Holistic Health Articles and Research Related to Herbal Medicines, Foods and Phytochemicals

Saturday, 30 December 2017

Alternative Therapy: Yoga In Reduced Symptoms of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Kyle J. Norton

Yoga therapy may have a profound effect in reduced risk and treatment of symptoms of Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a Japanese study suggested.

Inflammatory Bowel Disease is a condition characterized by long term inflammation of the gut, including Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.

Yoga, the ancient practical technique for harmonized external and internal body well being, through breath control, meditation, bodily movement and gesture..... has been best known for people in Western world and some parts in Asia due to health benefits reported by various respectable institutes' research and supported by health advocates.

In a study of total of 100 IBD patients [ulcerative colitis (UC) n = 60 and Crohn's disease (CD) n = 40] during the clinical remission phase of disease, allocated randomly to either the yoga group underwent an 8-week yoga intervention (physical postures, pranayama, and meditation) 1- hour/day in addition to standard medical therapy (UC, n = 30; CD, n = 20) or the control group (UC, n = 30; CD n = 20), with standard medical therapy alone in the same period, researchers indicated that after the periods of intervention, yoga group expressed fewer arthralgia in UC patients and intestinal colic pain also reduced substantially in yoga group in compared to control.

In deed, yoga practice with breathing and meditation was found to demonstrate a significant effect in induction of relaxation and calmness of central nervous system, thus reducing acute and chronic psychological stress in induced production of catecholamines, glucagon, growth hormones, causing direct implication of inflammatory process in initiated chronic swelling and pain.

Further analysis also discovered, yoga group showed a significant improvement of state and trait anxiety levels in patients with UC which can also be attributed to yoga effect in bring back the presence of self consciousness by dealing the psychological symptoms such as anxiety and depression caused by chronic stress in a positive way or letting them go.

Based on these results, Sharma P, the led author said, "simplified yoga-based regimen is a safe and effective complementary clinical treatment modality for patients with inflammatory bowel disease during the clinical remission phase".

In children study to determine the use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in inflammatory bowel disease population at a single pediatric center, through a survey distributed electronically and given out to patients in the clinic, researchers found that 16.3% of parents returned survey indicated that yoga/meditation may be helpful in treating their children inflammatory bowel disease.

After taking in account to other cofounders, Ceballos C, the led author said, "Families are supportive of CAM both at the time of diagnosis and as an ongoing component of their child's treatment".

Interestingly, in the study to evaluated mind-body complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) modalities (e.g., relaxation or meditation) for symptom management in adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), researchers illustrated that in 67 adolescents with IBD ages 12-19 selected from a children's hospital completed a questionnaire, scientists indicated that
40% of returned survey used yoga relaxation from once/day to once/week for symptom management. In multivariate analyses, females were more likely to use relaxation and adolescents with more severe disease were more willing to consider using relaxation in the future.

Some researchers suggested that yoga relaxation based intervention could improve the quality of life in patients with IBD and reduce expression inflammatory cytokines through protein NF-κB in response to stress in precipitated inflammatory symptoms.

Taking altogether, Yoga may be considered as adjunct therapy combined with standard treatment for patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

For More information of yoga lessons tailor to a complete well being for women, please visit: YOGA BURN

Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca

Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrients, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Effect of Yoga-Based Intervention in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease by Sharma P1, Poojary G2, Dwivedi SN3, Deepak KK4.(PubMed)
(2) Complementary and alternative medicine use at a single pediatric inflammatory bowel disease center by Ceballos C1, Bao R, Dunkin D, Song Y, Li XM, Benkov K.(PubMed)
(3) Mind-body complementary alternative medicine use and quality of life in adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease by Cotton S1, Humenay Roberts Y, Tsevat J, Britto MT, Succop P, McGrady ME, Yi MS.(PubMed)

Herbal Therapy: Green Tea in Protection Against Chronological and Photo Aging

Although no one can avoid aging, the process can be slow down. Green tea may have a potential and positive effect in delay the process through its anti aging phytochemicals, some scientists suggested.

