Papaya is a species of Carica Papaya, belonging to the family
Caricaceae and native to the tropics of the Americas, and was first
cultivated in Mexico and several centuries
Nutrients
1. Carbohydrates
2. Sugars
3. Fiber
4. Protein
5. Vitamin A
6. Thiamine (Vitamin B1)
7. Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)
8. Niacin (Vitamin B3)
9. Vitamin B6
10. Vitamin C
11. Vitamin E
12. Vitamin K
13. Calcium
14. Iron
15. Magnesium
16. Phosphorus
17. Potassium
18. Sodium
19. Etc.
Chemical constituents
Alkaloids, Cardenolides, Anthraquinones, Saponins, Tannin, phenol, flavonoid, anthocyanin, Benzyl glucosinolate, benzylisothiocyanate, 5-(Hydroxymethyl)-2-furancarboxaldehyde,
2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one and
1,3-dihydroxy-2-propanone, etc.(a).
Papaya and Anemia
Anemia is characterized by deficiency in the hemoglobin of the red
blood cells diminishing the ability of the blood to transport oxygen to
our cells and to removing carbon dioxide.
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a genetic disease associated with unusually large numbers of immature blood cells. According to Covenant University, Methanolic extracts from S. monostachyus, C. papaya seed oil, exhibited particular antisickling properties coupled with the potential to reduce stress in sickle cell patients(1). In In beta-hemoglobinopathies, fermented papaya preparation (FPP), increased the content of reduced glutathione (GSH) in red blood cells
(RBC), and decreased their reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation,
membrane lipid peroxidation, and externalization of phosphatidylserine
(PS), indicating amelioration of their oxidative
status, without a significant change in the hematological parameters,
probably through addition of an iron chelator(2) and alleviated symptoms
associated with oxidative stress in severe forms of thalassemia(3) as well as significant reduction in the number of sickle cells(4).
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References
(a) Chemical composition and bioactivity of dried fruits and honey of Ficus carica cultivars Dottato, San Francesco and Citrullara by Loizzo MR1, Bonesi M, Pugliese A, Menichini F, Tundis R.(PubMed)
(a) Chemical composition and bioactivity of dried fruits and honey of Ficus carica cultivars Dottato, San Francesco and Citrullara by Loizzo MR1, Bonesi M, Pugliese A, Menichini F, Tundis R.(PubMed)
(1) Solenostemon monostachyus, Ipomoea involucrata and Carica papaya
seed oil versus Glutathione, or Vernonia amygdalina: methanolic
extracts of novel plants for the management of sickle cell anemia
disease by Afolabi IS1, Osikoya IO, Fajimi OD, Usoro PI, Ogunleye DO, Bisi-Adeniyi T, Adeyemi AO, Adekeye BT.(PubMed)
(2) Amelioration of oxidative stress in red blood cells from patients with beta-thalassemia major and intermedia and E-beta-thalassemia following administration of a fermented papaya preparation by Fibach E1, Tan ES, Jamuar S, Ng I, Amer J, Rachmilewitz EA.(PubMed)(3) Fermented papaya preparation as redox regulator in blood cells of beta-thalassemic mice and patients by Amer J1, Goldfarb A, Rachmilewitz EA, Fibach E(PubMed)
(4) Preliminary in vitro antisickilng properties of crude juice extracts of Persia Americana, Citrus sinensis, Carica papaya and Ciklavit® by Iweala EE1, Uhegbu FO, Ogu GN.(PubMed)
Friday, 9 May 2014
Ranch Pretzel Bites
Recipe contributed by Quick and easy family favorites (by Vickie and JoAnn)
This snack mix is a variation on one that uses oyster crackers. Whichever you use, eat up, because it won't last for long!
16-oz. pkg. large pretzels
2-oz. pkg. ranch salad dressing mix
3/4 c. oil
11/2 t. garlic powder
11/2 t, dill weed
Break pretzels into bite-size pieces; place in a large mixing bowl. Combined remaining ingredients in a separate mixing bowl and pour over pretzels; toss to coat, Pour into an ungreased baking sheet.
bake at 200 degrees for 1 hour, stirring every 15 minutes.
Make 16 serving
Note: small bite-size pretzels may be substituted for a large pretzels.
Susan Young
Madison, AL
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This snack mix is a variation on one that uses oyster crackers. Whichever you use, eat up, because it won't last for long!
16-oz. pkg. large pretzels
2-oz. pkg. ranch salad dressing mix
3/4 c. oil
11/2 t. garlic powder
11/2 t, dill weed
Break pretzels into bite-size pieces; place in a large mixing bowl. Combined remaining ingredients in a separate mixing bowl and pour over pretzels; toss to coat, Pour into an ungreased baking sheet.
bake at 200 degrees for 1 hour, stirring every 15 minutes.
Make 16 serving
Note: small bite-size pretzels may be substituted for a large pretzels.
Susan Young
Madison, AL
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Phytochemical Piperine
Phytochemicals, the natural chemical constituent, protect the plants against diseases and form their outer's color. Phytochemicals may be next potential sources of new medicine for treatment of diseases with little or no side effects.
Piperine is a phytochemical alkaloid in the class of organosulfur compound, found abundantly in white and black pepper, long pepper, etc.
1. Phytochemical Piperine and antimicrobial activity
Piperine is a phytochemical alkaloid in the class of organosulfur compound, found abundantly in white and black pepper, long pepper, etc.
The immune system is the set of cells and their activity against antigens or infectious agents that comprises of the body's defense system against diseases. The immune system does a great job of keeping people healthy and preventing infections. Beside foods and nutritional supplements, herbs also play a important role in helping the immune system defend against viruses and bacteria attacks.
The health benefits
In the study of piperine combination with mupirocin for antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus strains including meticillin-resistant S. aureus, the combination showed more effective against the tested subject when compared with the commercially available formulation of 2 % mupirocin alone. Other in the study of the same subject showed the enhanced accumulation and decreased efflux of ethidium bromide in the wild-type and mutant (CIPr-1) strains in the presence of piperine.
References
(1) Piperine as an inhibitor of the MdeA efflux pump of Staphylococcus aureus by Mirza ZM, Kumar A, Kalia NP, Zargar A, Khan IA.(PubMed)
(2) Piperine, a phytochemical potentiator of ciprofloxacin against Staphylococcus aureus by Khan IA, Mirza ZM, Kumar A, Verma V, Qazi GN.(PubMed)
2. Phytochemical Piperine and Breast Cancer
Piperine is a phytochemical alkaloid in the class of organosulfur compound, found abundantly in white and black pepper, long pepper, etc.
Breast cancer (malignant breast neoplasm) is a cancer that starts in the tissues of the breast either from the inner lining of milk ducts (Ductal carcinoma) or the lobules (Lobular carcinoma) that supply the ducts with milk. there is also rare cases that breast cancer starts in other areas of the breast. In 2010, over 250,000 new cases of breast cancer were expected to be diagnosed in women in the U.S. alone and the risk of getting invasive breast cancer during life time of a women is 1/8.
The health benefits
Piperine, a chgenical component of black pepper, showed a strongly inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis of breast caner cells and HER2 gene expression. pretreatment of piperine enhanced sensitization to paclitaxel killing in HER2-overexpressing breast cancer cells. Other study of piperine against breast cancer also showed Piperine (35-280 μmol/L) inhibited the growth of 4T1 cells in time- and dose-dependent manners (the IC(50) as Treatment of 4T1 cells with piperine (70-280 μmol/L) dose-dependently induced apoptosis of 4T1 cells, accompanying activation of caspase 3.
As the result, the phytochemical piperine may be a poteantial agent for treating breast cancer.
References
(I) Antitumor efficacy of piperine in the treatment of human HER2-overexpressing breast cancer cells by Do MT, Kim HG, Choi JH, Khanal T, Park BH, Tran TP, Jeong TC, Jeong HG.(PubMed)
(2) Piperine suppresses tumor growth and metastasis in vitro and in vivo in a 4T1 murine breast cancer model by Lai LH, Fu QH, Liu Y, Jiang K, Guo QM, Chen QY, Yan B, Wang QQ, Shen JG.(PubMed)
3. Phytochemical Piperine and cognitive impairment
Piperine is a phytochemical alkaloid in the class of organosulfur compound, found abundantly in white and black pepper, long pepper, etc.
Cognition is the process of the brain including the attention of working memory, producing and comprehending language, learning, reasoning, problem solving, and decision making.
The health benefits
In chronic unpredictable stress (CUS)-induced cognitive impairment and oxidative stress in mice,
Piperine showed to potentiate the protective effects of curcumin in significantly improved behavioral and biochemical alterations, restored mitochondrial enzyme complex activities and attenuated increased acetylcholinesterase and serum corticosterone levels. In olfactory bulbectomy induced depression in rats, co-administration of piperine with curcumin significantly potentiated the effects in behavioral, biochemical, mitochondrial, molecular and histopathological alterations. These potentiation of co administration also showed to prevented all the behavioral, cellular, and neurochemical changes associated with the chronic administration of haloperidol, as compared to their effects alone.
References
(1) iperine potentiates the protective effects of curcumin against chronic unpredictable stress-induced cognitive impairment and oxidative damage in mice by Rinwa P, Kumar A.(PubMed)
(2) Suppression of neuroinflammatory and apoptotic signaling cascade by curcumin alone and in combination with piperine in rat model of olfactory bulbectomy induced depression.
Rinwa P, Kumar A, Garg S.(PubMed)
(3) Protective effect of curcumin and its combination with piperine
(bioavailability enhancer) against haloperidol-associated
neurotoxicity: cellular and neurochemical evidence by Bishnoi M, Chopra
K, Rongzhu L, Kulkarni SK.(PubMed)
4. Phytochemical Piperine and Angiogenesis
Piperine is a phytochemical alkaloid in the class of organosulfur compound, found abundantly in white and black pepper, long pepper, etc.
