Sunday 19 June 2022

Tocopherols Inhibits The Liver Oxidative Stress

By Kyle J. Norton

Oxidative stress is a condition characterized by the imbalance of the ratio of free radicals and antioxidant enzymes produced by the host tissue.

In other words, oxidative stress is either caused by overexpression of free radicals or depletion of antioxidant enzymes in the body.

Some researchers suggested that oxidative stress may also arise due to the chain reaction of free radicals in which free radicals donate or intercept an electron from other stable molecules.

Long-term oxidative stress present in the body can cause protein and lipid damage and alternation of cell DNA, leading to the onset of chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer.

In some cases, this reaction also is caused long-term accumulation of toxic substances in the body, such as lead, cadmium, mercury, and arsenic.

There is no single cause of oxidative stress. Some researchers suggested that a number of factors can facilitate the onset of oxidative stress, including cigarette smoke, and oxidative burst from activated macrophages, particularly, the free radicals chain reaction.

Sadly, a prolonged period of oxidative stress present in the human body can cause oxidative damage to biomolecules, (lipids, proteins, DNA) and the death of healthy cells through cytotoxicity.

Certain chronic diseases are found to be associated with oxidative stress, including atherosclerosis, cancer, diabetics, rheumatoid arthritis, post-ischemic perfusion injury, myocardial

Tocopherols are phytochemicals of which many have vitamin E activity, belonging to the group of Lipids, found abundantly in butter, egg yolk, milk fat, some vegetable, seed or nut oils, etc.

On finding a potential phytochemical for the treatment of diseases associated with oxidative stress, researchers examined the curative efficacy of L-Ascorbic acid (L-AA) and α-Tocopherol (α-TOC) against Arsenic trioxide (As2O3) toxicity using immortalized human Chang liver cells.

According to the analysis,
* L-AA (100 µM) and α-TOC (50 µM) recovered As2O3 (10 µM) cytotoxicity.

* As2O3 treatment showed an increase in lipid peroxidation and depletion in antioxidant status, mitochondrial transmembrane potential, and values of total antioxidant capacity.

* Cotreatment of antioxidant vitamins with As2O3 resulted in a significant reversal of oxidative stress markers.

Based on the results, researchers said, "substantiate the effect of antioxidant vitamins in protecting the hepatocytes from oxidative stress which may be attributed through Nrf2 (Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) mediated upregulation of Bcl2 (B-cell lymphoma 2) expression".

Taken altogether, tocopherols may be considered a supplement for reducing the risk of liver oxidative stress, pending the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of tocopherols in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose and acute liver toxicity.


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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) L-Ascorbic Acid and α-Tocopherol Reduces Hepatotoxicity Associated with Arsenic Trioxide Chemotherapy by Modulating Nrf2 and Bcl2 Transcription Factors in Chang liver Cells by Vineetha RC1, Archana V1, Binu P1, Arathi P1, Nair RH. (PubMed)

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