consumed across the world, due to their numerous health benefits.

With an aim to find a natural compound to improve the colonic functioning, researchers examined the effects of cooked navy bean on biomarkers of colon health and inflammation during colitis.

The study included C57BL/6 mice were fed a 20 % navy bean or black bean flour-containing diet or an isoenergetic basal diet (BD) for 2 weeks before the induction of experimental colitis via 7 d dextran sodium sulfate (DSS, 2 % (w/v) in the drinking-water) exposure.

Based on the experiment results,

* Compared with the BD, both navy and black bean diets increased fecal non-digestible fermentable components SCFA and fecal phenolic compound concentrations.

* Injection of both bean diet demonstrated a strong effect on colitis by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and exhibiting the production of the anti-inflammatory cytokines.

* Oxidative stress was significantly decreased in both bean treatment group compared to control.

Believe it or not, both bean diets were found to enhance DSS-induced colonic damage as indicated by an increased histological injury score and apoptosis.

In other words, the navy bean has a strong effect in reducing the inflammation of colitis, However, overdose, and long-term intake in patients with colitis may induce colonic mucosal damage.

Based on the finding, researchers wrote, "bean-containing diets exerted both beneficial and adverse effects during experimental colitis by reducing inflammatory biomarkers both locally and systemically while aggravating colonic mucosal damage".

Taken altogether, navy bean may be considered a remedy for the improvement of colon health, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Sources
(1) Cooked navy and black bean diets improve biomarkers of colon health and reduce inflammation during colitis by Zhang C1, Monk JM1, Lu JT1, Zarepoor L1, Wu W1, Liu R1, Pauls KP2, Wood GA3, Robinson L4, Tsao R1, Power KA. (PubMed)
(2) Dietary fiber intake and risk of colorectal cancer and incident and recurrent adenoma in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial by Andrew T Kunzmann,3,5 Helen G Coleman,3,5,* Wen-Yi Huang,4 Cari M Kitahara,4Marie M Cantwell,3 and Sonja I Berndt. (PMC)

Turmeric Protects the Renal Cells Integrity Against Kidney Disease

By Kyle J. Norton

The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs located just below the rib cage, one on each side of your spine.

The kidneys formed a second detoxed organ in the body after liver not only plays an essential role in regulating electrolytes, blood pressure, maintains acid-base balance, produces hormone calcitriol, renin, and erythropoietin,... but also filters blood that passes into the tubules. In the Urinary system, kidneys reabsorbed some necessary substances back into the blood, while waste, such as urea and ammonium are deposited into pelvis then into the ureter to the bladder for secretion.

Kidney disease is a condition that reduces the function of the kidney acutely or gradually.

Kidney cancer is a medical condition caused by irregular cell growth that starts in the cells on the surface of the inner lining tissue of the kidney due to the alternation of DNA. At the advanced stage, kidney cancer can spread via the bloodstream, leading to the second tumor generally found in the lung.

According to the statistics, approximately 14 percent of the US population suffer some forms of chronic kidney disease (CKD), including 661,000 cases of kidney failure.

Believe it or not, almost half of the individuals with CKD also have diabetes and/or self-reported cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Blood in urine, protein in the urine, kidney stones, kidney infection, kidney pain, hepatitis C and other forms of kidney diseases are signs of kidney disease that can lead CKD.

If you experience some of the aforementioned symptoms that do not heal in a short period of time, please check with your doctor to rule out the possibility.

CKD if untreated can lead to kidney failure, the end-stage renal disease (ESRD).

Turmeric is a perennial plant in the genus Curcuma, belonging to the family Zingiberaceae, native to tropical South Asia.

The herb has been used in traditional medicine as anti-oxidant, hypoglycemic, colorant, antiseptic, wound healing agent, and for the treatment of flatulence, bloating, and appetite loss, ulcers, eczema, inflammations, etc.

With an aim to find a potent compound for the treament of chronic kidney disease (CKD), researchers examined the turmeric anti antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic activities on kidney structure and function in rats induced CKD by adenine.

The study included rats induced KD-like renal damage by adenine with three doses of curcumin for 5 weeks.

According to the markers of kidney function and oxidative stress,, urine, renal homogenates on kidney tissue, researchers found that

* Curcumin significantly abates adenine-induced toxic effects such as reduced creatinine clearance.

* Elevated neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin levels induced by adenine associated with kidney damage are also inhibited by the injection curcumin.

* Curcumin also enhanced the levels of antioxidant enzyme in the kidney tissue by raising the urinary N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase activities.