Green tea, a precious drink processes numbers of health benefit known to almost everyone in Asia and Western world. However, as yin in nature herbal medicine or food, long term injection of large amounts may obstruct the balance of yin-yang, induced "yin excessive syndrome" or "yang vacuity syndrome" including weaken immunity and painful case of GERD,... according to traditional Chinese medicine's Yin-Yang theory.

The investigation of green tea properties in anti aging effect was found to associate many different mechanisms involved expression of some major polyphenols.

According to the investigation of the experiment of 45 male mice model divided into 5 groups induced aging through injection of d-galactose in the period of 8 weeks in compared to positive control fed with Vitamin C (VitC), mice treated with green tea, bioactive Epigallocatechin gallate(EGCG) once a day by subcutaneously inject after 5h of injecting d-galactose exerted a antioxidant effect in improved over all skin condition and whole structure of skin in compared to positive control at the end of study.

Further analysis also found that the chemical constituents of green tea inhibited the over production of osidative stress caused by injection of d-galactose through neutralized ROS insults to maintain good dermal health.

Interestingly, in compared to control, green tea EGCG also increased expression of epidermal growth factor in stimulated skin growth at the cellular level and increase collagen production in protect skin against aging senility.

Moreover, the evaluated characteristics of human skin and how photo-aging (extrinsic aging) occur via the impact of ROS production by cascade signaling pathways indicated that administration of green tea extracts (GTEs) protects the affect of aging skin through inhibited cutaneous erythema induced of redness of the skin, thickening of the epidermis involved over expression of CK5/6 in promoted cutaneous neoplasms, a new and abnormal growth of skin tissue and cytokeratin(CK16) in induction of expression in abnormal skin epithelial patterns.

In deed, the expression green tea also showed a strong implication in reduced matrix metalloproteinases 2-9 (MMP-2, MMP-9) activities in elevated skin changes and depletion of CD1a(+) LCs in induction of skin inflammation, caused by UVR application

In chronological (intrinsic) aging, administration of polyphenols, which are secondary plant metabolites also found to protect against skin aging through exhibition of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, according to the existing literature, linking skin aging and the ability of polyphenols as regulatory elements with function in maintained skin homeostasis.

Dr. Davinelli S, said at end of study, "Polyphenols exert their influence mostly through their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, thereby abrogating collagen degradation and/or increasing procollagen synthesis".

Finally, in the 33 healthy Asian subjects, all men enrolled after consent in a placebo-controlled comparative study with a split face design with one group applied multiple emulsions with green tea and the second group applied multiple emulsions with lotus extract, while a third group applied a multiple emulsion with a combination of both extracts, once daily over the 60-day treatment researchers found that all groups show a significant improvement on skin roughness (SEr), scaliness (SEsc), smoothness (SEsm), and wrinkling (SEw). In compared to other 2 groups, green tea and lotus combined in multiple emulsions brought a superior synergistic anti-aging effect..

Dr. Mahmood T, the lead author, after taking into account of other con founders, said, "diverse anti-oxidant constituents in both plants have a potential influence on skin surface parameters, thus indicating these plants as the future of new anti-agingproducts".

Taken together, green tea bioactive polyphenols may be considered as a functional food used as topical or oral injection to delay skin aging process through over expression antioxidant in improved in both chronological (intrinsic) and photo-aging (extrinsic) aging.

For More information of yoga lessons tailor to a complete well being for women, please visit: YOGA BURN

Sources
(1) Combined topical application of lotus and green tea improves facial skin surface parameters by Mahmood T1, Akhtar N.(PubMed)
(2) Protective effects of green tea extracts on photoaging and photommunosuppression by Li YH1, Wu Y, Wei HC, Xu YY, Jia LL, Chen J, Yang XS, Dong GH, Gao XH, Chen HD.(PubMed)
(3) Anti-skin-aging effect of epigallocatechin gallate by regulating epidermal growth factor receptor pathway on aging mouse model induced by d-Galactose by Chen J1, Li Y2, Zhu Q1, Li T1, Lu H1, Wei N2, Huang Y1, Shi R2, Ma X3, Wang X4, Sheng J5.(PubMed)
(4) Cytoprotective Polyphenols Against Chronological Skin Aging and Cutaneous Photodamage by
Davinelli S, et al. Curr Pharm Des. 2017(PMC)

Herbal therapy: Green Tea in Ameliorated Hair Loss and Promoted Hair Re-Growth

Green tea may have a therapeutic and positive effect in reduced hair loss and stimulated hair growth, some scientists suggested.

