Herbal Therapy: Green Tea and Green Tea Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG) In Protection and Treatment of Retinal Degenerative Disease

Kyle J. Norton

Green tea phenolic content may have a sustainable and therapeutic effect in reduced risk and progression of retinal degeneration, some scientists suggested.

Green tea, a precious drink processes numbers of health benefit known to almost everyone in Asia and Western world. However, as yin in nature herbal medicine or food, long term injection of large amounts may obstruct the balance of yin-yang, induced "yin excessive syndrome" or "yang vacuity syndrome" including weaken immunity and painful case of GERD,... according to traditional Chinese medicine's Yin-Yang theory.

Retinal degeneration is a macular disease characterized by impaired vision, night blindness, retinal detachment, light sensitivity, tunnel vision, and loss of peripheral vision to total loss of vision.

The evaluation of green tea effect in risk of retinal degeneration was found to be implicated by several mechanisms through numbers of aspects.

In ROS implication of oxidative stress-induced degeneration of the retina occurred in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and glaucoma, application of green tea polyphenols epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) exhibited antioxidant effect as free radical scavenger in ameliorated chain reaction of ROS in causing loss of neuron with direct effects of retinal function and reduced cytotoxicy of free radicals in induction of retinal cellular apoptosis.

Administration of green tea phynolic compound exerted 10 times more effective in treatment of retinal degeneration, in compared to potent medicine trolox (vitamin E analogue) in attenuating lipid peroxidation caused by the nitric oxide donor, sodium nitroprusside (SNP), according to the study.

Particularly, green tea epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) inhibited a significant decrease in photoreceptor-specific markers (RET-P1, rhodopsin kinase) which may be an indication of photoreceptor cells in the transition to degenerate prematurely, eventually resulting in blindness and an increase in the cell death marker caspase-3 caused by oxidative stress induced by injection of sodium nitroprusside (SNP)

According to the observation by Western blotting techniques, SNP was completely inhibited by EGCG injection in ameliorated the detrimental effects to the retina caused by SNP. 

Dr. Zhang B, the co-author said, "Since oxidative stress has been implicated in retinal diseases like AMD and glaucoma this study provides "proof of principle" for the idea that daily intake of EGCG may help individuals suffering from retinal diseases where oxidative stress is implicated".

More interestingly, in BALB/cJ mice treated with either EGCG or saline via intraperitoneal (IP) injection, and then placed under constant cool white light-emitting diode (LED) light (10,000 lux) for 5 h, EGCG treatment group showed a strong protective effect on the retina against light damage (LD) in compared to the control group.

According to the optical coherence tomography (OCT) and and electroretinography (ERG),  in the examine the retinal structure and function after LD indicated that application of green tea EGCG improved significantly higher ERG amplitudes for all three wave types through inducing morphologic protection of photoreceptors also in compared to control.

Moreover, the green tea extract bio-compound also decreased oxidative stress through increase the mRNA level of the antioxidant expression of Sod2, a manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) before LD and 24 h after LD.

Dr. Qi S1,, the lead author said, "The IP injection of EGCG attenuated the detrimental effects of bright light on the retinas of BALB/cJ mice by protecting the structure and function of the retina".

Importantly, in study to evaluate green tea EGCG effect in reduced  glutamate  induced excitotoxicity in the retina, researchers conducted a study of female Wistar rats (n = 171) randomly signed into a normal control group (n = 9); saline control group with intravitreal saline injections (n = 54); NMDA control group with an intravitreal NMDA injection and intraperitoneal saline injections (n = 54); and NMDA study group (n = 54) receiving an intravitreal NMDA injection plus intraperitoneal EGCG (25 mg/kg) injections, observation of the groups at 2 weeks after additional injection of NMDA showed that group with treatment of intraperitoneal application of EGCG reduced a significantly less marked NMDA-associated loss of retinal ganglion cell, through inhibition of decreasing retinal ganglion cell layer (GCL), neurons located near the inner surface (the ganglion cell layer) of the retina of the eye in received visual information from photoreceptors via cell density and thickness of Thy-1 immunoreactivity in several areas of the immature and adult human brain in expression of retinal ganglion cell damage.