In other words, the bioactive compound isolated from turmeric curcumin strongly reduced renal morphological damage and histopathological markers of inflammation, such as the inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α, cystatin C and adiponectin, involved in the formation of fibrosis, and kidney cell apoptosis.

Elevated plasma sclerostin concentrations and oxidative stress in renal homogenates induced by adenine were also inhibited by the presence of curcumin.

Furthermore, in animal experiments, administration of two higher curcumin concentrations, alone or in combination with adenine, also showed similar efficacy in increasing expression of the antioxidative transcription factor (Nrf2) and the activity against oxidative stress in the kidney tissue.

Based on the results, researchers said, "curcumin exhibits salutary effects against adenine-induced CKD in rats by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress via up-regulation of the transcription factor Nrf2".

Taken altogether, turmeric processed abundantly bioactive compound curcumin may be considered supplements for the prevention and treatment of chronic kidney disease, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of turmeric in the form of supplement should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

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Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca

Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Curcumin and chronic kidney disease (CKD): major mode of action through stimulating endogenous intestinal alkaline phosphatase by Ghosh SS1, Gehr TW2, Ghosh S. (PubMed)
(2) Curcumin Ameliorates Kidney Function and Oxidative Stress in Experimental Chronic Kidney Disease by Ali BH1, Al-Salam S2, Al Suleimani Y1, Al Kalbani J1, Al Bahlani S3, Ashique M1, Manoj P1, Al Dhahli B3, Al Abri N4, Naser HT2, Yasin J5, Nemmar A6, Al Za'abi M1, Hartmann C7, Schupp N. (PubMed)

Organic Growth Onion Processed Higher Antioxidant Contents than Conventional Growth Onion

By Kyle J. Norton

Antioxidants are molecules that inhibit oxidation. In other words, Antioxidants donate or intercept the lone electron in the outermost ring of free radicals before they can cause damage to the protein, lipid, and cell damage

Free radicals are reactive oxidative species or ROS that are chemically reactive atoms containing oxygen

In other words, ROS includes a number of reactive molecules and free radicals derived from molecular oxygen, including peroxides, superoxide, hydroxyl radical, singlet oxygen, and alpha-oxygen.

Free radicals are unstable molecules. Therefore, in order for them to maintain stable, free radicals must intercept or donate an electron to or from the stable atoms respectively, leading a domino's effect that can not be stopped until all outermost ring electrons are paired or inhibited by antioxidants.

Long-term overexpression of free radicals compared to antioxidants can result in oxidative stress, a leading cause of protein, lipid and cellular damage.

In a healthy individual, antioxidant enzymes produced by the body are good enough to neutralize the levels of free radicals in the body. However, people with a weakened immune system may need an additional dietary source of antioxidant.

Most common risk factors associated with oxidative stress are antioxidants deficiency in the body caused by demographic, physical, lifestyle or nutritional factors.

Some researchers suggested people who smoke may be at the increased risk of oxidative stress.

Hydroxyl radical (OH•) is the most common and very dangerous free radical form of the hydroxide ion (OH–). It is produced from the decomposition of hydroperoxides (ROOH) by the reaction of an elevation in energy level above an arbitrary baseline energy state molecular oxygen with water.

The hydroxyl radical is highly reactive and has a very short in vivo half-life of approx. 10−9 s Hydroxyl radical cannot be eliminated by an enzymatic reaction and can damage virtually all types of macromolecules: carbohydrates, nucleic acids (mutations), lipids (lipid peroxidation) and amino acids.

Believe it or not, free radical levels in a moderate amount are necessary to enhance the body functioning, including vascular relaxation.

By balancing the ratio of free radicals and antioxidant may be the best way to avoid the development of chronic illness associated with oxidative stress.

The onion is a plant in the genus Allium, belonging to the family Alliaceae, a close relation of garlic. It is often called the "king of vegetables" because of its pungent taste and found in a large number of recipes and preparations spanning almost the totality of the world's cultures.

Depending on the variety, an onion can be sharp, spicy, tangy, pungent, mild or sweet.

On finding a potential compound which processed significant antioxidants researchers differentiated the antioxidant compounds in the 'Hyskin' and 'Red Baron' onion.

By comparing the levels of antioxidants in conventional and organic growth onion, researchers found that
* Total flavonoids were higher in 'Red Baron' and when onions were grown under organic soil treatment.

* There are no differences among the total anthocyanins, individual flavonols, individual anthocyanins in both methods of cultivation.

Based on the findings, organically cultivated onion may have a stronger antioxidants activity compared to those of conventional growth due to the higher content of total flavonoids.