Green tea, a precious drink processes numbers of health benefit known to almost everyone in Asia and Western world. However, as yin in nature herbal medicine or food, long term injection of large amounts may obstruct the balance of yin-yang, induced "yin excessive syndrome" or "yang vacuity syndrome" including weaken immunity and painful case of GERD,... according to traditional Chinese medicine's Yin-Yang theory.

Hair loss can be temporary or permanent but in most cases it is a result of the levels of by-product prolactin of testosterone of men increases, stimulating the production of the enzyme 5-alpha reductase that causes the conversion of testosterone to gihydro-testosterones DHT, leading to hair grow-back thinner or not grow-back at all, particularly in people with androgenic alopecia hair loss problem.

According to statistic, approximately 40% of men have noticeable hair loss by age 35, 65% by age 60, and 80% by age 80.

Green tea, bioactive polyphenolic compounds in attenuated hair loss were found to associate to several mechanisms, involved certain aspects.

The examine of green tea epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a major constituent of polyphenol on human dermal papilla cells (DPCs) in the prevention or treatment of androgenetic alopecia showed that injection of the green tea extract express a strong effect in inhibition of 5alpha-reductase activity in conversion of testosterone to gihydro-testosterones DHT selectively in activated human dermal papilla cells (DPCs) in stimulated hair follicle growth.

Further analysis suggested that EGCG activity in enhanced growth of human dermal papilla cells (DPCs) was attributed to influence hair growth by dermal papilla cells proliferation through the activation of ERK pathways involved functions in regulation of cell cycle in division and Akt pathway in promoted cells survival and growth.

Additional observation also found that green tea extract also increased the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax which has been found to associate to lower dermal papilla cells apoptosis and stimulate hair follicle regrowth.

More interestingly, the evaluation of the effect of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in induced androgenic alopecia by shortening the hair follicle growth phase, resulting in hair loss in animal models, application of green tea epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) protected against dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in induction of mediated human dermal papilla cells (DPCs) death through cell cycle arrest, cell viability, the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and senescence by inhibiting expression of alternated mRNA in human dermal papilla cells (DPCs) induced by dihydrotestosterone (DHT) activity, thus increasing the regrowth of hair follicle, subsequently, in stimulated hair to grow-back.

Dr. Shin S, the lead author of the study said, "EGCG ameliorates the negative effects of DHT by altering the miRNA expression profile in human DPCs".

Houttuynia cordata Thunb (HC), a traditional herbal medicine widely used in Asia for the treatment of patients with alopecia containing green tea (GT) as a major ingredient, in 25 days experiment of six-week-old male C57BL/6 mice randomly divided into four groups (negative control, finasteride (1 mg/kg),a positive control, and two group fed with 200 and 400 mg/kg concentrations expressed a strong effect of area of hair regrowth 70.2 % and 83.5 % respectively, in compared to of 55.1 % negative control group. And increased diameter of hair follicles was 11.9 μm, 17.4 μm and 22.8 (±5.2) μm also found in negative control, herbal complex 200 and 400 mg/kg group, respectively.

Further more, the application of herbal formula at the doses indicated also increased expression of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 which has a direct implication on clinical improvement of hair growth and decreased expression of TGF-β1 alternated mRNA transcription activated by androgen in human dermal papilla cells (DPCs) to induce gradually hair loss.

