Cruciferous Vegetables, the Anti-Hyperlipidemic Functional Foods

By Kyle J. Norton

Hyperlipidemia is a medical condition of abnormally high levels of cholesterol and fat in the bloodstream.

The condition is normally known as high blood cholesterol in the general population.

According to statistics provided by the CDC, in 2015–2016, more than 12% of adults age 20 and older are living with high blood cholesterol with a total cholesterol higher than 240 mg/dL. and more than 18% had high-density lipoprotein (HDL, or “good”) cholesterol levels less than 40 mg/dL.

In other words, hyperlipidemia has a high prevalent ratio that affects over 100 million Americans and the condition is increasing at an alarming rate due to overweight and obesity.

People with hyperlipidemia are asymptomatic. Over time, the fat collection in the arteries accompanied by calcium or other substances form plague, leading to narrowing arteries and reduced function of the arteries to transport oxygen-rich blood to parts of the body.

Believe it or not, only half of the people with high blood cholesterol benefits from taking the lowering blood cholesterol medicine.

Cholesterol is a waxy substance produced by the liver. In a moderate amount, it helps to improve the gastrointestinal tract in food digestion, builds strong cell membranes, produces vitamin D and steroid hormones.

The healthy ratio of low-density lipoprotein (LDL)/high-density lipoprotein (HDL) is ant numbers that are less than 4.

In a healthy individual, the bad cholesterol is returned to the liver. However, overexpression of "bad" cholesterol due to the consumption of a high-fat diet and reduced levels of "good" cholesterol can induce an unhealthy ratio of bad and good cholesterol, leading to bad cholesterol remaining in the bloodstream, a cause of hyperlipidemia.

Overexpression of bad cholesterol has been found to facilitate the plaque accumulated in the arterial wall, a major cause of heart disease and stroke.

Cruciferous vegetables are a group of vegetables, belongings to the family Brassicaceae (also called Cruciferae) with many genera, species, and cultivated all over the world in suitable climate for commercial profits, including cauliflower, cabbage, kale, garden cress, bok choy, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, and green leafy vegetables.

On finding potential and natural foods for the prevention and treatment of high blood cholesterol, researchers investigated the protective effect of Indole-3-Carbinol (I3C) on hyperlipidemia zebrafish larvae and early life stage toxicity of I3C on zebrafish embryos/larvae.

The study included Zebrafish larvae fed with a 4% high-cholesterol diet (HCD) before treatment of I3C 2.5μmol/L and 5μmol/L for two weeks.

According to the results of the tested assays, I3C treated groups showed a decrease of lipid deposition on the vasculature in a dose-dependently, compared to the control group.

I3C inhibited lipid deposition by inducing autophagy was attributed to the enhancement of the networks associated with the regulation of autophagy and apoptosis.

I3C also suppressed the levels of proteins and pathways involved in the regulation of cell growth, cell proliferation, cell motility, cell survival, protein synthesis, autophagy, and transcription, such as Bcl-2, Akt, p- Akt, mTOR, and p- mTOR.

Based on the findings, researchers said, "I3C shows protective effects on hyperlipidemia zebrafish larvae and maybe a promising multitarget drug in the prevention and protection against atherosclerotic".

Taken altogether, dietary cruciferous vegetables may be considered functional remedies for the prevention and treatment of hyperlipidemia, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Indole-3-carbinol inhibits lipid deposition and promotes autophagy in hyperlipidemia zebrafish larvae by Jiang Y1, Yang G1, Liao Q1, Zou Y1, Du Y1, Huang J. (PubMed)