Taken together, there is no doubt that Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a major polyphenol of green tea, may be considered as secondary therapeutic treatment used combination with standard therapy for protection and treatment of retinal degenerative disease 

For More information of yoga lessons tailor to a complete well being for women, please visit: YOGA BURN

Arthritis Is Curable
You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

FOOD HACK for Weight Loss
A Simple Cooking Technique That Cuts The Calories & Glycemic 
Impact In Rice, Pasta, And Potatoes In Half  

Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca

Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrients, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299

Sources

(1) Oxidative-induced retinal degeneration is attenuated by epigallocatechin gallate by Zhang B1, Osborne NN(PubMed)
(2) Neuroprotective effect of epigallocatechin-3-gallate against N-methyl-D-aspartate-induced excitotoxicity in the adult rat retina by Chen F1, Jiang L, Shen C, Wan H, Xu L, Wang N, Jonas JB(PubMed)

(3) Intraperitoneal injection of (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate protects against light-induced photoreceptor degeneration in the mouse retina by Qi S1,2, Wang C1,2, Song D2, Song Y2, Dunaief JL2.(PubMed)--

Herbal Therapy: Green Tea and Green Tea Catechins In reduced Risk and Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer

Kyle J. Norton

Green tea may have a therapeutic and positive effect in reduced risk and treatment of pancreatic cancer, some scientists suggested.

Green tea, a precious drink processes numbers of health benefit known to almost everyone in Asia and Western world. However, as yin in nature herbal medicine or food, long term injection of large amounts may obstruct the balance of yin-yang, induced "yin excessive syndrome" or "yang vacuity syndrome" including weaken immunity and painful case of GERD,... according to traditional Chinese medicine's Yin-Yang theory.

Pancreatic cancer is medical condition characterized by irregular cell growth in the issues of pancreas. At the later stage, the cancerous cell may travel a distance away to invade other healthy tissues and organs.

According to statistic, the average lifetime risk of pancreatic cancer for both men and women is about 1 in 65.

In the analysis of medical literature published online, green tea catechins,  epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) effect in reduced risk and treatment of pancreatic cancer was attributed to the contributions of various mechanisms.

In human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cell lines PancTu-I, Panc1, Panc89 and BxPC3, to compare the inhibited effect of EGCG to 2 components of catechins, namely, catechin gallate (CG) and epicatechin gallate (ECG), application of green tea 2 catechins components demonstrated a strong effect in inhibited proliferation of PDAC cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner.
In comparison test, green tea CG and ECG exerted much stronger anti-proliferation effects than those of EGCG.

The proliferation of PancTu-I cells retained by green tea catechin was attributed to the antioxidant effect in interference of the cancer cell division cycle through mediating the cytokines in modulation of cell cycle regulatory proteins, such as cyclins, a cell division regulators, cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) enzymes activated by cyclins in regulated cell progression through cell cycle arrest, and CDK inhibitors with function in prevented over proliferation of cancer cells.

Additionally, all 3 components of green tea catechins also demonstrated a substantiated effect in ameliorated secretion of pro-inflammatory and invasion promoting proteins of the cancer cell through expression of TNF tumor necrosis factor in activated of the nuclear factor NF-κB protein signalling involved mediation of DNA transcript, pro inflammatory cytokines production and cancer cell survival.

Tumor necrosis factor is a cell signaling protein possessed a wide range of proinflammatory actions

NF-κB is a protein with function in controlled transcription of DNA, cytokine production and cell survival.

Further analysis once again found that green tea catechins ECG and CG exhibit potent and much stronger anti-proliferate and anti-inflammatory activities on PDAC cells in compared to EGCG

In human pancreatic cancer cells lines MIA PaCa-2 cells, injection of green tea EGCG plus Bleomycin, (BLM), an anti-cancer chemotherapeutic drug displayed a substantial effect in inhibited cell proliferation through cell cycle transition phase arrest and mitochondrial depolarization by mitochondrial permeability transition in induction of cell apoptosis, after 72 hours.

Additional examination,  indicate that EGCG and BLM exhibited anti-proliferative effects significantly in induced apoptosis of MIA PaCa-2 cells and suggested that this combination could represent a new strategy with potential advantages for treatment of pancreatic cancer.

In pancreatic cancer cell lines MIA PaCa-2 and PANC-1, injection of pterostilbene isolated from blue berry and EGCG expressed a strongly additive antiproliferative effect after 72 hours with MIA underwent S-phase arrest but not in cancer cell line PANC-1.