Finally, on hair loss among rodents, 60 female Balb/black mice with hair loss on the head, neck and dorsal areas were assigned randomly assigned to group A fed with 50% fraction of polyphenol extract from dehydrated green tea in their drinking water for six months and Group B received regular drinking water, researchers after taking into account of other con founders, found that mice fed with green tea extract demonstrate a significant hair regrowth of 33% during six months of treatment in compared to no hair growth control.

Taken together, green tea with abundant bioactive polyphenols such as epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) may have a significantly clinical effect in promoted hair growth and ameliorated hair loss.
through many direct and indirect perspectives. Intake of green tea extract should be taken with special care as overdoses were found to induce acute liver toxicity in some reports.

For More information of yoga lessons tailor to a complete well being for women, please visit: YOGA BURN

Sources
(1) Human hair growth enhancement in vitro by green tea epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) by Kwon OS1, Han JH, Yoo HG, Chung JH, Cho KH, Eun HC, Kim KH.(PubMed)
(2) Epigallocatechin Gallate-Mediated Alteration of the MicroRNA Expression Profile in 5α-Dihydrotestosterone-Treated Human Dermal Papilla Cells by Shin S1, Kim K1, Lee MJ1, Lee J1, Choi S1, Kim KS1, Ko JM1, Han H1, Kim SY1, Youn HJ2, Ahn KJ2, An IS3, An S1, Cha HJ1(PubMed)
(3) The effects of tea polyphenolic compounds on hair loss among rodents by Esfandiari A1, Kelley P.(PubMed)
(4) An Asian traditional herbal complex containing Houttuynia cordata Thunb, Perilla frutescens Var. acuta and green tea stimulates hair growth in mice by Chung MS1, Bae WJ2,3, Choi SW3, Lee KW3, Jeong HC3, Bashraheel F3, Jeon SH3, Jung JW1, Yoon BI1, Kwon EB2,4, Oh HA4, Hwang SY4, Kim SW5,6.(PubMed)

Friday, 29 December 2017

Food Therapy: Eggplant in Attenuated Risk and Treatment of Colon Cancer

Kyle J. Norton

Eggplant may have a potential and substantial effect in reduced risk and treatment of colon cancer, some scientists suggested.

Eggplant is a species of S. melongena with deeply purple color, belongings to the family Solanaceae and native to India, cultivated in southern and eastern Asia since prehistory.

Conon cancer is medical condition characterized by irregular cell growth in the issues of colon At the later stage, the cancerous cell may invade other healthy tissues and organs a distance away drom the original site.

According to statistic, approximately 4.3 percent of men and women will be diagnosed with colorectal cancer at some points during their lifetime.

In human colon (HT29), observed microculture tetrazolium (MTT) assay, application of several chemical constituents isolated from eggplant, including glycoalkaloids solamargine and solasonine and their common aglycon solasodine; and the nonsteroidal alkaloid jervine, demonstrated a overwhelming effect in inhibited colon cancer cell proliferation, particularly in the compound glycoalkaloids in compared to others in dose-dependent manner.

Further analysis also suggested that the nitrogen-containing secondary plant metabolites glycoalkaloids anti colon cancer cells expression was attributed to its derivative α-solamargine and α-solasonine activities in inhibited the growth of the cells in culture (in vitro) and tumor growth in vivo.

Additionally, in HT-29 and HCT-116 cell lines, anthocyanins isolated from eggplant displayed a substantial antioxidant effect in inhibited reactive oxygen species(ROS) expression in induction of healthy cellular DNA damage through increased production of inflammatory cytokines.

In compared to anthocyanins, administration of nasunin with glycosylation on C3 and C5 and an acyl group (p-coumaric acid) derivatives demonstrated the least effect on ROS reduction but exhibited ROS over expression in induction of cytotoxicity in colon cell lines, thus ameliorating tumor proliferation and site expansion.

Further differentiation, also indicated that nasunin and its deacylated derivatives protected healthy cells from DNA damage in a dose-dependent manner, although with lesser anti ROS properties.

Dr. Pu Jing, the lead author said, "anthocyanins isolated from Chinese eggplant var. Niu Jiao Qie and other delphinidin have antioxidant activities in colon cancer cells and also protect cells from DNA damage".