Further differentiation of the methods of cultivation, researchers wrote, "Differences were primarily due to different soil management practices used in organic agriculture rather than pesticide/ herbicide application".

Moreover, based on the results of the effect of conventional, organic, and mixed cultivation practices on the content of total phenolics, total flavonoids, and antioxidant activity in the same in two varieties of onion grown over 4 years in a split-plot factorial systems comparison trial, researchers also found that

* Levels of total phenolics and total flavonoids process a significant year-on-year variation.

* Levels of antioxidants were also significantly different between organic and conventional production systems.

* Fully organic onion processed a high antioxidant content compared to those of fully conventional growth

Taken altogether, onion cultivated organically processed higher levels of antioxidants compared to conventional cultivation, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Sources
(1) Higher Antioxidant Activity, Total Flavonols, and Specific Quercetin Glucosides in Two Different Onion (Allium cepa L.) Varieties Grown under Organic Production: Results from a 6-Year Field Study by Ren F1,2, Reilly K1, Kerry JP2, Gaffney M1, Hossain M1, Rai DK. (PubMed)
(2) Evaluation of polyphenolic content and antioxidant activity in two onion varieties grown under organic and conventional production systems by Ren F1,2, Reilly K1, Gaffney M1, Kerry JP2, Hossain M1, Rai DK. (PubMed).
(3) Antioxidants - Most Common Types of Free Radicals by Kyle J. Norton

Friday, 5 July 2019

Cranberry Extract Kills Nasopharyngeal Cancer Cell in Vitro

By Kyle J. Norton

The nasopharynx is an upper part of the pharynx, connecting the nasal cavity above the soft palate with a primary function that allows us to breathe through the nose.

Nasopharyngeal cancer is a medical condition characterized by irregular cell growth in the tissues of the nasopharynx.

Most cases of nasopharyngeal cancer start in the cell on the surface of the inner lining of the nasopharyngeal tissue before penetrating into deeper layers to form a tumor through cell cycle division.

A recent joint study led by the Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University Dental College & Hospital suggested that cranberry extract may be potent to inhibit oral cancer.

Cranberry is an evergreen dwarf shrub, genus Vaccinium, belongings to the family Ericaceae, native to Northern America and Southern Asia. Because of its health benefits, cranberry has been cultivated in some parts of the world for commercial profit and used in traditional and herbal medicine to treat wounds, urinary disorders, diarrhea, diabetes, stomach ailments, and liver problems.

According to the TNM system, nasopharyngeal cancer can be classified into stages depending on the size and location of the tumor.
* TX is the stage that the primary tumor cannot be found.

* T0 is the stage that the primary tumor cannot be measured.

* T1 is the stage that the tumor has not spread beyond the nasopharynx.

* T2 is the stage that the tumor extends into the soft tissue of the middle throat.

* T3 is the stage that the tumor has extended into the bone structure or into the area behind the nose.

* T4 is the advanced stage nasopharyngeal cancer in which the tumor has spread to other parts of the body.

The study included 3 dose-related of parameters GI50, TGI, and LC50 of cranberry extract used in a number of oral cancer cell lines compared to Chlorhexidine (CHX).

In KB (Nasopharyngeal carcinoma), application of CE at a dose of 80µg/ml demonstrated a 70.6% growth inhibition.

However, at the same dose, CE showed no anti-cancer property against AW13516 cell line, a poorly to moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue.

Compared to CE, CHX demonstrated 80.15% & 95.7% of growth inhibition against AW13516 & KB cell line respectively.

Furthermore, compared to the drug Adriamycin, both CE and CHX was less potentcy reflected by their GI50, TGI, and LC50 values.

In other words, cranberry extracts exerted efficacy against nasopharyngeal cancer, similarly to those of chemo drugs.

Based on the results, researchers said, "CHX exhibited better anti-cancer properties than CE for both the oral cancer cell lines (AW13516 and KG) cell line ".

Taken altogether, cranberry extract may be considered a functional remedy for the prevention and treatment of nasopharyngeal cancer, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Sources
(1) Anticancer activity of chlorhexidine and cranberry extract: an in-vitro study.
Khairnar MR1, Wadgave U1, Jadhav H2, Naik R. (PubMed)

Turmeric Protects the Neurons Against Amyloid Plaques that Cause the Onset of Alzheimer’s disease

By Kyle J. Norton

Amyloid plaques are the formation of beta-amyloid, which has been found to interfere or disrupt the information transmitted between nerve cells.

