Wednesday, 8 January 2014

Phytochemical Allicin and anti bacterial activity

 Phytochemicals, the natural chemical constituent, protect the plants against diseases and form their outer's color. Phytochemicals may be next potential sources of new medicine for treatment of diseases with little or no side effects.
Allicin is phytochemical containing sulfur in the class of organosulfur compound, found abundantly in onion and garlic.
The immune system is the set of cells and their activity against antigens or infectious agents that comprises of the body's defense system against diseases. The immune system does a great job of keeping people healthy and preventing infections. Beside foods and nutritional supplements, herbs also play a important role in helping the immune system defend against viruses and bacteria attacks.

The Benefits
Garlic has been used as foods and medicine throughout human history. Allicin, major constituent of garlic in the test for the antimicrobial activity on oral pathogens associated with dental caries and periodontitis, showed an effectiveness against all types of bacteria, including Streptococcus mutans, S. sobrinus, and Actinomyces oris. Other in the study of Streptolysin O (SLO), a potent cytolytic toxin produced by almost all strains of group A streptococci, found that  allicin likely inhibits the SLO by binding to the cysteine residue in the binding site and suggested that allicin and allicin may be a potential alternative drug against streptococcal diseases.



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References
(1) Garlic allicin as a potential agent for controlling oral pathogens by Bachrach G, Jamil A, Naor R, Tal G, Ludmer Z, Steinberg D.(PubMed)
(2) Inhibition of streptolysin O by allicin - an active component of garlic by Arzanlou M, Bohlooli S.(PubMed)

Phytochemical Allyl isothiocyanate and Brain Cancer

  Phytochemicals, the natural chemical constituent, protect the plants against diseases and form their outer's color. Phytochemicals may be next potential sources of new medicine for treatment of diseases with little or no side effects.
Allyl isothiocyanate is phytochemical containing sulfur in the class of organosulfur compound, found abundantly in horseradish, mustard, wasabi, etc.

Brain and spinal cord make up the nervous system. Brain and Spinal Cord tumors originating is not very common. Most primary tumors are caused by abnormal cells growth that surround and support neurons, with a small number may be caused by gene defect from exposure to radiation or toxic chemicals. Benign tumors are noncancerous, and malignant tumors are cancerous. More than 190.000 people in US are diagnosed with a brain tumor each year alone.

Allyl isothiocyanate  and Brain Cancer

Allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) found in various cruciferous vegetables, beside has shown the inhibition  of leukemia HL-60, bladder cancer UM-UC-3 and colon cancer HT-29 cells in vitro, it also significantly decreased proliferation and viability of human brain malignant glioma GBM 8401 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) may be another potential source of anti-human brain malignant glioma drug. Other study insisted that intake of Allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) may reduce the risk of cancer but  AITC at high-dose levels also exhibit a low degree of cytotoxicity and genotoxicity, but unlikely in humans exposed to dietary levels of AITC.

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References
(1) Allyl isothiocyanate triggers G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis in human brain malignant glioma GBM 8401 cells through a mitochondria-dependent pathway by Chen NG, Chen KT, Lu CC, Lan YH, Lai CH, Chung YT, Yang JS, Lin YC.(PubMed)
(2) Allyl isothiocyanate as a cancer chemopreventive phytochemical by Zhang Y.(PubMed)

Herbal Arctostaphylos uva-ursi and Bladder cancer

Arctostaphylos uva-ursi is one of the species of Bearberry, in the genus Arctostaphylos, belonging to the family Ericaceae, native to the northern North America, Asia and Europe. The herb has been used in traditional medicine as diuretic agent and to treat urinary problems, including bladder infections, kidney infection, kidney stone, pelvic pain, etc.
Bladder cancer is most common type of cancer that effect men twice as frequently as it effects women. Usually it starts from the lining the bladder caused by several types of malignant growths of the urinary bladder cells.


The Ingredients
It contains arbutin, ursolic acid, tannic acid, gallic acid, some essential oil and resin, hydroquinones tannins,  phenolic glycosides and flavonoids.