In deed, in the evaluation of anthocyanins chemopreventive properties in 25 colon cancer patients confirmed that application, containing 0.5-2.0 grams anthocyanins showed a strong effect in increased anthocyanin concentrations in plasma and urine, reaching approximately 179 ng/gram in tumor tissue at the highest dose, that indicated the phytochemical anthocyanins and their degradation products have reached the colon intact.

Examined tumor tissue from all patients also found that the rate of cancer cells proliferation was also decreased by 7% in compared to pre-intervention value and application in dose dependent also inhibited the expression of insulin-like growth factor 1 concentrations in stimulates growth in cancer cells throughout the colon tumor site.

Dr. Thomasset S, the lead auhtor in the study of "Intact anthocyanins and metabolites in rat urine and plasma after 3 months of anthocyanin supplementation" said, "Studies of doses containing <0.5 gram of bilberry anthocyanins are necessary to adjudge whether they may be appropriate for development as colorectal cancer chemopreventive agents".

The finding information suggested that eggplant with abundant of anthocyanin, glycoalkaloids and other phytochemicals may have a chemo potential in reduced risk and treatment of colon cancer. Intake of eggplant extract should be taken with substantial care to prevent toxicity.

For More information of yoga lessons tailor to a complete well being for women, please visit: YOGA BURN

Sources
(1) Glycoalkaloids and metabolites inhibit the growth of human colon (HT29) and liver (HepG2) cancer cells by Lee KR1, Kozukue N, Han JS, Park JH, Chang EY, Baek EJ, Chang JS, Friedman M.(PubMed)
(1) Effect of glycosylation patterns of Chinese eggplant anthocyanins and other derivatives on antioxidant effectiveness in human colon cell lines by Jing P1, Qian B2, Zhao S2, Qi X3, Ye L2, Mónica Giusti M4, Wang X5.(PubMed)
(3) Chemistry and anticarcinogenic mechanisms of glycoalkaloids produced by eggplants, potatoes, and tomatoes by Friedman M1(PubMed)
(4) Pilot study of oral anthocyanins for colorectal cancer chemoprevention by Thomasset S1, Berry DP, Cai H, West K, Marczylo TH, Marsden D, Brown K, Dennison A, Garcea G, Miller A, Hemingway D, Steward WP, Gescher AJ.(PubMed)

Alternative Therapy: Yoga In Improved Psychological and Physical Aspects in Cancer Patients and Survivors

Kyle J. Norton

Yoga therapy may be used as secondary therapy and integrated form of exercise to improve physical and emotional well-being.of cancer patients and survivors, a US university study suggested.

Cancers are the class of disease characterized by cell growth disorderly and uncontrollably in the body.

Yoga, the ancient practical technique for harmonized external and internal body well-being, through breath control, meditation, bodily movement and gesture..... has been best known for people in Western world and some parts in Asia due to health benefits reported by various respectable institutes' research and supported by health advocates.

In the review literature of general introduction to yoga and detailed of yoga research in cancer, 9 selected studies satisfied the criteria indicated that yoga therapy yielded modest improvements in sleep quality, mood, stress, cancer-related distress, cancer-related symptoms, and overall quality of life in cancer patients and survivors.

Furthermore, the study also addressed that the analysis of the selected studies also expressed the efficacy of yoga in support for the feasibility cancer patients.

In deed, yoga practice with breathing and meditation was found to express a significant effect in induction of relaxation and calmness of central nervous system, thus reducing psychological symptoms caused by chronic stress by bring back the presence while dealing them in a positive way.

Additionally, long term yoga participated also found to restore the hormone imbalance caused by central nervous system in stimulated over production of certain hormones involved stress expression.

More interestingly, the study of 8 pediatric cancer out-patients (4 male; 4 female; Mage = 11.88, SD = 4.26) participated in the 12-week intervention consisting of supervised yoga sessions 2 times/week to determine the feasibility and benefits of a 12-week community-based yoga intervention on health-related quality of life (HRQL), select physical fitness outcomes and PA levels (PAL) with participants (patients and parent proxies) completed measures assessing HRQL, physical fitness and PAL at baseline and post-intervention, suggested that 12 weeks of yoga program displayed significant improvements in patients' parent reported HRQL, including, functional mobility, hamstring flexibility and total PA level (P = 0.02) in compared to pre intervention.