Angiogenesis is the form of new blood vessels in the body for healing and reproduction.
The health benefits
Piperine, a major alkaloid constituent of black pepper, exerted it anti angiogenic effect to cause apoptosis in some cancer cell lines such as in inhibited the proliferation and G(1)/S transition of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) without causing cell death, as well as collagen-induced angiogenic activity by rat aorta explants and breast cancer cell-induced angiogenesis in chick embryos. Piperine in the co administration with curcumin, enhancing the functions of curcumin in suppression of many diseases including angiogenesis.
References
(1) Piperine, a dietary phytochemical, inhibits angiogenesis by Doucette CD, Hilchie AL, Liwski R, Hoskin DW.(PubMed)
(2) Biological activities of curcumin and its analogues (Congeners) made by man and Mother Nature by Anand P, Thomas SG, Kunnumakkara AB, Sundaram C, Harikumar KB, Sung B, Tharakan ST, Misra K, Priyadarsini IK, Rajasekharan KN, Aggarwal BB.(PubMed)
5. Phytochmical Piperind and analgesic and anticonvulsant effects
Piperine is a phytochemical alkaloid in the class of organosulfur compound, found abundantly in white and black pepper, long pepper, etc.
Analgesic is a reduced pain agent
Anticonvulsant is type of medicines in preventing and treating convulsions (seizures)
The health benefits
Piperine effectiveness in exerting it analgesic and anticonvulsant effects in treating pain and epilepsy may be a result of its mediated function via opioid and GABA (main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system)-ergic pathways.
References
(1) The analgesic and anticonvulsant effects of piperine in mice by Bukhari IA, Pivac N, Alhumayyd MS, Mahesar AL, Gilani AH.(PubMed)
Piperine, a major alkaloid constituent of black pepper, exerted it anti angiogenic effect to cause apoptosis in some cancer cell lines such as in inhibited the proliferation and G(1)/S transition of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) without causing cell death, as well as collagen-induced angiogenic activity by rat aorta explants and breast cancer cell-induced angiogenesis in chick embryos. Piperine in the co administration with curcumin, enhancing the functions of curcumin in suppression of many diseases including angiogenesis.
References
(1) Piperine, a dietary phytochemical, inhibits angiogenesis by Doucette CD, Hilchie AL, Liwski R, Hoskin DW.(PubMed)
(2) Biological activities of curcumin and its analogues (Congeners) made by man and Mother Nature by Anand P, Thomas SG, Kunnumakkara AB, Sundaram C, Harikumar KB, Sung B, Tharakan ST, Misra K, Priyadarsini IK, Rajasekharan KN, Aggarwal BB.(PubMed)
5. Phytochmical Piperind and analgesic and anticonvulsant effects
Piperine is a phytochemical alkaloid in the class of organosulfur compound, found abundantly in white and black pepper, long pepper, etc.
Analgesic is a reduced pain agent
Anticonvulsant is type of medicines in preventing and treating convulsions (seizures)
The health benefits
Piperine effectiveness in exerting it analgesic and anticonvulsant effects in treating pain and epilepsy may be a result of its mediated function via opioid and GABA (main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system)-ergic pathways.
References
(1) The analgesic and anticonvulsant effects of piperine in mice by Bukhari IA, Pivac N, Alhumayyd MS, Mahesar AL, Gilani AH.(PubMed)
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6. Phytochemical Piperine and Obesity's inflammatory metabolic dysfunctions
Piperine is a phytochemical alkaloid in the class of organosulfur compound, found abundantly in white and black pepper, long pepper, etc.
Obesity is defined as a medical condition of excess body fat has accumulated overtime, while overweight is a condition of excess body weight relatively to the height. According to the Body Mass Index(BMI), a BMI between 25 to 29.9 is considered over weight, while a BMI of over 30 is an indication of obesity. According to the statistic, 68% of American population are either overweight or obese.
The health benefits
Study of combination of bioactive food ingredients, including piperine in Forty-one patients and 45 pients in control group, showed a significantly greater decrease in insulin resistance, with leptin, ghrelin, C-reactive protein decreased and resting energy expenditure increased significantly in the supplemented group compared to the placebo. In mice fed with high fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis, administration of piperine (50 mg/kg body weight) significant increased in plasma adiponectin levels, induced elevated plasma concentrations of insulin and glucose. Piperine also reversed HFD-induced down-regulation of adiponecitn-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)( a metabolic enzyme in controls a number of metabolic pathways) signalling molecules linking to lipogenesis, fatty acid oxidation and insulin signalling in the livers of mice. Also in Male Wistar rats fed with high fat diet study, piperine supplementation also improved the plasma levels of apo A-I, T3, T4, testosterone, and I and significantly reduced apo B, TSH, and insulin to near normal levels.
References
(1) Improvement in insulin resistance and favourable changes in plasma inflammatory adipokines after weight loss associated with two months' consumption of a combination of bioactive food ingredients in overweight subjects by Rondanelli M, Opizzi A, Perna S, Faliva M, Solerte SB, Fioravanti M, Klersy C, Cava E, Paolini M, Scavone L, Ceccarelli P, Castellaneta E, Savina C, Donini LM.(PubMed)
(2) Piperine reverses high fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance in mice by Choi S, Choi Y, Choi Y, Kim S, Jang J, Park T.(PubMed)
(3) Piperine, an active principle from Piper nigrum, modulates hormonal and apo lipoprotein profiles in hyperlipidemic rats by Vijayakumar RS, Nalini N.(PubMed)
7. Phytochemical Piperine and diabestes
Piperine is a phytochemical alkaloid in the class of organosulfur compound, found abundantly in white and black pepper, long pepper, etc.
Diabetes is defined as a condition caused by insufficient insulin entering the bloodstream to regulate the glucose. It is either caused by cells in pancreas dying off or receptor sites clogged up by fat and cholesterol. In some cases, diabetes is also caused by allergic reactions of cells in the immune system.
The health benefits
Administration of piperine isolated from the fruits of Piper nigrum crude extract diabestes induced in albino mice using alloxan, showed the crude extract exhibit its anti-diabetic effect inducing a significant blood glucose lowering at dose of 20 mg/kg on day 14. In other alloxan-induced diabetic models study, piperine (10 mg/kg) significantly increased the dose-dependent anti-hyperglycemic activity of nateglinide(a drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes), leading to synergistic anti-hyperglycemic activity of the diabetic medicine. In diabetes-induced oxidative stress in 30-day streptozotocin-induced diabetic Sprague-Dawley rats, piperine treatment (10 mg/kg/day, intraperitoneally for 14 days) reversed the diabetic effects on oxidized glutathione concentration in brain, on renal glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities, and on cardiac glutathione reductase activity and lipid peroxidation.
Reference
(1) Evaluation of the effect of piperine per se on blood glucose level in alloxan-induced diabetic mice by Atal S, Agrawal RP, Vyas S, Phadnis P, Rai N.(PubMed)
(2) Effect of piperine on antihyperglycemic activity and pharmacokinetic profile of nateglinide by Sama V, Nadipelli M, Yenumula P, Bommineni MR, Mullangi R.(PubMed)
(3) Effects of piperine on antioxidant pathways in tissues from normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats by Rauscher FM, Sanders RA, Watkins JB 3rd.(PubMed)
8. Piperine and allergic effect
Piperine is a phytochemical alkaloid in the class of organosulfur compound, found abundantly in white and black pepper, long pepper, etc.
The health benefits
In picryl chloride (PC)-induced ear swelling in PC sensitized mice, PN-ext exhibited its histamine release inhibitory activity, in vitro on compound 48/80-induced histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells. Piperine (4.5 and 2.25 mg/kg) orally administered 5 times a week for 8 weeks in a murine model of asthma, showed an effectiveness in suppressed eosinophil infiltration, allergic airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness by suppression of the production of interleukin-4, interleukin-5(white blood cells expression), immunoglobulin E and histamine
References
(1) Histamine release inhibitory activity of Piper nigrum leaf by Hirata N, Naruto S, Inaba K, Itoh K, Tokunaga M, Iinuma M, Matsuda H.(PubMed)
(2) Piperine inhibits eosinophil infiltration and airway hyperresponsiveness by suppressing T cell activity and Th2 cytokine production in the ovalbumin-induced asthma model by Kim SH, Lee YC.(PubMed)
9. Piperine and immunity
Piperine is a phytochemical alkaloid in the class of organosulfur compound, found abundantly in white and black pepper, long pepper, etc.
The immune system is the set of cells and their activity against antigens or infectious agents that comprises of the body's defense system against diseases. The immune system does a great job of keeping people healthy and preventing infections. Beside foods and nutritional supplements, herbs also play a important role in helping the immune system defend against viruses and bacteria attacks.
The health benefits
Ethanolic extract of fruits of Piper longum L.(PLE) and piperine was found to inhibit the lethal action of venom both in the in vitro lethality neutralization assay and in vivo lethality neutralization assay against Russell's viper venom in mice by enhancing production of antigen and antibodies response.
In the study of the same subject, administration of PLE and piperine significantly (p<0.01) inhibited venom induced lethality, haemorrhage, necrosis, defibrinogenation and inflammatory paw edema in mice in a dose dependent manner, reduced venom induced mast cell degranulation in rats.
References
(1) Production of high titre antibody response against Russell's viper venom in mice immunized with ethanolic extract of fruits of Piper longum L. (Piperaceae) and piperine by Shenoy PA, Nipate SS, Sonpetkar JM, Salvi NC, Waghmare AB, Chaudhari PD.(PubMed)
(2) Anti-snake venom activities of ethanolic extract of fruits of Piper longum L. (Piperaceae) against Russell's viper venom: characterization of piperine as active principle by Shenoy PA, Nipate SS, Sonpetkar JM, Salvi NC, Waghmare AB, Chaudhari PD.(PubMed)
10. Piperine and asthma
Piperine is a phytochemical alkaloid in the class of organosulfur compound, found abundantly in white and black pepper, long pepper, etc.