Beta-amyloid, the main component of the amyloid plaques found in the brain cells is a hallmark in patients with Alzheimer's disease.

Beta-amyloid formed part of the larger protein called “amyloid precursor protein” (APP) that extends from the inside of brain cells to the outside by passing through the fatty membrane around the cell.

According to the statistics, from Alzheimer’s Disease International, nearly 44 million people worldwide, are living with Alzheimer’s or related dementia.

Sadly, Alzheimer’s and dementia is most common in Western Europe and North America compared to other parts of the world.

A joint study led by the Woosuk University, Wanju suggested that-5 ethanol extract including turmeric may have a therapeutic effect in vitro and in vivo on Aβ-induced AD in mice.

Under normal conditions, APP bind to other proteins on the surface of cells to attach to one another, when they are cut by other proteins. In some circumstances, probably due to DNA alternation or genetic mutation, one of the pieces beta-amyloid is produced. The accumulation of beta-amyloid into microscopic amyloid plaques over time can cause gradual death of the affected brain cell, leading to to the onset of Alzheimer’s disease (AD).

Turmeric is a perennial plant in the genus Curcuma, belonging to the family Zingiberaceae, native to tropical South Asia.

The herb has been used in traditional medicine as anti-oxidant, hypoglycemic, colorant, antiseptic, wound healing agent, and to treat flatulence, bloating, and appetite loss, ulcers, eczema, inflammations, etc.

According to the study, WS-5 exerted a significant inhibitory effect on acetylcholinesterase (AChE). associated with reduced function of neurotransmitters.

Furthermore, WS-5 prevented Aβ oligomerization associated with neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease via inhibition of Aβ 1-42 aggregation.

Moreover, according to the 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, WS-5 possessed a high antioxidant activity, observed by the increase of the total antioxidant status (TAS).

Some researchers in the investigated the increased expression of amyloid plaques found in the aging population with AD wrote, "Age is the single greatest risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease with the incidence doubling every 5 years after age 65".

And, "a highly significant correlation between increasing age and slowed amyloid-beta turnover rates (2.5-fold longer half-life over five decades of age). In addition, we found independent effects on amyloid-beta42 kinetics specifically in participants with amyloid deposition. Amyloidosis was associated with a higher (>50%) irreversible loss of soluble amyloid-beta42 and a 10-fold higher amyloid-beta42 reversible exchange rate".

In other words, the genetic preposition that causes the onset of amyloid beta accumulation takes years to form amyloid plaques that destroy the brain neuron.

Additionally, WS-5 also protected the neuron against plaque formation by its anti-inflammatory properties observed by the inhibition of lipopolysaccharide-induced production of nitric oxide and two proinflammatory cytokines, TNF-α and IL-6, similarly to those in elderly AD.

More importantly, memory impairment in mice with Aβ-induced AD was also inhibited by the injection WS-5, according to the Morris water maze and passive avoidance test.

In other words, W-5 protected the neurons against the pathological changes in the hippocampus and cortex region of the mouse brain induced AD by lipopolysaccharide.

More importantly, WS-5 (250 mg/kg) treatment improved learning and suppressed memory impairment as well as reduced Aβ plaque accumulation in Aβ-induced AD.

Collectively, researchers wrote, "WS-5 could be applied as a natural product therapy with a focus on neuroinflammation-related neurodegenerative disorders".

Taken altogether, turmeric processed abundantly bioactive compound curcumin may be considered supplements for the prevention of amyloid plaques induced neurodegenerative disorders, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of turmeric in the form of supplement should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca

Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Synthetic Curcumin Analogs as Inhibitors of β -Amyloid Peptide Aggregation: Potential Therapeutic and Diagnostic Agents for Alzheimer's Disease by Bukhari SN1, Jantan I. (PubMed)
(2) WS-5 Extract of Curcuma longa, Chaenomeles sinensis, and Zingiber officinaleContains Anti-AChE Compounds and Improves β-Amyloid-Induced Memory Impairment in Mice by Kim JE1, Shrestha AC1, Kim HS1, Ham HN1, Kim JH1, Kim YJ1, Noh YJ1, Kim SJ1, Kim DK1, Jo HK2, Kim DS2, Moon KH3, Lee JH3, Jeong KO3, Leem JY. (PubMed)
(3) Age and Amyloid Effects on Human CNS Amyloid-Beta Kinetics by Bruce W. Patterson, PhD,1 Donald L. Elbert, PhD,2 Kwasi G. Mawuenyega, PhD,3 Tom Kasten, PhD,3 Vitaliy Ovod, MS,3 Shengmei Ma, MS,4 Chengjie Xiong, PhD,4,7 Robert Chott, BS,1Kevin Yarasheski, PhD,1 Wendy Sigurdson, RN, MSN,3,7 Lily Zhang, BS,8 Alison Goate, D. Phil,5,8 Tammie Benzinger, MD, PhD,6,7 John C. Morris, MD,3,7 David Holtzman, MD,3,7,8and Randall J. Bateman, MD. (PMC)