The benefits
The search for alternative medicine for treatment of cancers has been growing worldwide, and herbs used in folk medicine may be a potential sources as it induced little or no side effects. Arbutin, a glycosylated hydroquinone extracted from the bearberry plant (Arctostaphylos species), is found significantly decreased TCCSUP human bladder cell proliferation in a concentration- and time-dependent manner by  increased the expression of p21WAF1/CIP1 (p21), which  involved in cell cycle regulation.

The Side effect
1. Overdoses may cause gastrointestinal discomfort, including cause nausea, vomiting, etc. and fever, chills, severe back pain, ringing in the ears, etc.
2. The herb may interact with other medicine, including diuretic
3. Do not use the herb in new born, children or if you are pregnant or breast feeding without approval from the related field specialist.
4. Etc.

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References
(1) Arbutin inhibits TCCSUP human bladder cancer cell proliferation via up-regulation of p21  By Li H, Jeong YM, Kim SY, Kim MK, Kim DS.(PubMed)

Herbal Arnica and Alleviated pain

Arnica is a herbaceous species, genus perennial, belonging to the family Asteraceae, antive to Europe and Asia. It has been used in herbal medicine for centuries to treat strains, sprains, and bruises.
Colon Cancer is defined as a condition of the abnormal proliferation of cells in the colon.
Pain is a feeling triggered in the nervous system as a result of often caused by intense or damaging stimuli.

The ingredients
Beside containing contain helenalin as it main ingredient used as anti-inflammatory agent in herbal medicine, it also contains 11,13- dihydrohelenaline, chamissonolid, Sesquiterpene lactone, lignans of the furofuran, dibenzylbutyrolactone, dibenzylbutyrolactol types, pinoresinol, epipinoresinol, phillygenin, matairesinol, nortrachelogenin, and nortracheloside, six dibenzylbutyrolactol derivative.

The Benefits
Arnica has been used in folk medicine as a treatment for bruising and swelling. Arnica administration of the herb is significant reduction in pain experienced after 2 weeks in the Arnica-treated group. Other in the study to determine if topical Arnica is effective in reducing pain, showed although its application of topical Arnica did not affect any performance assessments or markers of muscle damage or inflammation, however it demonstrates the possibility of providing pain relief three days post-eccentric exercise and Pain scores on legs treated with arnica were also higher than scores on those receiving placebo 24 hours after exercise.
 
C. Side effects
1. Arnica can increase leg pain in a short term
2. Allergy
Arnica used as Cosmetics and herbal remedies with Compositae plant extracts may cause allergic effect in Compositae-allergic patients.
3. Atopic dermatitis
Patient with atopic dermatitis should use Arnica with care as the herb may increase the risk of a risk factor for Compositae allergy.
4. Toxicity
Arnica is toxic as it contains measurable amount of helenalin.
5. Etc.

Chinese Secrets To Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal
Use The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve 
Optimal Health And Loose Weight

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
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Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

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References
1. The effect of topical arnica on muscle pain" by Adkison JD, Bauer DW, Chang T.(PubMed).
2. Cosmetics and herbal remedies with Compositae plant extracts - are they tolerated by Compositae-allergic patients?" by Paulsen E, Chistensen LP, Andersen KE.(PubMed)
(3) Contact allergy to Compositae plants in patients with atopic dermatitis. [Article in English, Serbian]" by Jovanović M, Poljacki M, Duran V, Vujanović L, Sente R, Stojanović S.,(PubMed)

(4) Use of Arnica to relieve pain after carpal-tunnel release surgery by Jeffrey SL, Belcher HJ.(PubMed)
(5) The effects of topical Arnica on performance, pain and muscle damage after intense eccentric exercise by Pumpa KL, Fallon KE, Bensoussan A, Papalia S.(PubMed)
(6) The effect of topical arnica on muscle pain by Adkison JD, Bauer DW, Chang T.(PubMed)

Herbal Anise and Tongue squamous carcinoma

Anise is a flowering plant ofthe species of Pimpinella anisum, genus Pimpinella, belonging to the family Apiaceae native to to Egypt and the Mediterranean region. The popular herb has been used in traditional herbal medicine as fragrance in soaps, oils, and mouth fresheners and stomachic, anti-septic, anti-spasmodic, carminative, digestive, expectorant, stimulant and tonic agent to treat head-lice and mites, increase blood pressure, prevent formation of gas in the gastrointestinal tract and menstrual cramps, etc.
Tongue cancers is defined as an abnormal cell growth in the tongue.