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the air way of the lung with recurring symptoms, such as wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, and coughing.
The health benefits
Study of bacterial infections causes of frequent respiratory infections, including bacterial infections provoke asthma attack, showed a positive effect of Piper Longum L. Extract (20% Piperine) in exhibition of a moderate activity antibacterial activity against selected strains, such as Haemophilus influenzae , Streptococcus pneumoniae , Streptococcus pyrogene and Staphylococcus aureus. In the study of antioxidant defenses of asthma patient, Piper longum extract (20% Piperine) showed a potent antioxidant activiy by scavenging Nitric oxide to prevent the bronchial inflammation in asthmatic patients.
References
(1) Effect of selected antiasthmatic plant constituents against micro organism causing upper respiratory tract infection by Nilani P, Duraisamy B, Dhamodaran P, Ravichandran S, Elango K.(PubMed)
(2) Invitro antioxidant activity of selected antiasthmatic herbal constituents by Nilani P, Kasthuribai N, Duraisamy B, Dhamodaran P, Ravichandran S, Ilango K, Suresh B.(PubMed)
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Thursday, 8 May 2014
Herbal Calendula (Calendula officinalis)
Calendula is also known as pot marigold, a annual or perennial herbaceous
plants of about 12–20 species of genus Calendula, belonging to the
family Asteraceae, native to Southern Europe. It has been used in herbal
medicine as spasmolytic, spasmogenic, inflammatory effects and to treat
abdominal cramps, wound healing, skin diseases, colitis, constipation,
etc.
Ingredients
Beside major chemical constituents of triterpenoids, flavonoids, coumarines, quinones, volatile oil,carotenoids and amino acids, the herb also contains loliolide (calendin), calendulin and n-paraffins
1. Herbal Calendula (Calendula officinalis) and skin
India and many place in the world. Essential oil of Calendula flowers has found effectively used as topical cream to protect against sun radiation damage as well as maintaining the natural pigments of skin. Others in the study of the same with cutaneous application of the essential oil, showed a most effective result as creams containing 4% and 5% of Calendula essential oil caused a significant decrease oxidative stress found in malonyldialdehyde level, whereas the levels of antioxidants (catalaseEzyme, glutathione, superoxide dismutase, ascorbic acid) and the total protein level were significantly increased after 1 month of daily irradiation and treatment. Calendula extract used in the study on the mechanical parameters of the skin by using the cutometer, showed newly formulated topical cream of Calendula officinalis extract exerted its protection of skin in significant improvements in hydration and firmness. Even with the result of the studies, some researchers suggested that many data are needed such as current concentration of use data, ultraviolet (UV) absorption data, photosensitization data, dermal reproductive/developmental toxicity data; inhalation toxicity data, etc before the essential oil of Herbal Calendula can be used as ingredients of cosmetic products.
References
(1) Phytochemical Constituents and PharmacologicalActivities of Calendula officinalis Linn (Asteraceae): AReview by BP Muley, SS Khadabadi and NB Banarase (Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research)
(2) Assessment of In vitro Sun Protection Factor of Calendula Officinalis L. (Asteraceae) Essential Oil Formulation by Mishra A, Mishra A, Chattopadhyay P.(PubMed)
(3) Effects of Calendula Essential Oil-Based Cream on Biochemical Parameters of Skin of Albino Rats against Ultraviolet B Radiation by Mishra AK, Mishra A, Verma A, Chattopadhyay P.(PubMed)
(3) Final report on the safety assessment of Calendula officinalis extract and Calendula officinalis.
The benefits
Calendula officinalis flower extract has been used to effective in treating inflammatory causes of edema in a carrageenan and dextran-induced acute paw edema model by 41.9 and 42.4% respectively in oral administration of 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight, by the inhibition of proinflammatory cytokines and Cox-2 and subsequent prostaglandin synthesis. Study the anti-inflammatory activity of three new terpenoids, also indicated that the new chemical constituent found in calendula protected agains inhibition of croton oil induced ear oedema in mouse.
References
(1) Phytochemical Constituents and PharmacologicalActivities of Calendula officinalis Linn (Asteraceae): AReview by BP Muley, SS Khadabadi and NB Banarase (Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research)
(2)Anti-inflammatory activity of flower extract of Calendula officinalis Linn. and its possible mechanism of action by Preethi KC, Kuttan G, Kuttan R.(PubMed)(3) Improved anti-inflammatory activity of three new terpenoids derived, by systematic chemical modifications, from the abundant triterpenes of the flowery plant Calendula officinalis by Neukirch H, D'Ambrosio M, Sosa S, Altinier G, Della Loggia R, Guerriero A.(PubMed)
3. Herbal Calendula and chronic blepharitis and dry eye syndrome
Chronic blepharitis is a condition of chronic inflammation of the eyelid, depending to its severity.
The study of a total of 110 patients aged from 3 to 42 years old with chronic blepharitis treatment: 50 patients with chronic blepharitis and dry eye syndrome, moist warm pads eyelid massage with blepharolotion and calendula extraction showed to improve efficacy in patients with meibomian gland hypofunction and have no effect in blepharitis with excessive meibomian gland secretion(1)
References
(1) [Efficacy of physiotherapy and hygienic procedures in treatment of adults and children with chronic blepharitis and dry eye syndrome].[Article in Russian] by Prozornaia LP, Brzhevskiĭ VV.(PubMed)
4. Herbal Calendula and Neuroprotective effects
Neuro protective effect is defined of a protection against harmful of the brain.
In 3-NP-induced neurotoxicity in rats, Calendula officinalis Linn. flower extract (COE) showed asignificantly attenuated behavioral alterations, oxidative damage and striatal neuronal loss, probably through its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and estrogenic properties(1). Monosodium glutamate (MSG) a popular flavour enhancer used in food industries may cause neurotoxicity if excess intake.
In neurotoxic mice induced by excess intake of MSG, the similar extract also significantly attenuated behavioral alterations, oxidative stress, and hippocampal damage(2)
References
(1) Protective effect of Calendula officinalis Linn. flowers against 3-nitropropionic acid induced experimental Huntington's disease in rats by Shivasharan BD1, Nagakannan P, Thippeswamy BS, Veerapur VP, Bansal P, Unnikrishnan MK(PubMed)
(2) Protective Effect of Calendula officinalis L. Flowers Against Monosodium Glutamate Induced Oxidative Stress and Excitotoxic Brain Damage in Rats by Shivasharan BD, Nagakannan P, Thippeswamy BS, Veerapur VP(PubMed)
5. Herbal Calendula and Atherosclerosis
Edema is a condition of accumulation of fluid in the interstitial spaces, causes of swelling in the feet, ankles and legs.
The study of natural products including botanicals for both therapy of clinical manifestations of atherosclerosis and reduction of atherosclerosis risk, showed a positive effects of herbal Caendula in reduced risk of atherosclerosis and progression of the disease(1). Inflaminat, a composition of (calendula, elder, and violet), which possesses anti-cytokine activity, showed to cause the regression of carotid atherosclerosis(2). Other composition, including calendula, elder, and pansy showed to enhanced maximum antiinflammatory activity. Thus can be used for pathogenetic therapy of various inflammatory diseases, including atherosclerosis(3).
References
(1) Anti-atherosclerotic therapy based on botanicals by Orekhov AN1, Sobenin IA, Korneev NV, Kirichenko TV, Myasoedova VA, Melnichenko AA, Balcells M, Edelman ER, Bobryshev YV.(PubMed)
(2) Direct anti-atherosclerotic therapy; development of natural anti-atherosclerotic drugs preventing cellular cholesterol retention by Orekhov AN(PubMed)
(3) Use of natural products in anticytokine therapy by Gorchakova TV1, Suprun IV, Sobenin IA, Orekhov AN(PubMed)
6. Side effects
1. Calendula may cause allergic effect to certain people, symptoms include rash, itching, swelling, dizziness, trouble breathing, etc.
2. Do not use Calendula if you are pregnant or breast feeding, diabetes, alcohol dependence or liver disease with out consulting with related field specialist
3. Overdose can be Poisson. Etc.
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Ingredients
Beside major chemical constituents of triterpenoids, flavonoids, coumarines, quinones, volatile oil,carotenoids and amino acids, the herb also contains loliolide (calendin), calendulin and n-paraffins
1. Herbal Calendula (Calendula officinalis) and skin
India and many place in the world. Essential oil of Calendula flowers has found effectively used as topical cream to protect against sun radiation damage as well as maintaining the natural pigments of skin. Others in the study of the same with cutaneous application of the essential oil, showed a most effective result as creams containing 4% and 5% of Calendula essential oil caused a significant decrease oxidative stress found in malonyldialdehyde level, whereas the levels of antioxidants (catalaseEzyme, glutathione, superoxide dismutase, ascorbic acid) and the total protein level were significantly increased after 1 month of daily irradiation and treatment. Calendula extract used in the study on the mechanical parameters of the skin by using the cutometer, showed newly formulated topical cream of Calendula officinalis extract exerted its protection of skin in significant improvements in hydration and firmness. Even with the result of the studies, some researchers suggested that many data are needed such as current concentration of use data, ultraviolet (UV) absorption data, photosensitization data, dermal reproductive/developmental toxicity data; inhalation toxicity data, etc before the essential oil of Herbal Calendula can be used as ingredients of cosmetic products.