The improvements of physical fitness was attributed to yoga postures in enhanced stretching of muscle strength as well as promoted blood circulation.

Interestingly, the 12 weeks lesson also enhanced physical fitness in pediatric cancer out-patients as well as improving sedentary behavior as yoga program was found to utilize as a ‘stepping-stone’ toward regularly physical activity and the associated co-morbidities through balancing the expression of hyper-arousal or hypo-arousal of the nervous system in reaction to stress.

Dr. Wurz A, the led authors said, "Increasing rates of survival present a new set of psycho social and physical challenges for children undergoing treatment for cancer. Physical activity (PA) has been shown to be a safe and effective strategy to mitigate the significant burden of cancer and its treatments, with yoga increasingly gaining recognition as a gentle alternative".

Amazingly, according to the study of the effect of therapeutic yoga on child and parental reports of quality of life in children hospitalized with oncological diagnoses conducted a study of Six children participated in 5 yoga sessions over 2 months with The PedsQL 4.0 administered to each child and participating parent/caregivers at baseline, showed that physically, yoga therapy displayed a statistically significant differences in child perception of gross motor function through developing balance and flexibility in controlled body's movements.

Taking altogether, yoga may be used as secondarily therapeutic practicing in combined with standard treatment for improvement of psychological and physical aspects in cancer patients and survivors.

For More information of yoga lessons tailor to a complete well being for women, please visit: YOGA BURN

Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca

Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrients, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Yoga for cancer patients and survivors by Bower JE1, Woolery A, Sternlieb B, Garet D.(PubMed)
(1) The feasibility and benefits of a 12-week yoga intervention for pediatric cancerout-patients by Wurz A1, Chamorro-Vina C, Guilcher GM, Schulte F, Culos-Reed SN.(PubMed)
(2) Feasibility study: the effect of therapeutic yoga on quality of life in children hospitalized with cancer by Geyer R1, Lyons A, Amazeen L, Alishio L, Cooks L.(PubMed)

Thursday, 28 December 2017

Lentils Antioxidants in Reduced ROS Over Expression in Induction of Acute and Chronic Inflammatory Diseases

Kyle J. Norton

Lentils may have a potential effect in inhibited free radicals expression in reduced risk and treatment of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases, some researcher opinionated.
Lentil is a type of pulse and tiny legumes that can be cooked quickly and rich in protein and fiber, is a bushy annual plant of genus Lens to the Fabaceae family, native to Middle East.

Antioxidants are types of chemical compound inhibited the expression of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species to protect the body against oxidative damage.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are key signaling molecules played an important role in generation by polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) to induce progression of inflammatory disorders and cytotoxicity in tumor cells. Over expression of ROS and decreased antioxidant persistence also may cause endothelial dysfunction and tissue injury in the inflammatory sites.

According to the investigation of lentil (Morton) extract protective effect on cardiac hypertrophy, one of the most significant sequelae of cardiovascular diseases suggested that high phenolic compounds (43.4 mg of GAE/g), including thirteen phenolic acid and two flavonoids found in the acetone/water/acetic acid lentil extract express a significant effect in attenuated Ang II-induced rat in elevated contraction of blood vessels to cause hypertension and human cardiomyocytes hypertrophy, the loss of contractile mass from prior infarction through activated antioxidant activities in decreased intracellular ROS levels.

ROS elevation and in decreased levels of antioxidant have shown to increase oxidative stress in stimulated lipid peroxidation in induction of endothelial cells damage and promoted lipid accumulated in the inner wall of arteries, through their effects on inflammation, disturbed blood flow and arterial wall remodeling.

