Carrots may have a profound and positive effect on reduced risk, progression, and treatment of inflammatory-related diseases, some scientists suggested.
The results of the studies were conducted by a number of best institutes including the National Institute of Nutrition, Jamai Osmania, and published in online medical literature.
Inflammation is a natural response of the immune system to protect our body against foreign induction of infection to the site of injury or damage.
However, overexpression of proinflammatory cytokines is also associated to induce local cell death and the formation of local scars.
Carrot, a root vegetable with orange color is a subspecies of Daucus carota, belongings to the family Apiaceae, native to Asia and Europe.
In the investigation of the function of adipose tissue in the induction of various metabolic diseases including insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) involved initiation of inflammatory development, researchers at the National Institute of Nutrition, Jamai Osmania launched a study to examine the effect of carrot intake and inflammatory status in male weanling Wistar rats.
The tested group of rats were divided into four groups and fed either a control or high fructose diet of AIN-93G composition with or without carrot juice ingestion for an 8-week period.
AIN-93G was the formulation published by the American Institute of Nutrition (AIN) committee in 1993 improving the laboratory standard, with an aim to accommodate the increased nutritional demands of rat or mouse growth.
At the end of the experiment, researchers indicated that
* Carrot juice displays an insignificant effect in adiposity and cell size of the visceral fat depot as well as the retroperitoneal white adipose tissue (RPWAT).
The role of white adipose tissue (WAT) is to store excess fat for future use as sources of energy.
* In a high fructose diet, the application of carrot juice exerts a strong activity in inhibited elevation of plasma free fatty acid (FFA), macrophage chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP1) (P ≤ 0.01), and high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (P ≤ 0.05) levels.
Macrophages chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1/CCL2) is a chemokine with function in regulated migration and infiltration of macrophages, the mobile white blood cells.
Levels of highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) are associated with the inflammation of blood vessel walls.
Further analysis suggested that carrot juice decreased overexpression of free cholesterol and immune response through its antioxidant in inhibited the elevation of ROS in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
In other words, carrot juice activated the production of anti-inflammatory factors in reduced overexpression of inflammatory cytokines in facilitated onset and progression of inflammatory-related diseases, including insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
Moreover, in the additional differentiation of the effect of root vegetables in Immune-inflammatory signaling and metabolic effects, researchers at the joint study led by Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada conducted a study to assess the bioaccessibility and bioavailability of purple carrot and potato-derived anthocyanins and the molecular mechanisms to ameliorate cellular inflammation in mono- and co-culture cell models.
In vitro gastrointestinal model, the application of bioaccessibility of 44.62 and 71.8% for anthocyanins of purple carrot and potato demonstrated strong activity in the inhibition of cellular inflammation in Caco-2 cells.
According to the assay, the effectiveness of anthocyanins injection was found to transport across a transmembrane cell model.
The inhibition of anthocyanins during the transportation also reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory factors of IL-8 and TNF-α secretion, and expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines by blocking NF-κB, and MAPK, the pro-inflammatory proteins in mediated inflammatory cellular signaling cascades.
Interleukin 8 is a chemokine produced by macrophages and other cell types in initiated production of inflammatory expression.
Tumor necrosis factor is a cell-signaling protein (cytokine) involved in systemic inflammation in acute phase infection of tissue injury and damage.
Dr. Zhang H, the lead scientist after taking into account other co and confounders said, "Anthocyanins from purple carrots and potatoes possess a promising anti-inflammatory effect in the model gut system" and "They (Anthocyanins) can be absorbed and act differently but are in general beneficial for inflammation-mediated diseases".
Taken together, carrot juice containing a high amount of anthocyanins may be considered as a functional food that prevented the onset of inflammatory-related diseases.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrients, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB Daily, etc.,.
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Some articles have been referenced in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Bioaccessibility, bioavailability, and anti-inflammatory effects of anthocyanins from purple root vegetables using mono- and co-culture cell models by Zhang H1, Hassan YI1, Renaud J2, Liu R1, Yang C1, Sun Y1, Tsao R(PubMed)
(2) Carrot juice ingestion attenuates high fructose-induced circulatory pro-inflammatory mediators in weanling Wistar rats by Mahesh M1, Bharathi M1, Raja Gopal Reddy M1, Pappu P1, Putcha UK2, Vajreswari A1, Jeyakumar SM(PubMed)
(3) The effect of lutein- and zeaxanthin-rich foods v. supplements on macular pigment level and serological markers of endothelial activation, inflammation and oxidation: pilot studies in healthy volunteers by Graydon R1, Hogg RE, Chakravarthy U, Young IS, Woodside J(PubMed)
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