References
(1) Phytochemical Constituents and PharmacologicalActivities of Calendula officinalis Linn (Asteraceae): AReview by BP Muley, SS Khadabadi and NB Banarase (Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research)
(2) Assessment of In vitro Sun Protection Factor of Calendula Officinalis L. (Asteraceae) Essential Oil Formulation by Mishra A, Mishra A, Chattopadhyay P.(PubMed)
(3) Effects of Calendula Essential Oil-Based Cream on Biochemical Parameters of Skin of Albino Rats against Ultraviolet B Radiation by Mishra AK, Mishra A, Verma A, Chattopadhyay P.(PubMed)
(3) Final report on the safety assessment of Calendula officinalis extract and Calendula officinalis.
[No authors listed](PubMed)
(4) Calendula extract: effects on mechanical parameters of human skin by Akhtar N, Zaman SU, Khan BA, Amir MN, Ebrahimzadeh MA.(PubMed)
2. Herbal Calendula (Calendula officinalis) and edema
Edema is a condition of accumulation of fluid in the interstitial spaces, causes of swelling in the feet, ankles and legs.
The benefits
Calendula officinalis flower extract has been used to effective in treating inflammatory causes of edema in a carrageenan and dextran-induced acute paw edema model by 41.9 and 42.4% respectively in oral administration of 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight, by the inhibition of proinflammatory cytokines and Cox-2 and subsequent prostaglandin synthesis. Study the anti-inflammatory activity of three new terpenoids, also indicated that the new chemical constituent found in calendula protected agains inhibition of croton oil induced ear oedema in mouse.
References
(1) Phytochemical Constituents and PharmacologicalActivities of Calendula officinalis Linn (Asteraceae): AReview by BP Muley, SS Khadabadi and NB Banarase (Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research)
(2)Anti-inflammatory activity of flower extract of Calendula officinalis Linn. and its possible mechanism of action by Preethi KC, Kuttan G, Kuttan R.(PubMed)(3) Improved anti-inflammatory activity of three new terpenoids derived, by systematic chemical modifications, from the abundant triterpenes of the flowery plant Calendula officinalis by Neukirch H, D'Ambrosio M, Sosa S, Altinier G, Della Loggia R, Guerriero A.(PubMed)
3. Herbal Calendula and chronic blepharitis and dry eye syndrome
Chronic blepharitis is a condition of chronic inflammation of the eyelid, depending to its severity.
The study of a total of 110 patients aged from 3 to 42 years old with chronic blepharitis treatment: 50 patients with chronic blepharitis and dry eye syndrome, moist warm pads eyelid massage with blepharolotion and calendula extraction showed to improve efficacy in patients with meibomian gland hypofunction and have no effect in blepharitis with excessive meibomian gland secretion(1)
References
(1) [Efficacy of physiotherapy and hygienic procedures in treatment of adults and children with chronic blepharitis and dry eye syndrome].[Article in Russian] by Prozornaia LP, Brzhevskiĭ VV.(PubMed)
4. Herbal Calendula and Neuroprotective effects
Neuro protective effect is defined of a protection against harmful of the brain.
In 3-NP-induced neurotoxicity in rats, Calendula officinalis Linn. flower extract (COE) showed asignificantly attenuated behavioral alterations, oxidative damage and striatal neuronal loss, probably through its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and estrogenic properties(1). Monosodium glutamate (MSG) a popular flavour enhancer used in food industries may cause neurotoxicity if excess intake.
In neurotoxic mice induced by excess intake of MSG, the similar extract also significantly attenuated behavioral alterations, oxidative stress, and hippocampal damage(2)
References
(1) Protective effect of Calendula officinalis Linn. flowers against 3-nitropropionic acid induced experimental Huntington's disease in rats by Shivasharan BD1, Nagakannan P, Thippeswamy BS, Veerapur VP, Bansal P, Unnikrishnan MK(PubMed)
(2) Protective Effect of Calendula officinalis L. Flowers Against Monosodium Glutamate Induced Oxidative Stress and Excitotoxic Brain Damage in Rats by Shivasharan BD, Nagakannan P, Thippeswamy BS, Veerapur VP(PubMed)
5. Herbal Calendula and Atherosclerosis
Edema is a condition of accumulation of fluid in the interstitial spaces, causes of swelling in the feet, ankles and legs.
The study of natural products including botanicals for both therapy of clinical manifestations of atherosclerosis and reduction of atherosclerosis risk, showed a positive effects of herbal Caendula in reduced risk of atherosclerosis and progression of the disease(1). Inflaminat, a composition of (calendula, elder, and violet), which possesses anti-cytokine activity, showed to cause the regression of carotid atherosclerosis(2). Other composition, including calendula, elder, and pansy showed to enhanced maximum antiinflammatory activity. Thus can be used for pathogenetic therapy of various inflammatory diseases, including atherosclerosis(3).
References
(1) Anti-atherosclerotic therapy based on botanicals by Orekhov AN1, Sobenin IA, Korneev NV, Kirichenko TV, Myasoedova VA, Melnichenko AA, Balcells M, Edelman ER, Bobryshev YV.(PubMed)
(2) Direct anti-atherosclerotic therapy; development of natural anti-atherosclerotic drugs preventing cellular cholesterol retention by Orekhov AN(PubMed)
(3) Use of natural products in anticytokine therapy by Gorchakova TV1, Suprun IV, Sobenin IA, Orekhov AN(PubMed)
6. Side effects
1. Calendula may cause allergic effect to certain people, symptoms include rash, itching, swelling, dizziness, trouble breathing, etc.
2. Do not use Calendula if you are pregnant or breast feeding, diabetes, alcohol dependence or liver disease with out consulting with related field specialist
3. Overdose can be Poisson. Etc.
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
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Papaya and Cellular oxidative stress
Papaya is a species of Carica Papaya, belongs to the family
Caricaceae and native to the tropics of the Americas, and was first
cultivated in Mexico and several centuries
Nutrients
1. Carbohydrates
2. Sugars
3. Fiber
4. Protein
5. Vitamin A
6. Thiamine (Vitamin B1)
7. Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)
8. Niacin (Vitamin B3)
9. Vitamin B6
10. Vitamin C
11. Vitamin E
12. Vitamin K
13. Calcium
14. Iron
15. Magnesium
16. Phosphorus
17. Potassium
18. Sodium
19. Etc.
Chemical constituents
Alkaloids, Cardenolides, Anthraquinones, Saponins, Tannin, phenol, flavonoid, anthocyanin, Benzyl glucosinolate, benzylisothiocyanate, 5-(Hydroxymethyl)-2-furancarboxaldehyde, 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one and 1,3-dihydroxy-2-propanone, etc.(a).
Papaya and Cellular oxidative stress
In Azoxymethane (AOM) induced oxidative stress and carcinogenesis in rat colon and oxidative stress-induced insult in human SH-SY5Y neuronal cells, papaya peel extract (PapPE) and papaya epicarp extract (PEE) showed to significantly ameliorated the cytotoxic effects through its potent anti-oxidant activities(1)(2)as well as in reducing the neurological health diseases associated with various oxidative stress insults(3). Fermented papaya preparation (FPP), according to Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, exhibited ROS scavenging effect on blood cells in vitro or in vivo (in thalassemic patients and experimental animals), through its related antioxidant mechanism, at least in part, to iron chelation(4).
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Researched articles - Points of view of Vitamins, Foods and Herbs
http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/blog-page_24.html
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References
(a) Chemical composition and bioactivity of dried fruits and honey of Ficus carica cultivars Dottato, San Francesco and Citrullara by Loizzo MR1, Bonesi M, Pugliese A, Menichini F, Tundis R.(PubMed)
(1) Amelioration of azoxymethane induced-carcinogenesis by reducing oxidative stress in rat colon by natural extracts by Waly MI, Al-Rawahi AS, Al Riyami M, Al-Kindi MA, Al-Issaei HK, Farooq SA, Al-Alawi A, Rahman MS1.(PubMed)
(2) Papaya epicarp extract protects against aluminum-induced neurotoxicity by Waly MI1, Guizani N, Ali A, Rahman MS.(PubMed)
(3) Papaya epicarp extract protects against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in human SH-SY5Y neuronal cells by Guizani N1, Waly MI, Ali A, Al-Saidi G, Singh V, Bhatt N, Rahman MS.(PubMed)
(3) The antioxidant effect of fermented papaya preparation involves iron chelation by Prus E1, Fibach E.(PubMed)
Nutrients
1. Carbohydrates
2. Sugars
3. Fiber
4. Protein
5. Vitamin A
6. Thiamine (Vitamin B1)
7. Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)
8. Niacin (Vitamin B3)
9. Vitamin B6
10. Vitamin C
11. Vitamin E
12. Vitamin K
13. Calcium
14. Iron
15. Magnesium
16. Phosphorus
17. Potassium
18. Sodium
19. Etc.
Chemical constituents
Alkaloids, Cardenolides, Anthraquinones, Saponins, Tannin, phenol, flavonoid, anthocyanin, Benzyl glucosinolate, benzylisothiocyanate, 5-(Hydroxymethyl)-2-furancarboxaldehyde, 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one and 1,3-dihydroxy-2-propanone, etc.(a).
Papaya and Cellular oxidative stress
In Azoxymethane (AOM) induced oxidative stress and carcinogenesis in rat colon and oxidative stress-induced insult in human SH-SY5Y neuronal cells, papaya peel extract (PapPE) and papaya epicarp extract (PEE) showed to significantly ameliorated the cytotoxic effects through its potent anti-oxidant activities(1)(2)as well as in reducing the neurological health diseases associated with various oxidative stress insults(3). Fermented papaya preparation (FPP), according to Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, exhibited ROS scavenging effect on blood cells in vitro or in vivo (in thalassemic patients and experimental animals), through its related antioxidant mechanism, at least in part, to iron chelation(4).