Phytochemical isobetanin Protects the Breast Cell integrity and Viability Against Breast Cancer

By Kyle J. Norton

The breast formed part of the women reproductive system is the tissue overlying the chest muscles with a primary function to produce milk for nutrition to the infant and baby.

The size of a women breast is totally depending on the amount of fat accumulation.

Breast cancer is a type of cancer that starts in the tissues of the breast either from the inner lining of milk ducts (Ductal carcinoma) or the lobules (Lobular carcinoma) that supply the ducts with milk.

However, at the advanced stage, invasive cancer cells can travel a distance away from the breast to infect other healthy tissue and organ via lymph and blood, leading to secondary metastasis.

According to the joint study led by the Unité Génie Enzymatique et Cellulaire, phytochemical isobetanin may process chemopreventive activity against breast cancer.

Isobetanin is Phytochemicals in the class of red and yellow indole-derived pigments of Betacyanins, belongings to the group of Betalains, found abundantly in beets, chard,...

In MCF-7-treated cells, betanin/isobetanin concentrate exerted anti-cancer activity by significantly decreased cancer cell proliferation and viability.

Betanin/isobetanin concentrates increased the levels of proteins associated with the promotion of apoptosis such as Bad, and p53 and alternated the cancer cells mitochondrial membrane potential that processed energy storage during oxidative phosphorylation.

Betanin/isobetanin treatment also induced autophagic cell death in MCF-7 cancer cell line.

According to the statistics, the lifetime risk of breast cancer of a woman is 12%. In the US, approximately 268,600 new cases of invasive breast cancer will be diagnosed in women along with 62,930 new cases of non-invasive (in situ) breast cancer, compared to 2,670 new cases of invasive breast cancer in men in 2019.

Most common symptoms at the early stage of breast cancer are lump (mass) in the breast, in the armpit (lymph nodes), nipple discharge (clear or bloody), inverted or retracted nipple, scaly or pitted skin on nipple persistent tenderness of the breast and unusual breast pain or discomfort.

However, at the advanced stage, patients with breast cancer may also experience additional symptoms of bone pain (secondary tumors in the bone), shortness of breath (secondary tumors in the lung), unintentional weight loss and drop in appetite (secondary tumors in the liver) and headaches, neurological pain or weakness (secondary tumors in the nervous system).

The causes of breast cancer are unknown. Out of many risk factors associated with the risk of breast cancer, aging may be a major factor as most breast cancers are diagnosed after age 50.

Dr. Christopher C. Benz wrote, "early-onset breast cancers largely represent inherited or early life-transforming effects on the immature mammary epithelium, late-onset breast cancers likely follow extended exposures to promoting stimuli of susceptible epithelium that has failed to age normally"

And " late-onset breast cancers grow more slowly and are biologically less aggressive than early-onset breast cancers, even when controlled for hormone receptor (e.g. estrogen receptor, ER) and growth factor receptor (e.g. HER2) expression, supporting the conclusion that the biology of breast cancer is age-dependent".

More precisely, betanin/isobetanin inhibits breast cells toxicity induced breast cancer caused by accumulated of breast tissue damage due to oxidative stress over time.

Based on the finding, researchers said, "Our data bring new insight to consider the betanin/isobetanin mix as a therapeutic anticancer compound, alone or in combination with classical chemotherapeutic drugs, especially in functional p53 tumors".

Taken altogether, isobetanin combined with betanin/may be considered a remedy for the prevention and treatment of breast cancer, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Sources
(1) Phytochemicals in quinoa and amaranth grains and their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and potential health beneficial effects: A review by Yao Tang and Rong Tsao (Reseach Gate)
(2) Betanin-Enriched Red Beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) Extract Induces Apoptosis and Autophagic Cell Death in MCF-7 Cells by Nowacki L1,2, Vigneron P2, Rotellini L2, Cazzola H1, Merlier F1, Prost E1, Ralanairina R3, Gadonna JP3, Rossi C1, Vayssade M. (PubMed)
(3) Impact of aging on the biology of breast cancer by Christopher C. Benz. (PMC)