Both pterostilbene and EGCG induced mitochondrial depolarization in enhanced cytochrome c released from mitochondria to trigger programmed cell death during the early stages of apoptosis was observed also in MIA, but not in PANC

EGCG increased caspase-3/7 function in induced cell apoptosis in MIA but the combined treatment did not significantly increase the activity in either cell lines. these contradictory activities may indicate that cell death occurs in MIA, possibly through another mechanism.

Taking altogether, green tea with abundant antioxidant catechins may be used as adjunct therapy for reduced risk and combined standard medicine for treatment of pancreatic cancer.

For More information of yoga lessons tailor to a complete well being for women, please visit: YOGA BURN

Arthritis Is Curable
You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

FOOD HACK for Weight Loss
A Simple Cooking Technique That Cuts The Calories & Glycemic 
Impact In Rice, Pasta, And Potatoes In Half  

Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca

Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrients, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Epicatechin gallate and catechin gallate are superior to epigallocatechin gallate in growth suppression and anti-inflammatory activities in pancreatic tumor cells. by Kürbitz C1, Heise D, Redmer T, Goumas F, Arlt A, Lemke J, Rimbach G, Kalthoff H, Trauzold A.(PubMed)
(2) Inhibitory effect of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate and bleomycin on human pancreatic cancerMiaPaca-2 cell growth by Bimonte S#1, Leongito M#1, Barbieri A2, Del Vecchio V2, Barbieri M1, Albino V1, Piccirillo M1, Amore A1, Di Giacomo R1, Nasto A1, Granata V3, Petrillo A3, Arra C2, Izzo F1.(PubMed)
(3) Inhibitory effects of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate and pterostilbene on pancreatic cancer growth in vitro by Kostin SF1, McDonald DE, McFadden DW.(PubMed)

Food Therapy: Lentils (Legumes) in Reduced Risk, Progression and Treatment of Metabolic Syndrome

Kyle J. Norton

Daily and regularly intake of lentils may have a potential and therapeutic effect in reduced risk and treatment of metabolic syndrome, some researchers suggested.

Lentil, a type of pulse and tiny legume that can be cooked quickly and rich in protein and fiber is a bushy annual plant of genus Lens pf the Fabaceae family, native to Middle East.

Metabolic syndrome is a set of conditions characterized by increased blood pressure, high blood sugar, excess body fat around the waist, and abnormal cholesterol or triglyceride levels which are considered as risk factors of cardiovascular disease and diabetes.

Investigation of lentils effect in risk of metabolic syndrome was depending to numbers of mechanism through several aspects.

The testing of low-GLoad foods effect in metabolic syndrome occurrence with 131 male Nile rats aged 3 weeks to 15 months randomly assigned to 15 dietary exposures of varied Glycemic Index (GI, 36-88), GLoad (102-305/2000 kcal), and cumulative GLoad (Cum GLoad=days×GLoad, 181-537g total glucose), indicated that lentil diets with low GLoads (102, 202) displayed a significant effect in reduced onset and treatment of metabolic syndrome in compared to other food with higher glycemic index.

More specifically, the benefit from lentils exceeded dietary factors of conbined macronutrient composition (%Energy from carbohydrate:fat:protein, between 70:10:20 to 40:40:20), total fiber (0-24%), or dietary caloric density (2.9-4.7 kcal/g) found in the legume.

Additionally, the experiment also found that lentil diet even reversed the progression in metabolic syndrome and diabetes expression in the tested Nile rats.

According to the randomized assays, intake of lentils over 15 dietary exposures decreased factors of insulin resistance, lower blood sugars, particular in fasting glucose levels as well as improving levels of blood lipid and ratio of cholesterol= high density choleaterol#/ total cholesterol#.

Inspection of total food intake of tested rat also demonstrated a strong correlation between the cumulative GLoad (Cum GLoad=days×GLoad, 181-537g total glucose) and parameters of MetS and T2DM.

In other word, longer term intake of lower Gload intake are correlated linearly to lesser prevalence risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes.