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Researched articles - Points of view of Vitamins, Foods and Herbs
http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/blog-page_24.html
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
References
(a) Chemical composition and bioactivity of dried fruits and honey of Ficus carica cultivars Dottato, San Francesco and Citrullara by Loizzo MR1, Bonesi M, Pugliese A, Menichini F, Tundis R.(PubMed)
(1) Amelioration of azoxymethane induced-carcinogenesis by reducing oxidative stress in rat colon by natural extracts by Waly MI, Al-Rawahi AS, Al Riyami M, Al-Kindi MA, Al-Issaei HK, Farooq SA, Al-Alawi A, Rahman MS1.(PubMed)
(2) Papaya epicarp extract protects against aluminum-induced neurotoxicity by Waly MI1, Guizani N, Ali A, Rahman MS.(PubMed)
(3) Papaya epicarp extract protects against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in human SH-SY5Y neuronal cells by Guizani N1, Waly MI, Ali A, Al-Saidi G, Singh V, Bhatt N, Rahman MS.(PubMed)
(3) The antioxidant effect of fermented papaya preparation involves iron chelation by Prus E1, Fibach E.(PubMed)
Hot Jalapeno Poppers
Recipe contributed by Quick and easy family favorites (by Vickie and JoAnn)
This is sure to be a favorite appetizer for those love a bit of heat in every bite
16 whole preserved jalapeno peppers
2 (8 oz. pkg. cream cheese, softened
1 egg, beaten
1 cup dry bread crumbles
1/2 cup vegetable oil
Open the end of each pepper with a small knife to remove the stem and seeds. using a pastry tube or a small sandwich bag with one corner cut off, fill each pepper with cream cheese, coat peppers in beaten egg and then dip in bread crumbles
Heat oil in a large skillet over medium heat, carefully place peppers in the pan and cook until golden, turning occasionally. Grain on paper towels. Serve 4.
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Researched articles - Points of view of Vitamins, Foods and Herbs
http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/blog-page_24.html
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
This is sure to be a favorite appetizer for those love a bit of heat in every bite
16 whole preserved jalapeno peppers
2 (8 oz. pkg. cream cheese, softened
1 egg, beaten
1 cup dry bread crumbles
1/2 cup vegetable oil
Open the end of each pepper with a small knife to remove the stem and seeds. using a pastry tube or a small sandwich bag with one corner cut off, fill each pepper with cream cheese, coat peppers in beaten egg and then dip in bread crumbles
Heat oil in a large skillet over medium heat, carefully place peppers in the pan and cook until golden, turning occasionally. Grain on paper towels. Serve 4.
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Researched articles - Points of view of Vitamins, Foods and Herbs
http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/blog-page_24.html
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Wednesday, 7 May 2014
Herbal Cascara Sagrada (Rhamnus purshiana) (2)
Cascara sagrada is a species of buckthorn, genus Rhamnus,
belonging to the family Rhamnaceae, native to western North America,
it's bark has been used in traditional medicine for gastrointestinal
support. and it is thought to have a laxative and natural cleansing, etc., effect.
The Ingredients
The chemical constituents of Cascara Sagrada include Aloe-emodin, Anthrquinone glycosides (Barbaloin Cascarosides A, B, C and D ChrysaloinFrangul), Chrysophanol, Emodin, Heterodianthrones palmidin A, B, and C, dianthrones, Oxanthrone, Rhein, Tannins, etc.
1. Herbal Cascara Sagrada (Rhamnus purshiana) and Constipation
Cascara sagrada is a species of buckthorn, genus Rhamnus, belonging to the family Rhamnaceae, native to western North America, it's bark has been used in traditional medicine for gastrointestinal support. and it is thought to have a laxative and natural cleansing, etc.,
Constipation is a condition of bowel movements that are infrequent or hard to pass. Statistic showed that constipation most often are women, adults ages 65 and older. Constipation is highly prevalent, with approximately 12 million general practitioner prescriptions for laxatives in England in 2001.
The Ingredients
The chemical constituents of Cascara Sagrada include Aloe-emodin, Anthrquinone glycosides (Barbaloin Cascarosides A, B, C and D ChrysaloinFrangul), Chrysophanol, Emodin, Heterodianthrones palmidin A, B, and C, dianthrones, Oxanthrone, Rhein, Tannins, etc.
The benefits
Constipation is highly prevalent, with approximately 12 million general practitioner prescriptions for laxatives in England in 2001. Cascara Sagrada, the herb used as laxative in herbal medicine may be a potential use to treat constipation. Other in the study of Effect of ear mushroom (Auricularia) on functional constipation, showed a positive result of Both ear mushrooms alone and ear mushrooms with additives (including Cascara Sagrada) in significantly improved number of bowel movement, straining, sense of incomplete evacuation, stool consistency and satisfactory relief in patients with functional chronic constipation. 'Fiber 7' supplement used in oral diet has found to be effective to allow discontinuation of laxatives in 63 of 92 nursing home residents
References
(1) Rhamnus purshiana (Cascara)
(2) Constipation in adults. by Mueller-Lissner SA, Wald A.(PubMed)
(3) [Effect of ear mushroom (Auricularia) on functional constipation].[Article in Korean] by Kim TI, Park SJ, Choi CH, Lee SK, Kim WH.(PubMed)
2. Herbal Cascara Sagrada (Rhamnus purshiana) and type 2 diabetes
Cascara sagrada is a species of buckthorn, genus Rhamnus, belonging to the family Rhamnaceae, native to western North America, it's bark has been used in traditional medicine for gastrointestinal support. and it is thought to have a laxative and natural cleansing, etc.,
Diabetes is defined as a condition caused by insufficient insulin entering the bloodstream to regulate the glucose. It is either caused by cells in pancreas dying off or receptor sites clogged up by fat and cholesterol. In some cases, diabetes is also caused by allergic reactions of cells in the immune system.
The Ingredients
The chemical constituents of Cascara Sagrada include Aloe-emodin, Anthrquinone glycosides (Barbaloin Cascarosides A, B, C and D ChrysaloinFrangul), Chrysophanol, Emodin, Heterodianthrones palmidin A, B, and C, dianthrones, Oxanthrone, Rhein, Tannins, etc.
The benefits
Emodin, a natural component of Cascara Sagrada, beside stimulates AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) activity in skeletal muscle and liver cells, it also is found effectively in treating insulin sensitivity by regulating the glucose homeostasis, through AMPK activation, representing a novel therapeutic principle in the treatment of type 2 diabetic models. The Tsinghua University and Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica in the study of emodin also support the use of emodin in treating diabetes and metabolic syndrome
References
(1) Emodin regulates glucose utilization by activating AMP-activated protein kinase by Song P, Kim JH, Ghim J, Yoon JH, Lee A, Kwon Y, Hyun H, Moon HY, Choi HS, Berggren PO, Suh PG, Ryu SH.(PubMed)
(2) Promotion of adiponectin multimerization by emodin: a novel AMPK activator with PPARγ-agonist activity by Chen Z, Zhang L, Yi J, Yang Z, Zhang Z, Li Z.(PubMed)
(3) Emodin, a natural product, selectively inhibits 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 and ameliorates metabolic disorder in diet-induced obese mice by Feng Y, Huang SL, Dou W, Zhang S, Chen JH, Shen Y, Shen JH, Leng Y.(PubMed)
3. Herbal Cascara Sagrada (Rhamnus purshiana) and Pancreatic cancer
Cascara sagrada is a species of buckthorn, genus Rhamnus, belonging to the family Rhamnaceae, native to western North America, it's bark has been used in traditional medicine for gastrointestinal support. and it is thought to have a laxative and natural cleansing, etc..
Cancer of pancreas or pancreatic cancer is defined as condition of a malignant neoplasm of the pancreas, as the cells have become cancerous and divided uncontrollably. Most pancreatic cancers start in the ducts (exocrine component of the pancreas) that carry pancreatic juices with cancer of an epithelium that originates in glandular tissue accounts for over 75 - 90% of all cases of exocrine cancers.
The Ingredients
The chemical constituents of Cascara Sagrada include Aloe-emodin, Anthrquinone glycosides (Barbaloin Cascarosides A, B, C and D ChrysaloinFrangul), Chrysophanol, Emodin, Heterodianthrones palmidin A, B, and C, dianthrones, Oxanthrone, Rhein, Tannins, etc.
The benefits
Emodin, found in Cascara Sagrada have showed in some studies as a potential source in treating many types of cancer. In panceatic cancer, the chemical constutents exerted its anti-tumor effect on via its dual role in the promotion of apoptosis and suppression of angiogenesisa. Other studies by the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Emodin and gemcitabine conbination potentiate the inhibition of pancreatic cancer growth induced by gemcitabine both in vitro and in vivo, which might be achieved by up-regulating the expression of Bax and down-regulating the expression of Bcl-2.
References
(1) Antitumor activity of emodin against pancreatic cancer depends on its dual role: promotion of apoptosis and suppression of angiogenesis by SZ, Wei WT, Chen H, Chen KJ, Tong HF, Wang ZH, Ni ZL, Liu HB, Guo HC, Liu DL.(PubMed)
(2) [Emodin combined gemcitabine inhibited the growth of pancreatic cancer in vitro and in vivo and its mechanisms study].[Article in Chinese] by u A, Luo J, Zhang JH. (PubMed)
4. Herbal Cascara Sagrada (Rhamnus purshiana) and Anti viral effects
Cascara sagrada is a species of buckthorn, genus Rhamnus, belonging to the family Rhamnaceae, native to western North America, it's bark has been used in traditional medicine for gastrointestinal support. and it is thought to have a laxative and natural cleansing, etc.,
Diabetes is defined as a condition caused by insufficient insulin entering the bloodstream to regulate the glucose. It is either caused by cells in pancreas dying off or receptor sites clogged up by fat and cholesterol. In some cases, diabetes is also caused by allergic reactions of cells in the immune system.