Ingredients
Beside the main ingredient Anethole, it also contains, D-pinene, I-phellandrene, Alpha-terpineol, Safrol, Methyl chavicol, Resin, Shikimic acid, etc.

The benefits
Safrole, a chemical component found in anise, induced apoptosis in human tongue squamous carcinoma SCC-4 cells and the The induction of apoptosis is involved in mitochondria- and caspase-dependent signal pathways. Aloe-emodin one of anthraquinones, found in aniseed, has been shown to have anticancer activity in different kinds of human cancer cell lines. In tough cancers, it induced apoptosis in the SCC-4 cells through the Fas/death-receptor, mitochondria and caspase cascade and may be considered as a potent agent in treating the disease.

The Side Effects
1. If you have high blood pressure or pregnant please consult with your doctor or related field specialist before applying.
2. Star Anise is toxic.
3. Skin Irritation
4. Allergic reaction such as mouth and lip inflammation.
5. Etc.

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Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

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 References
(1) "[Apparent life-threatening event in infants: think about star anise intoxication!].[Article in French] by Perret C, Tabin R, Marcoz JP, Llor J, Cheseaux JJ.,  (PubMed)

(2) Safrole induces cell death in human tongue squamous cancer SCC-4 cells through mitochondria-dependent caspase activation cascade apoptotic signaling pathways by Yu FS, Huang AC, Yang JS, Yu CS, Lu CC, Chiang JH, Chiu CF, Chung JG. (PubMed)
(3) Aloe-emodin induces cell death through S-phase arrest and caspase-dependent pathways in human tongue squamous cancer SCC-4 cells by Chiu TH, Lai WW, Hsia TC, Yang JS, Lai TY, Wu PP, Ma CY, Yeh CC, Ho CC, Lu HF, Wood WG, Chung JG.(PubMed)

Herbal Andrographis and malaria

Andrographis paniculata is also known as Andrographis is a herbaceous plant, genus Andrographis, belonging to the family Acanthaceae, native to India and Sri Lanka. It has been used in traditional Siddha and Ayurvedic in treating the common cold, flu, upper respiratory infections, infectious diseases, diarrhea, dysentery, cholera, pneumonia, swollen lymph nodes, leprosy, bronchitis, sore throats, tuberculosis, chicken pox, etc.
Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease caused by parasitic protozoans.

The Ingredients
Beside the main ingredient andrographolides, giving the plant a bitter taste, other ingredients includediterpene lactones, such as: neoandrographolide, andrographiside, 14-doexy-11, 12-didehydro andrographolide, etc., flavonoinds viz., oroxylin, wogonin, andrographidines A, B, C, D, E, F.

The benefits
The crude extract of E. alba and A. paniculata was an excellent potential for controlling An. stephensi mosquitoes which caused malaria by exerting its mosquito adulticidal and repellent activities. In the study to compare the anti-malarial effect among sambiloto extract, chloroquine and artemisinin-only as well as those of their combination showed that the extract of sambiloto in a single dose or in a combination evidently has the effect of anti-falciparum malaria. Other study of the extract of Andrographis paniculata (AP) and Hedyotis corymbosa (HC) showed that a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of AP (7.2 microg/ml) was found better than HC (10.8 microg/ml). Combination of these two herbal drugs showed substantial enhancement in their anti-malarial activity.


The Side effects
1. Antifertility
Dry leaf powder of A. paniculata increases the risk accumulating of glycogen and cholesterol in the testis, and increased activities of lactate dehydrogenase in testis and alkaline phosphatase in testis and ventral prostate, thus reducing the risk of fertility.
 2. People with gallbladder disease may want to consult with their doctor before using because of the herb stimulating gallbladder contraction effect.