More profoundly, according to the University of Toronto, in the experiment to investigate the effects of frequent consumption (five cups/week over 8 weeks) of pulses (yellow peas, chickpeas, navy beans and lentils), compared with counselling to reduce energy intake by 2093 kJ/d (500 kcal/d), on risk factors of the MetSyn of two groups (nineteen and twenty-one subjects, respectively) of overweight or obese (mean BMI 32·8 kg/m2) adults, measurement of body weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting blood parameters and 24 h food intakes at weeks 1, 4 and 8 and blood glucose, insulin, C-peptide, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and ghrelin were measured after a 75 g oral glucose load at weeks 1 and 8 indicated that frequent consumption (five cups/week over 8 weeks) of pulses displayed a significant and positive effect in reduced energy intake in ubction of weight loss, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, glycosylated Hb (HbA1c), and glucose AUC and homeostasis model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) following the glucose load (P < 0·05) similar to those in energy group.

Glycosylated Hb (HbA1c), a measurement of three-month average plasma glucose concentration is used  to determine risk of diabetes in suspected subject. There is an suggestion of lower HbA1c level by 1% associated to lower 19% risk of diabetes onset.

Homeostatic model is a test with an aim to assess the function of β-cell and insulin resistance (IR) from basal (fasting) glucose and insulin or C-peptide, a proinsulin molecule concentrations.

Further analysis also found that  frequent consumption (five cups/week over 8 weeks) of pulses (yellow peas, chickpeas, navy beans and lentils also increased HDL levels and fasting C-peptide and insulin Area under the curve (AUC) responses in compared to energy group. In deed, the influence of the above parameters was associated linearly and directly to types of diet intake..

More precisely, pulse treatment group showed HDL and C-peptide increased by 4·5 and 12·3 %, respectively, in compared to decreased by 0·8 and 7·6 %, respectively, in the energy-restricted group.

Insulin AUC decreased in both females and males on the energy-restricted diet by 24·2 and 4·8 %, respectively, but on the pulse diet it decreased by 13·9 % in females and increased by 27·3 % in males (P < 0·05).

Taken together, there is no doubt that frequent intake of lentils or legume products may have a substantial and direct influence in reduced risk, progression and treatment of metabolic syndrome.

Arthritis Is Curable
You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer recommended by Kyle J. Norton

Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca

Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton, Master of Nutrients
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Low glycemic load diets protect against metabolic syndrome and Type 2 diabetes mellitus in the male Nile rat by Bolsinger J1, Landstrom M2, Pronczuk A3, Auerbach A4, Hayes KC5.(PubMed)
(2) Regular consumption of pulses for 8 weeks reduces metabolic syndrome risk factors in overweight and obese adults by Mollard RC1, Luhovyy BL, Panahi S, Nunez M, Hanley A, Anderson GH.(PubMed)
(3) A legume-based hypocaloric diet reduces proinflammatory status and improves metabolic features in overweight/obese subjects by Hermsdorff HH1, Zulet MÁ, Abete I, Martínez JA(PubMed)

Herbal Therapy: Green Tea, a Functional Food in Attenuated Risk and Treatment of Autoimmune Diseases

Kyle J. Norton (All right reserved)

Green tea bioactive Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) may have a therapeutic and profound effect in attenuated risk and treatment of autoimmune diseases, some scientists postulated.

Green tea, a precious drink processes numbers of health benefit known to almost everyone in Asia and Western world. However, as yin in nature herbal medicine or food, long term injection of large amounts may obstruct the balance of yin-yang, induced "yin excessive syndrome" or "yang vacuity syndrome" including weaken immunity and painful case of GERD,... according to traditional Chinese medicine's Yin-Yang theory.

Autoimmune diseases are class of diseases characterized by immune system in attacking its own tissues.

Green tea bioactive compound Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) in risk of autoimmune diseases was found to associate to many different mechanisms involved numbers of aspect.

In interleukin-1 receptor antagonist knockout (IL-1raKO) arthritis rodent models of human rheumatoid arthritis, intraperitoneal injection of EGCG three times per week after the first immunization showed a significant reduction of arthritis index observed by decreased damage and destruction of joint tissues.

The efficacy of green tea phytochemicals in inhibited arthritis expression was attributed to the activities in reduced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in accumulation of inflammatory cells into the synovium for joint destruction and oxidative stress proteins in facilitated inflammation and destruction of the joints in arthritis.