The Ingredients
The chemical constituents of Cascara Sagrada include Aloe-emodin, Anthrquinone glycosides (Barbaloin Cascarosides A, B, C and D ChrysaloinFrangul), Chrysophanol, Emodin, Heterodianthrones palmidin A, B, and C, dianthrones, Oxanthrone, Rhein, Tannins, etc.
The benefits
Hot glycerin extracts were prepared from some herbal plants, including Cascara Sagrada is found to be effective in exerting their anti viral activities including herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2. In the combined emodin plus Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) study, showed a weak but persistent inhibitory effect on HBV replication in vivo, which may function as a supplementary modality in the treatment of hepatitis B infection. In SARS, Isatis indigotica root extract, five major compounds of I. indigotica root, and seven plant-derived phenolic compounds were tested, only compounds aloe emodin and hesperetin dose-dependently inhibited cleavage activity of the 3CLpro,
References
(1) Inactivation of enveloped viruses by anthraquinones extracted from plants.Sydiskis RJ, Owen DG, Lohr JL, Rosler KH, Blomster RN.(PubMed)
(2) Inhibitory effect of emodin and Astragalus polysaccharide on the replication of HBV. by Dang SS, Jia XL, Song P, Cheng YA, Zhang X, Sun MZ, Liu EQ.(PubMed)
(3) Anti-SARS coronavirus 3C-like protease effects of Isatis indigotica root and plant-derived phenolic compounds by Lin CW, Tsai FJ, Tsai CH, Lai CC, Wan L, Ho TY, Hsieh CC, Chao PD.(PubMed)
5. Herbal Cascara Sagrada (Rhamnus purshiana) and Anti bacterial effects
The immune system is the set of cells and their activity against antigens or infectious agents that comprises of the body's defense system against diseases. The immune system does a great job of keeping people healthy and preventing infections. Beside foods and nutritional supplements, herbs also play a important role in helping the immune system defend against viruses and bacteria attacks.
The Benefits
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a substantial contributor to morbidity and mortality. emodin (EM), the major component found in Cascara Sagrada and many other plants conbined with ampicillin (AM) or oxacillin (OX) have a showed a positive effects against all strains resulted in a fractional inhibitory concentrations index (FICI) ranging from 0.37-0.5 and from 0.37-0.75, respectively. Other in the study of the effect of glycoside on the antibacterial activity of aloin, showed Aloe-emodin (inhibition diameter < 5.0 mm), changed the morphology of E. coli and damaged the outer cell structrue.
References
(1) Synergistic effect of emodin in combination with ampicillin or oxacillin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.by Lee YS, Kang OH, Choi JG, Oh YC, Keum JH, Kim SB, Jeong GS, Kim YC, Shin DW, Kwon DY.(PubMed)
(2) [Relationship between antibacterial activity of aloe and its anthaquinone compounds].
8. Herbal Cascara Sagrada (Rhamnus purshiana) and Liver cancer
Liver cancer is defined as a condition of out of controlled growth of hepatocellular cells in the liver. Since the organ is a soft tissue with less nerve, most liver cancer patient are diagnosed in the later stage of the cancer. According to the statistic, liver cancer remains the fifth most common malignancy in men and the eighth in women worldwide.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common form of primary liver cancer.
The Ingredients
The chemical constituents of Cascara Sagrada include Aloe-emodin, Anthrquinone glycosides (Barbaloin Cascarosides A, B, C and D ChrysaloinFrangul), Chrysophanol, Emodin, Heterodianthrones palmidin A, B, and C, dianthrones, Oxanthrone, Rhein, Tannins, etc.
1. Herbal Cascara Sagrada (Rhamnus purshiana) and Constipation
Cascara sagrada is a species of buckthorn, genus Rhamnus, belonging to the family Rhamnaceae, native to western North America, it's bark has been used in traditional medicine for gastrointestinal support. and it is thought to have a laxative and natural cleansing, etc.,
Constipation is a condition of bowel movements that are infrequent or hard to pass. Statistic showed that constipation most often are women, adults ages 65 and older. Constipation is highly prevalent, with approximately 12 million general practitioner prescriptions for laxatives in England in 2001.
The Ingredients
The chemical constituents of Cascara Sagrada include Aloe-emodin, Anthrquinone glycosides (Barbaloin Cascarosides A, B, C and D ChrysaloinFrangul), Chrysophanol, Emodin, Heterodianthrones palmidin A, B, and C, dianthrones, Oxanthrone, Rhein, Tannins, etc.
The benefits
Constipation is highly prevalent, with approximately 12 million general practitioner prescriptions for laxatives in England in 2001. Cascara Sagrada, the herb used as laxative in herbal medicine may be a potential use to treat constipation. Other in the study of Effect of ear mushroom (Auricularia) on functional constipation, showed a positive result of Both ear mushrooms alone and ear mushrooms with additives (including Cascara Sagrada) in significantly improved number of bowel movement, straining, sense of incomplete evacuation, stool consistency and satisfactory relief in patients with functional chronic constipation. 'Fiber 7' supplement used in oral diet has found to be effective to allow discontinuation of laxatives in 63 of 92 nursing home residents
References
(1) Rhamnus purshiana (Cascara)
(2) Constipation in adults. by Mueller-Lissner SA, Wald A.(PubMed)
(3) [Effect of ear mushroom (Auricularia) on functional constipation].[Article in Korean] by Kim TI, Park SJ, Choi CH, Lee SK, Kim WH.(PubMed)
2. Herbal Cascara Sagrada (Rhamnus purshiana) and type 2 diabetes
Cascara sagrada is a species of buckthorn, genus Rhamnus, belonging to the family Rhamnaceae, native to western North America, it's bark has been used in traditional medicine for gastrointestinal support. and it is thought to have a laxative and natural cleansing, etc.,
Diabetes is defined as a condition caused by insufficient insulin entering the bloodstream to regulate the glucose. It is either caused by cells in pancreas dying off or receptor sites clogged up by fat and cholesterol. In some cases, diabetes is also caused by allergic reactions of cells in the immune system.
The Ingredients
The chemical constituents of Cascara Sagrada include Aloe-emodin, Anthrquinone glycosides (Barbaloin Cascarosides A, B, C and D ChrysaloinFrangul), Chrysophanol, Emodin, Heterodianthrones palmidin A, B, and C, dianthrones, Oxanthrone, Rhein, Tannins, etc.
The benefits
Emodin, a natural component of Cascara Sagrada, beside stimulates AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) activity in skeletal muscle and liver cells, it also is found effectively in treating insulin sensitivity by regulating the glucose homeostasis, through AMPK activation, representing a novel therapeutic principle in the treatment of type 2 diabetic models. The Tsinghua University and Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica in the study of emodin also support the use of emodin in treating diabetes and metabolic syndrome
References
(1) Emodin regulates glucose utilization by activating AMP-activated protein kinase by Song P, Kim JH, Ghim J, Yoon JH, Lee A, Kwon Y, Hyun H, Moon HY, Choi HS, Berggren PO, Suh PG, Ryu SH.(PubMed)
(2) Promotion of adiponectin multimerization by emodin: a novel AMPK activator with PPARγ-agonist activity by Chen Z, Zhang L, Yi J, Yang Z, Zhang Z, Li Z.(PubMed)
(3) Emodin, a natural product, selectively inhibits 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 and ameliorates metabolic disorder in diet-induced obese mice by Feng Y, Huang SL, Dou W, Zhang S, Chen JH, Shen Y, Shen JH, Leng Y.(PubMed)
3. Herbal Cascara Sagrada (Rhamnus purshiana) and Pancreatic cancer
Cascara sagrada is a species of buckthorn, genus Rhamnus, belonging to the family Rhamnaceae, native to western North America, it's bark has been used in traditional medicine for gastrointestinal support. and it is thought to have a laxative and natural cleansing, etc..
Cancer of pancreas or pancreatic cancer is defined as condition of a malignant neoplasm of the pancreas, as the cells have become cancerous and divided uncontrollably. Most pancreatic cancers start in the ducts (exocrine component of the pancreas) that carry pancreatic juices with cancer of an epithelium that originates in glandular tissue accounts for over 75 - 90% of all cases of exocrine cancers.
The Ingredients
The chemical constituents of Cascara Sagrada include Aloe-emodin, Anthrquinone glycosides (Barbaloin Cascarosides A, B, C and D ChrysaloinFrangul), Chrysophanol, Emodin, Heterodianthrones palmidin A, B, and C, dianthrones, Oxanthrone, Rhein, Tannins, etc.
The benefits
Emodin, found in Cascara Sagrada have showed in some studies as a potential source in treating many types of cancer. In panceatic cancer, the chemical constutents exerted its anti-tumor effect on via its dual role in the promotion of apoptosis and suppression of angiogenesisa. Other studies by the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Emodin and gemcitabine conbination potentiate the inhibition of pancreatic cancer growth induced by gemcitabine both in vitro and in vivo, which might be achieved by up-regulating the expression of Bax and down-regulating the expression of Bcl-2.
References
(1) Antitumor activity of emodin against pancreatic cancer depends on its dual role: promotion of apoptosis and suppression of angiogenesis by SZ, Wei WT, Chen H, Chen KJ, Tong HF, Wang ZH, Ni ZL, Liu HB, Guo HC, Liu DL.(PubMed)
(2) [Emodin combined gemcitabine inhibited the growth of pancreatic cancer in vitro and in vivo and its mechanisms study].[Article in Chinese] by u A, Luo J, Zhang JH. (PubMed)
4. Herbal Cascara Sagrada (Rhamnus purshiana) and Anti viral effects
Cascara sagrada is a species of buckthorn, genus Rhamnus, belonging to the family Rhamnaceae, native to western North America, it's bark has been used in traditional medicine for gastrointestinal support. and it is thought to have a laxative and natural cleansing, etc.,
Diabetes is defined as a condition caused by insufficient insulin entering the bloodstream to regulate the glucose. It is either caused by cells in pancreas dying off or receptor sites clogged up by fat and cholesterol. In some cases, diabetes is also caused by allergic reactions of cells in the immune system.