Lentils antioxidant properties in the experiment of measurement of injection effects of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) in reduced antioxidant power in oxygen radical absorbing capacity, in vitro containing different groups of phenolic compounds also exerted the ability to inhibit the formation of reactive oxygen species, superoxide anion through chelating metal ions or inhibiting ROS -related enzyme expressions.

Further more, the analysis of free redical scavegening activities of methanolic extracts of the seed coat and the cotyledon of two varieties of lentils (Lens culinaris L.) and two varieties of dark peas (Pisum sativum L.), suggested that the deed coat of lentils scored a huge antioxidant capacities
in compared to the cotyledon in lentils and peas through the significantly higher levels of phenolic compounds with flavonoid structure.

More interestingly, the evaluation of phenolic extracts from 20 Canadian lentil cultivars (Lens culinaris) for total phenolic contents and composition, antioxidant activities (DPPH, FRAP, ORAC), and inhibitory properties against α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase suggested that phenolic compounds identified including the majority being flavonoids, kaempeferol glycosides, catechin/epicatechin glucosides and procyanidins not only demonstrate significantly antioxidant activities, but also express a strong inhibition of of α-glucosidase and lipase activities associated with glucose and lipid metabolism in the intestine.

Dr. Florinda Fratiannia, in the study of phenolic contents and antioxidant activities of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus), lentil (Lens culinaris), and chickpea (Cicer arietinum) cultivars from the Campania region of Southern Italy, postulated, "Lentils (cv Colliano and San Gerardo) demonstrated the highest antioxidant activity, (EC50 not higher than 2.3 mg/g), confirming that lentils are an excellent antioxidant food" and " these legumes can be considered therapeutic functional foods due to their significant content of functional proteins and carbohydrates and their extraordinary reserve of secondary metabolites and bioactive constituents that are beneficial for managing and preventing several chronic illnesses in humans".

People who are susceptible or at higher risk of infection may want to add some portions of lentils into

their diet to ameliorated ROS precipitation of inflammation.

The information findings suggested that lentils with huge numbers of phytochemicals may be considered as a function food in stimulated antioxidant expression through immune system in fighting against foreign invasion and prevented ROS over production in induction of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases.

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Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca

Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton, Master of Nutrients
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Assessment of in vitro antioxidant capacity of the seed coat and the cotyledon of legumes in relation to their phenolic content by M.DueñasT.HernándezI.Estrella(Science direct)
(2) Polyphenol composition and antioxidant activity of different grass pea (Lathyrus sativus), lentils (Lens culinaris), and chickpea (Cicer arietinum) ecotypes of the Campania region (Southern Italy)
Florinda Fratiannia, Federica Cardinalea, Autilia Cozzolinoa, Tiziana Granesea, Donatella Albaneseb, Marisa Di Matteob, Massimo Zaccardellic, Raffaele Coppolaa, Filomena Nazzaroa(Science direct)(3) Phenolic profiles of 20 Canadian lentil cultivars and their contribution to antioxidant activity and inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase by Zhang B1, Deng Z2, Ramdath DD3, Tang Y4, Chen PX5, Liu R3, Liu Q3, Tsao R6.(PubMed)
(4) Review Polyphenol-Rich Lentils and Their Health Promoting Effects Kumar Ganesan ID and Baojun Xu (The International journal of molecular sciences)
(5) Morton lentil extract attenuated angiotensin II-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy via inhibition of intracellular reactive oxygen species levels in vitro by Yao FR1, Sun CW, Chang SK.(PubMed)

Food Therapy: Lentils (Legumes) Intake in Improvement of Diet Quality

Kyle J. Norton

Intake of lentils frequently and daily may have a substantial and positive effect in improved diet quality, recent recommendation and guidance suggested.

Lentil, a type of pulse or tiny legumes that can be cooked quickly and rich in protein and fiber is a bushy annual plant of genus Lens to the Fabaceae family, native to Middle East.

The differentiation of lentils in improvement of diet quality may be observed through several different aspects and implications.