Furthermore, the extract also exhibited anti STAT3 expression in mediated variety of genes in response to cell stimuli to induce cellular processes such as cell growth and division, cell movement, and apoptosis activated by cytokine-dependent inflammation, through phosphorylation-Stat3 Antibody (y705) and (S727)in shortening the duration of STAT3 activity.

Interestingly, additional analysis also found that application of green tea bioactive compound lowers the mediation effect of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) function in limited production of pro inflammatory cytokines and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) in regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) function in activated pro inflammatory expression in innate immunity. 

Moreover, injection of EGCG also exhibited anti-osteoclastic activity observed by reduced osteoclast markers in EGCG-treated IL-1RaKO mice.

In mice induced Sjögren's syndrome with pathogenic effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the salivary glands, administration of green tea Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), was found to reduce over expression of ROS in precipitated oxidative stress-induced DNA damage and apoptosis in MRL-Fas(lpr) mice with autoimmune sialadenitis through Heme oxygenase(HO)-1 in response to pro antioxidant expression and Bcl-2 with function to induce cell survival.

Additionally, in the investigation of the ameliorated effects of green tea in risk of autoimmune sialadenitis in a murine model, application of the green tea extract chemical compound decreased severity of sialadenitis substantially through reduced expressions of Thymine glycol (5,6-dihydroxy-5,6-dihydrothymine) with function in induced DNA damage.by oxidation and ionizing radiation andgp91phox subunit of NADPH oxidase in production of ROS to react to the acute phase of infection.

Further differentiation indicated that the chemical constituents also ameliorated single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) function in DNA duplication in both viruses and organisms and cleaved caspase 3 activity in mediation of programmed cell death and TP53 or tumor protein in regulated apoptosis mediated by expression of BAX.

More profoundly, in the examine duct epithelial cells of salivary glands, EGCG-treated mice showed decreased levels of SS-A/Ro, an extractable nuclear antigen (ENA) and Sjögren syndrome antigen B or Lupus La protein (SSB/La) associated with auto immune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and Sjögren's syndrome (SS).

Finally, green tea EGCG-treated mice also showed a lower Ifi202b interferon activated gene 202B expression in implicated the development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and Ifi202 over expression in the kidney and immune organs, an indication of significantly increased disease progression in autoimmune glomerulonephritis, according to publication of Gene ID: 26388, updated on 5-Nov-2017.

Taken together, green tea processed abundantly bioactive phytochemicals may be considered as a functional food in reduced risk and treatment of auto immune diseases. Intake of green tea extract should be taken with care as overdose-toxicity has been reported in numbers of incidence.

For More information of yoga lessons tailor to a complete well being for women, please visit: YOGA BURN

Arthritis Is Curable
You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

FOOD HACK for Weight Loss
A Simple Cooking Technique That Cuts The Calories & Glycemic 
Impact In Rice, Pasta, And Potatoes In Half  

Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca

Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrients, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(*) Epigallocatechin gallate inhibits oxidative stress-induced DNA damage and apoptosis in MRL-Fas(lpr) mice with autoimmune sialadenitis via upregulation of heme oxygenase-1 and Bcl-2. by Saito K1, Mori S, Date F, Ono M.(PubMed)
(*) EGCG attenuates autoimmune arthritis by inhibition of STAT3 and HIF-1α with Th17/Treg control by Yang EJ1, Lee J2, Lee SY1, Kim EK1, Moon YM1, Jung YO3, Park SH2, Cho ML1.(PubMed)
(*) Green tea EGCG, T cells, and T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases by Wu D1, Wang J, Pae M, Meydani SN.(PubMed)
(*) The ability of green tea to alleviate autoimmune diseases: fact or fiction? by Wu D, Wang J.

Food Therapy: Lentils(Bean) Lectin in Reduced Risk of Early Onset and Treatment of Colon Cancer

Kyle J. Norton

Lentils with abundantly bioactive compounds may have a therapeutic and positive effect in reduced risk and treatment of colon cancer, some scientists postulated.

Lentil, type of pulse and tiny legumes that can be cooked quickly and rich in protein and fiber is a bushy annual plant of genus Lens to the Fabaceae family, native to Middle East.

Colon cancer is a medical condition characterized by abnormal cell growth in the colon tissues. At the later stage, the cancerous cells can travel a distance away from the original site to infect other healthy tissues and organ cells.