The Ingredients
The chemical constituents of Cascara Sagrada include Aloe-emodin, Anthrquinone glycosides (Barbaloin Cascarosides A, B, C and D ChrysaloinFrangul), Chrysophanol, Emodin, Heterodianthrones palmidin A, B, and C, dianthrones, Oxanthrone, Rhein, Tannins, etc.
The benefits
Hot glycerin extracts were prepared from some herbal plants, including Cascara Sagrada is found to be effective in exerting their anti viral activities including herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2. In the combined emodin plus Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) study, showed a weak but persistent inhibitory effect on HBV replication in vivo, which may function as a supplementary modality in the treatment of hepatitis B infection. In SARS, Isatis indigotica root extract, five major compounds of I. indigotica root, and seven plant-derived phenolic compounds were tested, only compounds aloe emodin and hesperetin dose-dependently inhibited cleavage activity of the 3CLpro,
References
(1) Inactivation of enveloped viruses by anthraquinones extracted from plants.Sydiskis RJ, Owen DG, Lohr JL, Rosler KH, Blomster RN.(PubMed)
(2) Inhibitory effect of emodin and Astragalus polysaccharide on the replication of HBV. by Dang SS, Jia XL, Song P, Cheng YA, Zhang X, Sun MZ, Liu EQ.(PubMed)
(3) Anti-SARS coronavirus 3C-like protease effects of Isatis indigotica root and plant-derived phenolic compounds by Lin CW, Tsai FJ, Tsai CH, Lai CC, Wan L, Ho TY, Hsieh CC, Chao PD.(PubMed)
5. Herbal Cascara Sagrada (Rhamnus purshiana) and Anti bacterial effects
The immune system is the set of cells and their activity against antigens or infectious agents that comprises of the body's defense system against diseases. The immune system does a great job of keeping people healthy and preventing infections. Beside foods and nutritional supplements, herbs also play a important role in helping the immune system defend against viruses and bacteria attacks.
The Benefits
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a substantial contributor to morbidity and mortality. emodin (EM), the major component found in Cascara Sagrada and many other plants conbined with ampicillin (AM) or oxacillin (OX) have a showed a positive effects against all strains resulted in a fractional inhibitory concentrations index (FICI) ranging from 0.37-0.5 and from 0.37-0.75, respectively. Other in the study of the effect of glycoside on the antibacterial activity of aloin, showed Aloe-emodin (inhibition diameter < 5.0 mm), changed the morphology of E. coli and damaged the outer cell structrue.
References
(1) Synergistic effect of emodin in combination with ampicillin or oxacillin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.by Lee YS, Kang OH, Choi JG, Oh YC, Keum JH, Kim SB, Jeong GS, Kim YC, Shin DW, Kwon DY.(PubMed)
(2) [Relationship between antibacterial activity of aloe and its anthaquinone compounds].
[Article in Chinese] by Tian B, Hua YJ, Ma XQ, Wang GL.(PubMed)
6. Cascara Sagrada (Rhamnus purshiana) and breast cancer
6. Breast cancer (malignant breast neoplasm) is a cancer that starts in the tissues of the breast either from the inner lining of milk ducts (Ductal carcinoma) or the lobules (Lobular carcinoma) that
supply the ducts with milk. there is also rare cases that breast cancer
starts in other areas of the breast. In 2010, over 250,000 new cases of
breast cancer were expected to be diagnosed in women in the U.S. alone
and the risk of getting invasive breast cancer during life time of a
women is 1/8.
The benefits
Emodin and Aloe-Emodin, the 2 major conponents found in Cascara Sagrada, is found to be effective in inhibiting breast
cancer cell proliferation by downregulating ER α protein levels. Other
in the conbined study of Curcumin and emodin on tumor cell growth not
only provide insight into the mechanism of synergy between curcumin and emodin in breast cancer cells, but also suggest a new and potentially useful approach for breast
cancer therapy. Also in the study by the University, Hong Kong, emodin
is found to induce growth inhibition and apoptosis in MCF-7 cells
through the modulation of the expression of apoptosis-related genes.
References
(1) Emodin and Aloe-Emodin Suppress Breast Cancer Cell Proliferation through ER α Inhibition, byHuang PH, Huang CY, Chen MC, Lee YT, Yue CH, Wang HY, Lin H.(PubMed)
(2) Synergistic effects of curcumin with emodin against the proliferation and invasion of breast
cancer cells through upregulation of miR-34a. by Guo J, Li W, Shi H,
Xie X, Li L, Tang H, Wu M, Kong Y, Yang L, Gao J, Liu P, Wei W, Xie X.(PubMed)
(3) Emodin induces cytotoxic effect in human breast carcinoma MCF-7 cell through modulating the expression of apoptosis-related genes by Li WY, Chan RY, Yu PH, Chan SW.(PubMed)
7. Herbal Cascara Sagrada (Rhamnus purshiana) and Prostate cancer
Prostate cancer is defined as a
condition in which the cells of prostate has become cancerous, causing
abnormal cell growth which spread to the distant parts of the body.
Most prostate cancers are slow growing and enlarged prostate and
prostate cancer may be detected during the Physical (rectum) exams
The benefits
Aloe-emodin, a chemical constituent found in
Cascara Sagrada is found to inhibit both proliferation and
anchorage-independent growth of PC3 cells by targeting mTORC2. Other
major compound of emodin, Cascara Sagrada in the study of its effective
on prostate and lung cancers, showed to inhibit proliferation, induce
apoptosis, suppress angiogenesis, impede metastasis, and enhance
chemotherapy as a novel blocker of CXCR4 expression
References
(1) Aloe-emodin suppresses prostate
cancer by targeting the mTOR complex 2 by Liu K, Park C, Li S, Lee KW,
Liu H, He L, Soung NK, Ahn JS, Bode AM, Dong Z, Kim BY, Dong Z.(PubMed)
(2) Emodin inhibits invasion and migration of prostate
and lung cancer cells by downregulating the expression of chemokine
receptor CXCR4 by Ok S, Kim SM, Kim C, Nam D, Shim BS, Kim SH, Ahn KS,
Choi SH, Ahn KS.(PubMed)
8. Herbal Cascara Sagrada (Rhamnus purshiana) and Liver cancer
Liver cancer is defined as a condition of out of controlled growth of hepatocellular cells in the liver. Since the organ is a soft tissue with less nerve, most liver cancer patient are diagnosed in the later stage of the cancer. According to the statistic, liver cancer remains the fifth most common malignancy in men and the eighth in women worldwide.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common form of primary liver cancer.
The health benefits
It is believe that the Gene CXC12 with diverted cellular functions and CXCR4, a protein in the cell surface chemical reactions may involve in the process of development of liver cancer. Down regulation of CXCR4 expression in these reaction may be considered in prevention and treatment the spread of liver cancer. Emodin, a major chemical constituent found in Cascara Sagrada exerted its anti cancer activities by inhibiting the NF-κB activation (inflammation, immunity, cell proliferation and apoptosis) and suppression of CXCL12-induced the spread and invasion in HCC cell lines. In HepG2 cells, in doses depending manner, emodin increased the protein level of cellular tumor antigen (P53) and decreased the protein level of NF-κB/p65 (mutation of gene causes of cancers) in HepG2 cells, a liver cancer cell line. The search team at Wuhan University, also found that emodin not only down regulated expression of (a protein in regulating and contributing to programmed cell death or apoptosis, but also inhibited the heterodimerization of Bcl-2 with Bax (pro-apoptotic Bax protein). Through these results, emodin suppression of CXCR4 signaling pathway as well as controlling the process of a multifaceted complex cascade of events in liver progression may be another choices in treating liver cancer. The other chemical constituent, Aloe-emodin, also is found to exert its anti cancer effect on the proliferation of hepatic hepatocellular carcinoma cells as it inhibited
the Huh-7 cells (an inherited disorder) in dose- and time-dependent manners and anti proliferative effect via induction of DNA damage and apoptosis.
References
(1) Emodin suppresses migration and invasion through the modulation of CXCR4 expression in an orthotopic model of human hepatocellular carcinoma by Manu KA, Shanmugam MK, Ong TH, Subramaniam A, Siveen KS, Perumal E, Samy RP, Bist P, Lim LH, Kumar AP, Hui KM, Sethi G.(PubMed)
(2) Emodin regulates apoptotic pathway in human liver cancer cells by Yu JQ, Bao W, Lei JC.(PubMed)
(3) Apoptosis by aloe-emodin is mediated through down-regulation of calpain-2 and ubiquitin-protein ligase E3A in human hepatoma Huh-7 cells by Jeon W, Jeon YK, Nam MJ.(PubMed)
9. Cascara Sagrada (Rhamnus purshiana) and bladder cancer
The bladder is a hollow elastic organ in the center of the lower abdomen that collects urine from the kidneys and excreted them through the urethra.
Bladder cancer is most common type of cancer that effect men twice as frequently as it effects women. Usually it starts from the lining the bladder caused by several types of malignant growths of the urinary bladder cells.