Chinese Secrets To Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal
Use The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve 
Optimal Health And Loose Weight

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

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References 
(1) Antifertility effect of Andrographis paniculata (Nees) in male albino rat" by Akbarsha MA, Manivannan B, Hamid KS, Vijayan B., posted in (PubMed) (2) Comparative study of antimalarial effect of sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) extract, chloroquine and artemisinin and their combination against plasmodium falciparum in-vitro by Zein U, Fitri LE, Saragih A.(PubMed)
(3) Anti-malarial activities of Andrographis paniculata and Hedyotis corymbosa extracts and their combination with curcumin by Mishra K, Dash AP, Swain BK, Dey N.(PubMed)
(4) Mosquito adulticidal and repellent activities of botanical extracts against malarial vector, Anopheles stephensi Liston (Diptera: Culicidae) by Govindarajan M, Sivakumar R.(PubMed)

Herbal Aloe Vera and Immunity

Aloe Vera is species of succulent plant in the genus Aloe, belonging to the Family Xanthorrhoeaceae, native to Sudan. It has become very popular for commercial cultivation due to its health benefits. Aloe vera has been used in herbal medicine in treating many kinds of disease, including wound, burn healing, minor skin infections, sebaceous cysts, diabetes, and elevated of cholesterol, etc. It is also one of many popular herb studied in scientific ways with some conflicted results.
The immune system is the set of cells and their activity against antigens or infectious agents that comprises of the body's defense system against diseases. The immune system does a great job of keeping people healthy and preventing infections. Beside foods and nutritional supplements, herbs also play a important role in helping the immune system defend against viruses and bacteria attacks.

The Ingredients 
The ten main areas of chemical constituents of Aloe vera include: amino acids, anthraquinones, enzymes, minerals, vitamins, lignins, monosaccharide, polysaccharides, salicylic acid, saponins, and sterols.
They all work together in a synergistic way to create healing and health giving benefits, according to Gertrude Baldwin in the article of THE BENEFITS OF THE USE OF ALOE VERA IN HERBAL PREPARATIONS.

The benefits
Aloe Vera is best known for it anti-inflammatory effects, in the study to determine the effect of the inner gel on bacterial-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine production, Aloe vera suppresses bacterial-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines from human immune cells. In the pharmacological study of Aloe arborescens Miller leaf components, The Aloe extract (1.2 mg ml(-1)) acted as a powerful immune stimulant in LPS- or poly I:C-activated SAF-1 cells, inducing a synergic effect on interconnected genes that are expected to be involved in different aspects of the immune responses. Aloe polymannose, a chemical compound found in Aloe Vera, also enhances the cognitive and immune functioning in patients of Alzheimer's disease by decreasing tumor necrosis factor-α, vascular endothelial growth factor, and interleukins-2 and-4

The Side effects
1. Hepatitis
Some researchers concerned that the over use of oral aloe vera may contribute to acute hepatitis, according to the study of "Oral aloe vera-induced hepatitis" by Bottenberg MM, Wall GC, Harvey RL, Habib S., posted in PubMed
2. Diarrhea, caused by the laxative effect of oral use of Aloe Vera
3. oral use of Aloe Vera may cause abdominal cramps and pain
4. It may cause of rheumatoid arthritis symptoms as a result of collagen in the plant
5. Etc.

Chinese Secrets To Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal
Use The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve 
Optimal Health And Loose Weight

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Herbal Therapy http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/herbal-therapies.html  
References
(1) Aloe barbadensis Mill. formulation restores lipid profile to normal in a letrozole-induced polycystic ovarian syndrome rat Model (PubMed)
(2)   ALOE VERA by Gertrude Baldwin, http://www.herballegacy.com/Baldwin_Chemical.html
(3) The inner gel component of Aloe vera suppresses bacterial-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines from human immune cells. by Habeeb F, Stables G, Bradbury F, Nong S, Cameron P, Plevin R, Ferro VA.(PubMed)
(4) Immune modulatory effects of Aloe arborescens extract on the piscine SAF-1 cell line. by Picchietti S, Bernini C, Belardinelli MC, Ovidi E, Taddei AR, Guerra L, Abelli L, Fausto AM.(PubMed)
(5) The effect of an aloe polymannose multinutrient complex on cognitive and immune functioning in Alzheimer's disease. by Lewis JE, McDaniel HR, Agronin ME, Loewenstein DA, Riveros J, Mestre R, Martinez M, Colina N, Abreu D, Konefal J, Woolger JM, Ali KH.(PubMed)
(7) Oral aloe vera-induced hepatitis(PubMed)
(8) Oral type II collagen in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. A six-month double blind placebo-controlled study(PubMed)