The evaluation of lentils effect in risk of colon cancer was found to associate to certain mechanisms involving several different aspects.

In the study to compare whether lentil's bioactive micro- and macroconstituents in protection of early onset of colon cancer with chemopreventive agent in 60 weanling Fischer 344 male rats, 4 to 5 weeks of age, randomly assigned to 6 groups (10 rats/group), 5 groups fed with lentils preparation of  raw whole lentils (RWL), raw split lentils (RSL), cooked whole lentils (CWL), and cooked split lentils (CSL) and Raw soybeans (RSB; Glycine max), respectively plus AIN-93G+5% in each group and the control group (C) received AIN-93G diet, observation after injections of azoxymethane carcinogen at 15 mg/kg rat body weight per dose, showed that rats fed with lentils preparation expressed  a strong implication in protection against colon carcinogenesis through reduction of total aberrant crypt foci numbers and increase of hepatic glutathione-S-transferases activities in compared to control group.

Aberrant crypt foci (ACF) are colorectal polyps in the lining of the colon and rectum and considered as a marker of a stage preceding the development of cancer.

Liver glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are a family of phase II detoxification enzyme with function to protect our body against toxicity caused by chemical injection through liver detoxification.

Interestingly, in colon cancer cell line  LS174T, lectins differentiated the cancer line into gland like structures through activated anti-epCAM monoclonal antibody with function in inhibition of epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM), a signalling receptor and activator of the wnt pathway in passing signals into a cell through cell surface receptors in expression on tumor-initiating cells.

Furthermore, differentiation of human colon cancer cell lines LS174T, SW1222, and HT29, lectins isolated from some vegetables also showed a significant effect in inhibited proliferation of all the cell lines, particularly, Vicia faba agglutinin, the lectin presented in broad beans in stimulated differentiation of undifferentiated colon cancer cells through expression of epithelial cell adhesion molecule (epCAM) antibody observed by Western blots without affecting the expression of epCAM.

More importantly, in the analysis of other bean lectin in expression of cytotoxic activity in colon cancer induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) or azoxy-methane/dextran sodium sulfate (AOM/DSS) in animal model, rat treated with lectin extract after 6 weeks exhibited anti cancer activity through significantly decreased early tumorigenesis triggered by DMH by 70%, but without any evidence of an apoptosis.

Additionally, the application of lectin extract also reduced numbers of  aberrant cryptic foci generated by colon cancer induced agent by 50%, an indication of decreased risk of early onset of colon cancer.

The efficacy of the bean extract lectin in exhibited antiproliferative and proapoptotic expression against colon cancer probably was attributed by decreasing the signal transduction pathway protein , protein kinase B (Akt), in regulated multiple cellular processes such as cell apoptosis, cell proliferation and cell migration and increase caspase 3 activity in induction of cancer apoptosis.

Taken together, although lectin isolated from bean and lentils inhibited colon cancer indirectly through undifferentiated colon cancer cell line to differentiate into gland like structures via expression of epithelial cell adhesion molecule (epCAM), intake of lectin in supplement form should be taken with care as lectin has been found to induce toxicity in some reports.

Arthritis Is Curable
You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer recommended by Kyle J. Norton

Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca

Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton, Master of Nutrients
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Vicia faba agglutinin, the lectin present in broad beans, stimulates differentiation of undifferentiated colon cancer cells by Jordinson M1, El-Hariry I, Calnan D, Calam J, Pignatelli M.(PubMed)
(2) Chemopreventive effect of raw and cooked lentils (Lens culinaris L) and soybeans (Glycine max) against azoxymethane-induced aberrant crypt foci by Faris MA1, Takruri HR, Shomaf MS, Bustanji YK.(PubMed)
(3) Lectin reactivities as intermediate biomarkers in premalignant colorectal epithelium by Boland CR1, Martin MA, Goldstein IJ.(PubMed)
(4) Phaseolus acutifolius Lectin Fractions Exhibit Apoptotic Effects on Colon Cancer: Preclinical Studies Using Dimethilhydrazine or Azoxi-Methane as Cancer Induction Agents by Ulisses Moreno-Celis 1,† ID , Josué López-Martínez 1,†, Alejandro Blanco-Labra 2 , Ricardo Cervantes-Jiménez 1 , Laura Elena Estrada-Martínez 1 , Alejandro Eduardo García-Pascalin 1 , María De Jesús Guerrero-Carrillo 1 , Adriana Jheny Rodríguez-Méndez 3 , Carmen Mejía 1 , Roberto Augusto Ferríz-Martínez 1,* and Teresa García-Gasca 1(MOLESCULES)

Alternative Therapy: Yoga, The Ancient Technique in Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Kyle J. Norton 


Epidemiological studies suggested that yoga intervention may improve psychological and physical aspects in patients diagnosed with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychological condition triggered by terrifically experienced or witnessed events.