The health benefits
Ovarian cancer is defined as a condition of abnormal cells growth of ovarian cells as that have become cancerous. It is one of most common cancer in US, according to the statistics adapted from the American Cancer Society's publication, Cancer Facts & Figures 2010, an estimated 21,880 women in the United States will be diagnosed with ovarian cancer and 13,850 deaths
The health benefits
Study in combined treatment of emodin and survivin-targeted shRNA (a sequence of RNA) with
sur-shRNA plasmid constructed and transfected into the ovarian cancer cell lines SKOV3 and HO8910, showed positive effect of the shRNA specific for survivin effectively reduced the expression of survivin at the mRNA and protein levels in SKOV3 and HO8910 cells. Combination of emodin and shRNA-mediated knockdown of survivin significantly inhibited cell proliferation, induced apoptosis, and suppressed invasion in SKOV3 and HO8910 cells. Other treatment with concentration of emodin alone or combined with paclitaxel, indicated an effective of emodin induced apoptosis alone at a high concentration and increased paclitaxel-induced apoptosis at a low concentration. These results suggested the possibility of an innovative chemotherapeutic strategy in treating drug resistant ovarian tumor.
References
(1) The combined effect of survivin-targeted shRNA and emodin on the proliferation and invasion of ovarian cancer cells by Xue H, Chen Y, Cai X, Zhao L, He A, Guo K, Zheng X.(PubMed)
(2) Emodin sensitizes paclitaxel-resistant human ovarian cancer cells to paclitaxel-induced apoptosis in vitro by Li J, Liu P, Mao H, Wanga A, Zhang X.(PubMed)
11. Cascara Sagrada (Rhamnus purshiana) and primary glioblastoma
Bone Cancer
It is believe that the Gene CXC12 with diverted cellular functions and CXCR4, a protein in the cell surface chemical reactions may involve in the process of development of liver cancer. Down regulation of CXCR4 expression in these reaction may be considered in prevention and treatment the spread of liver cancer. Emodin, a major chemical constituent found in Cascara Sagrada exerted its anti cancer activities by inhibiting the NF-κB activation (inflammation, immunity, cell proliferation and apoptosis) and suppression of CXCL12-induced the spread and invasion in HCC cell lines. In HepG2 cells, in doses depending manner, emodin increased the protein level of cellular tumor antigen (P53) and decreased the protein level of NF-κB/p65 (mutation of gene causes of cancers) in HepG2 cells, a liver cancer cell line. The search team at Wuhan University, also found that emodin not only down regulated expression of (a protein in regulating and contributing to programmed cell death or apoptosis, but also inhibited the heterodimerization of Bcl-2 with Bax (pro-apoptotic Bax protein). Through these results, emodin suppression of CXCR4 signaling pathway as well as controlling the process of a multifaceted complex cascade of events in liver progression may be another choices in treating liver cancer. The other chemical constituent, Aloe-emodin, also is found to exert its anti cancer effect on the proliferation of hepatic hepatocellular carcinoma cells as it inhibited
the Huh-7 cells (an inherited disorder) in dose- and time-dependent manners and anti proliferative effect via induction of DNA damage and apoptosis.
References
(1) Emodin suppresses migration and invasion through the modulation of CXCR4 expression in an orthotopic model of human hepatocellular carcinoma by Manu KA, Shanmugam MK, Ong TH, Subramaniam A, Siveen KS, Perumal E, Samy RP, Bist P, Lim LH, Kumar AP, Hui KM, Sethi G.(PubMed)
(2) Emodin regulates apoptotic pathway in human liver cancer cells by Yu JQ, Bao W, Lei JC.(PubMed)
(3) Apoptosis by aloe-emodin is mediated through down-regulation of calpain-2 and ubiquitin-protein ligase E3A in human hepatoma Huh-7 cells by Jeon W, Jeon YK, Nam MJ.(PubMed)
9. Cascara Sagrada (Rhamnus purshiana) and bladder cancer
The bladder is a hollow elastic organ in the center of the lower abdomen that collects urine from the kidneys and excreted them through the urethra.
Bladder cancer is most common type of cancer that effect men twice as frequently as it effects women. Usually it starts from the lining the bladder caused by several types of malignant growths of the urinary bladder cells.
The health benefits
Genetic markers may play an important role in prevention and treatment of cancers. Suggestion of deregulation of gene activity occur early may be the reason of cancers subsequently. Genetic study showed that patients with bladder cancer has a low genetic marker histone H3K27 trimethylation (important regulatory factors)
and high histone H3S10 phosphorylation (elevated levels on the highly
condensed, transcriptionally inactive mitotic chromosomes) in bladder
tissues but opposite expression in normal people, Emodin, a chemical constituent, in study found to be effective in alternation of epigenetic
modifications in suppression of pH3Ser10 and increased H3K27me3. There
results showed the interaction of emodin in mediated epigenetic
modulation of target genes and anti-neoplastic activity in bladder
cancer cell. Aloe-emodin, another chemical compound is found to be effective in causing apoptosis of T24 cells through the activation of p53 (the protein level of cellular tumor antigen), p21(a potent cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor), Fas/APO-1(a cell-surface protein capable of inducing apoptosis), Bax (Gene) and caspase-3(a caspase protein).
References
(1) Emodin modulates epigenetic modifications and suppresses bladder carcinoma cell growth by Cha TL, Chuang MJ, Tang SH, Wu ST, Sun KH, Chen TT, Sun GH, Chang SY, Yu CP, Ho JY, Liu SY, Huang SM, Yu DS.(PubMed)
(2) Aloe-emodin induces apoptosis in T24 human bladder cancer cells through the p53 dependent apoptotic pathway by Lin JG, Chen GW, Li TM, Chouh ST, Tan TW, Chung JG.(PubMed)
10. Cascara Sagrada (Rhamnus purshiana) and Ovarian cancerReferences
(1) Emodin modulates epigenetic modifications and suppresses bladder carcinoma cell growth by Cha TL, Chuang MJ, Tang SH, Wu ST, Sun KH, Chen TT, Sun GH, Chang SY, Yu CP, Ho JY, Liu SY, Huang SM, Yu DS.(PubMed)
(2) Aloe-emodin induces apoptosis in T24 human bladder cancer cells through the p53 dependent apoptotic pathway by Lin JG, Chen GW, Li TM, Chouh ST, Tan TW, Chung JG.(PubMed)
Ovarian cancer is defined as a condition of abnormal cells growth of ovarian cells as that have become cancerous. It is one of most common cancer in US, according to the statistics adapted from the American Cancer Society's publication, Cancer Facts & Figures 2010, an estimated 21,880 women in the United States will be diagnosed with ovarian cancer and 13,850 deaths
The health benefits
Study in combined treatment of emodin and survivin-targeted shRNA (a sequence of RNA) with
sur-shRNA plasmid constructed and transfected into the ovarian cancer cell lines SKOV3 and HO8910, showed positive effect of the shRNA specific for survivin effectively reduced the expression of survivin at the mRNA and protein levels in SKOV3 and HO8910 cells. Combination of emodin and shRNA-mediated knockdown of survivin significantly inhibited cell proliferation, induced apoptosis, and suppressed invasion in SKOV3 and HO8910 cells. Other treatment with concentration of emodin alone or combined with paclitaxel, indicated an effective of emodin induced apoptosis alone at a high concentration and increased paclitaxel-induced apoptosis at a low concentration. These results suggested the possibility of an innovative chemotherapeutic strategy in treating drug resistant ovarian tumor.
References
(1) The combined effect of survivin-targeted shRNA and emodin on the proliferation and invasion of ovarian cancer cells by Xue H, Chen Y, Cai X, Zhao L, He A, Guo K, Zheng X.(PubMed)
(2) Emodin sensitizes paclitaxel-resistant human ovarian cancer cells to paclitaxel-induced apoptosis in vitro by Li J, Liu P, Mao H, Wanga A, Zhang X.(PubMed)
11. Cascara Sagrada (Rhamnus purshiana) and primary glioblastoma
Bone Cancer
A bone cancer is an abnormal growth of cells within the bone that have became cancerous. Bone cancer may be classified as primary cancer originated in the bone, and secondary cancer originated from elsewhere.
The health benefits Aloe emodin have been found to effective in induced cell anti proliferation and apoptosis in some cancer cell line. In U87 human malignant glioma cells, the chemical constituent found in Cascara Sagrada,
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Researched articles - Points of view of Vitamins, Foods and Herbs
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The health benefits Aloe emodin have been found to effective in induced cell anti proliferation and apoptosis in some cancer cell line. In U87 human malignant glioma cells, the chemical constituent found in Cascara Sagrada,
arrested the cell cycle in the synthesis phase of the cell cycle and
promoted the loss of
mitochondrial membrane potential in U87 cells, leading to early event of
mitochondria-induced apoptotic pathway. In other study of
dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO; control) or aloe-emodin (40 microM) showed the effective of Aloe-emodin in inducing apoptosis in U-373MG glioma cells by suppressed PKC(a family of protein) activity and reduced the protein content of most of the PKC isozymes. These results support the positive effect of aloe-emodin and may be considered as a potential agent in treating human malignant glioma cells.
References
(1) Enhanced induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via the mitochondrial membrane potential disruption in human U87 malignant glioma cells by aloe emodin by Ismail S, Haris K, Abdul Ghani AR, Abdullah JM, Johan MF, Mohamed Yusoff AA.(PubMed)
(2) Aloe-emodin modulates PKC isozymes, inhibits proliferation, and induces apoptosis in U-373MG glioma cells by Acevedo-Duncan M, Russell C, Patel S, Patel R.(PubMed)
References
(1) Enhanced induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via the mitochondrial membrane potential disruption in human U87 malignant glioma cells by aloe emodin by Ismail S, Haris K, Abdul Ghani AR, Abdullah JM, Johan MF, Mohamed Yusoff AA.(PubMed)
(2) Aloe-emodin modulates PKC isozymes, inhibits proliferation, and induces apoptosis in U-373MG glioma cells by Acevedo-Duncan M, Russell C, Patel S, Patel R.(PubMed)
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Researched articles - Points of view of Vitamins, Foods and Herbs
http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/blog-page_24.html
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
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