According to the review of published medical literature online of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library for relevant controlled trials of >or=7 days, dietary non-oil-seed pulses (chickpeas, beans, peas, lentils, etc.) are a good source of slowly digestible carbohydrate, fibre and vegetable protein and a valuable means of lowering the glycaemic-index (GI) of the diet.

Further examination of the selected trials and studies satisfied the criteria and guideline of 41 trials (39 reports), found that studies using pulses alone (11 trials demonstrated a significant effect in reduced fasting blood glucose (FBG) and improved insulin levels, in compared to pulses in low-GI diets (19 trials) in lowered glycosylated blood proteins (GP), expressed blood glucose to the red blood cells, observed by HbA(1c) in measurement of three-month average plasma glucose concentration or fructosamine, in measurement of glucose levels over the previous 2-3 week and pulses in high-fibre diets (11 trials) lowered FBG and GP.

Observation of the outcomes of the trials and studies obtained indicated a significant effect of pulses in high-fibre diets in reduced risk of over expression of glucose levels in the tested subjects in compared to other 2 groups.

After taking into account of other con founders such as high inter-study quality and unexplained outcomes, Dr. Mitchell DC, the lead author said, "Pooled analyses demonstrated that pulses, alone or in low-GI or high-fibre diets, improve markers of longer term glycaemic control in humans, with the extent of the improvements subject to significant inter-study heterogeneity".

According to the recommendation of The US Department of Agriculture's (New) MyPyramid guidelines, in doubling dietary intake for vegetables, particularly, in subgroups of vegetables, including dry beans, peas and lentils.

Even through, dry beans, peas and lentils were found to contain a rich source of nutrients and phytochemicals that have been shown to have beneficial health effects by numbers of respectable institutes and recommended by health advocates, but consumption levels in the United States are quite low.

The review from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Study (NHANES) found that only 0.9% of adolescents, 2.2% of adult men, and 3.5% of adult women met their dietary guidelines for both fruits and vegetables in compared to the EU-28, with average a third (34.4 %) of the population aged 15 or over did not consume any fruit or vegetables in a day; half (51.4 %) the population ate daily from 1 to 4 portions of fruit and vegetables, while the residual 14.1 % consumed more than 5 portions a day.

In the study to assess nutrient and food group intakes of dry bean and pea consumers compared to non consumers using data of dietary intake from the 1999-2002 of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for adults aged > or =19 years, researchers surprisingly found that only 7.9% of adults are consuming dry beans and peas everyday. Dry beans or peas intake showed a significant biber, protein, folate, zinc, iron, and magnesium levels and lowering saturated fat and total fat consumption.

Most Mexican Americans or other Hispanics are more likely to be consumers than non consumers.

After in depth differentiation of the data, Dr.Mitchell DC, the lead scientist said, "These data support the specific recommendation for dry beans and peas as part of the overall vegetable recommendation" and "Increased consumption of dry beans and peas-economical and nutrient-rich foods-could improve the diet quality of Americans".

Taken together, there is no doubt that lentil and other dry beans and peas diet may have a substantial effect in improved diet quality to population in all nations.

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Kyle J. Norton, Master of Nutrients
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Lentil is a type of pulse. It is a bushy annual plant of genus Lens the Fabaceaefamily, native to Middle East. It is also tiny legumes that can be cooked quickly and rich in protein and fiber.

Source
(1) Effect of non-oil-seed pulses on glycaemic control: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled experimental trials in people with and without diabetes by Sievenpiper JL1, Kendall CW, Esfahani A, Wong JM, Carleton AJ, Jiang HY, Bazinet RP, Vidgen E, Jenkins DJ.(PubMed)
(2) Consumption of dry beans, peas, and lentils could improve diet quality in the US population by Mitchell DC1, Lawrence FR, Hartman TJ, Curran JM.(PubMed)
(3) Increasing Fruit and Vegetable Consumption: Challenges and Opportunities by Sandeep Sachdeva, Tilak R Sachdev, and Ruchi Sachdeva(PMC)
(4) The fruit and vegetable sector in the EU - a statistical overview, Data extracted in July and August 2016. Most recent data: Further Eurostat information, Main tables and Database.