Yoga, the ancient  practical technique for harmonized external and internal body well beings, through breath control, meditation, bodily movement and gesture..... has been well known for people in Western world and some parts in Asia due to health benefits reported by various respectable institutes' research and supported by health advocates.

In the concern of 10 million women with histories of interpersonal violence in the United States who have developed posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), researchers at the Trauma Center at Justice Resource Institute, conducted a study included Sixty-four women with chronic, treatment-resistant PTSD randomly assigned to either trauma-informed yoga or supportive women's health education,  with a weekly 1-hour class for 10 weeks, at the end of experiment indicated that yoga program expressed a significantly improved the syndrome, causing 16/ 31 participants no longer met criteria for PTSD in compared to 6 of 29 (21%) in the control group, linearly to the length of participation of the class of yoga in the trend of syndrome improvement.

According to the measurement of the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS), yoga group expressed a better outcome in exhibited significantly decrease complications related to affect and impulse regulation.

In fact, yoga exercise, using deep relaxation and meditation to create a state of consciousness in the present moment and increased the ability to maintain or positive feelings to minimize or regulate stress feelings and defensive states.

Although, the achievement of mind calmness and induced dramatization to individual with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in  perform mediation may be difficult during the early state of treatment, instruction and guidance of yoga breathing was shown to gradually improved the individual attention of bodily sensations in modulation of autonomic arousal, and decreased cognitive patterns of distraction.

More importantly, Dr. van der Kolk BA, the led author said, " both groups exhibited significant decreases in PTSD symptoms during the first half of treatment, but these improvements were maintained in the yoga group, while the control group relapsed after its initial improvement" and " Yoga may improve the functioning of traumatized individuals by helping them to tolerate physical and sensory experiences associated with fear and helplessness and to increase emotional awareness and affect tolerance".

Additionally, yoga breathing and mindfulness practices also improved attention on sensory experiences and  physical sensations, including body tension, rapid heartbeat, and short, shallow breath in triggerring emotional response in a positive way.

Some researchers suggested that yoga postures not only help PTSD to gain awareness of body and its strength, feeling calm and control of thoughts, but also overcome the bad experiences of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) life through expression of a friendly relationship with the body in confront internal sensations.

Interestingly, the investigation of the effect of yoga intervention on alcohol and drug abuse behaviors in women with PTSD,using data from a pilot randomized controlled trial by comparing a 12-session yoga practice with an assessment control for women age 18 to 65 years, measured by Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) and Drug Use Disorder Identification Test (DUDIT), showed that yoga group expressed a mean AUDIT and DUDIT scores decreased a reduction in symptoms and improvement of symptom management in yoga group in compared to control.

Amazingly, yoga participants after the experiment also expressed interest in psychotherapy for PTSD.

The efficacy of yoga intervention in recovering addicts was attributed to the relaxation and mindfulness intervention in induction of calmness of the body and mind to enhanced experience feelings of peace and comfort to deal with increased addictive temptation and to cop and tolerate the uncomfortable feelings and sensations that can lead to reinstatement of drug-seeking behavior.

The finding evidences suggested that yoga intervention can be used as an integrated form of practice to attenuate the symptoms of PTSD, through improving psychological and physical aspects in related to risk of alcohol and drug addiction and an adjunct therapy used together with the primary treatment in treatment of patients with post traumatic stress disorder.

For More information of yoga lessons tailor to a complete well being for women, please visit: YOGA BURN

Arthritis Is Curable
You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

FOOD HACK for Weight Loss
A Simple Cooking Technique That Cuts The Calories & Glycemic 
Impact In Rice, Pasta, And Potatoes In Half  

Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca

Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrients, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Yoga as an adjunctive treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder: a randomized controlled trial by van der Kolk BA1, Stone L, West J, Rhodes A, Emerson D, Suvak M, Spinazzola J.(PubMed)
(2) The effect of a yoga intervention on alcohol and drug abuse risk in veteran and civilian women with posttraumatic stress disorder by Reddy S1, Dick AM, Gerber MR, Mitchell K.(PubMed)
(3) Yoga as an Adjunctive Treatment for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial by Bessel A. van der Kolk, MD; Laura Stone, MA; Jennifer West, PhD; Alison Rhodes, MSW Med; David Emerson, MA; Michael Suvak, PhD; and Joseph Spinazzola, PhD(Original Research)

Food Therapy: Legume (Chickpea) For Reduced Risk and Treatment of Chronic Inflammatory Diseases

Kyle J. Norton

Chickpeas may have a substantial and therapeutic effect in ameliorated production of proinflammatory cytokines in induction of symptoms of pain, swelling, redness,....during the early phase of infection, some scientists suggested.

Garbanzo beans also known as chickpea is an edible legume of genus Cicer and the family Fabaceae, high in protein and minerals. It is one of the earliest cultivated vegetables, native to Middle East.

Inflammation is a natural process of immune system in protect the damage tissues against invasion of foreign substances.

Evaluation of the effect of chickpea anti inflammatory activities may involve expression of several aspects and mechanisms.

Legume intake including chickpeas, in the study of 486 Tehrani female teachers expressed a strong effect in reduced levels of E-selectin induced by expression of cytokines during the inflammatory process, and down regulated of rapid E-selectin may have a profound effect to protect against chronic inflammation.


E-selectin, also known as CD62 antigen-like family member E (CD62E), is a cell adhesion molecule expressed on inflamed endothelial cells activated by inflammatory cytokines in acute phase of infection.

Further analysis also found that application of legume intake including chickpeas, exerted significant effects in lower levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, the markers in expression of inflammation. Increased median sICAM-1 serum concentration was considered as an indication of inflammation and  Lower the levels of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) is a maker in expression of chronic inflammatory diseases.

Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) is a protein expressed on the surface in activated endothelial cells.

Interestingly, the administration also exerted antioxidant effect in reduced serum concentrations of high sensitive CRP, a protein has been used to measure the risk of CVD and local inflammation, if presented in high levels and tumor necrosis factor alpha TNFα, which is a cell signalling involved in systemic inflammation, particularly in the acute phase infection, with function in regulated immune function during tissues damage, over expression of TNFα, may be an indication of serve inflammation.

More importantly, the inhibition of  interleukin-6 may also be another expression of the application effect in reduced gene interleukin-6 (IL-6) secreted by T cells and macrophages in production of pro inflammatory cytokine to induce the acute phase of inflammation.

Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is an interleukin with duo function of a pro-inflammatory cytokine and an anti-inflammatory myokine

Intrusively, in a randomized cross-over clinical trial investigated the effects of two intervention diets (non-soya legume-based therapeutic lifestyle change (TLC) diet v. isoenergetic legume-free TLC diet) on inflammatory biomarkers among type 2 diabetic patients of 31 participants (twenty-four women and seven men; weight 74.5 (SD 7.0) kg; age 58.1 (SD 6.0) years) randomly assigned to one of the two following intervention diets for 8 weeks: legume-free TLC diet or non-soya legume-based TLC diet, researchers at the Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, found that the the non-soya legume-based TLC diet expressed a significantly supportive to above study by decreased high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, IL-6 and TNF-α in overweight diabetic patients.

Taking altogether, legume included chickpeas expressed a significant effect in ameliorated inflammatory activities may be considered as an adjunct therapy used combined with standard treatment for chronic inflammatory diseases.

Arthritis Is Curable
You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer recommended by Kyle J. Norton

Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton, Master of Nutrients
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Legume consumption is inversely associated with serum concentrations of adhesion molecules and inflammatory biomarkers among Iranian women byEsmaillzadeh A1, Azadbakht L.(PubMed)
(2) Non-soya legume-based therapeutic lifestyle change diet reduces inflammatory status in diabetic patients: a randomised cross-over clinical trial by Hosseinpour-Niazi S1, Mirmiran P2, Fallah-Ghohroudi A1, Azizi F3.(PubMed)