Most Common Disease of elder: The Clinical trials and Studies of Musculo-Skeletal disorders(MSDs) - Rheumatoid Arthritis: Licorice in TCM

Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrients, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
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Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are medical condition mostly caused by work related occupations and working environment, affecting patients’ muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments and nerves and developing over time. A community sample of 73 females and 32 males aged 85 and over underwent a standardised examination at home. Musculoskeletal pain was reported by 57% of those interviewed. A major restriction of joint movement range was frequent in the shoulder but uncommon in other joints(1).

Types of Musculo-Skeletal disorders in elder(2)
1. Osteoarthritis
2. Gout
3. Rheumatoid Arthritis
4. Polymalagia Arthritis
5. Cervical myleopathy and spinal canal stenosis
6. Osteoporosis
7. Low back pain
8. Fibromyalgia


                      Rheumatoid Arthritis

Rheumatoid Arthritis is defined a chronic disorder as a result of inflammation, affecting mostly the flexible (synovial) joints and tissues and organs in the body. The disease affects more women than men and generally occurs after the ages of 40, causing diminished quality of life of many elders(1). According to CDC, Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) affects over 52 millions of adults in the US alone, including 294,000 children under age 18 with some form of arthritis or rheumatic conditions(2). Rheumatoid Arthritis can induced bone loss through elevating bone resorption without increasing bone formation(4). A cross-sectional population-based study of 1042 patients with rheumatoid arthritis showed that RA patients had an increased risk of death from various causes(4a).


                          The Treatment

B. Treatment in herbal and traditional Chinese medicine
B.8. Herbal and Traditional Chinese medicine 
Many herbal medicine have been found effectively for reduction of symptoms and treatment for patient with osteoarthritis(340), including
B.8.1. Individual herb

6. Licorice
Licorice, one of most common Chinese herb used frequently in conjunction with other herbs in many herbal formulas is found to associate to the therapeutic effects on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment through its phytochemicals glycyrrhizin (GL) and glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) in suppressing the anti-inflammatory cytokines(the COX-2/TxA2 pathway). The herbal medicine also decreases the adverse effects of conventional medicine NSAIDs or DMARDs(362).

In a collagen-induced arthritis DBA1/J mice model, oral administration of crude ascidian tunicate glycans with licorice extracts (ATECL) exerted its potential therapeutic effects for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis through the changes in inflammatory proteins and cytokines levels, reduced the matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) protein and increased interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels(363). Glycyrol another constituent of licorice, also expressed it effects in exhibition of the alleviated cartilage and bone erosion and reduced levels of serum inflammatory cytokines, through the suppression of proinflammatory cytokines (NF-κB and NFAT transcriptional activities and inhibited IL-2 expression), DR. Fu Y and the research team at the Beijing Normal University suggested(364).


Arthritis Is Curable
You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies

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Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

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References
(1) 8 Areas of Age-Related Change(NIH)
(2) Arthritis-Related Statistics(CDC)
(3) Valgus deformities of the feet and characteristics of gait in patients who have rheumatoid arthritis by Keenan MA1, Peabody TD, Gronley JK, Perry J.(PubMed)
(4) Serum Sclerostin Level Among Egyptian Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients: Relation to Disease Activity ,Bone Mineral Density and Radiological Grading by Mehaney DA, Eissa M, Anwar S, El-Din SF(PubMed)
(4a) Death rates and causes of death in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a population-based study by Sihvonen S1, Korpela M, Laippala P, Mustonen J, Pasternack A(PubMed)
(340) Expert consensus on the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with Chinese patent medicines by Zhao J1, Zha Q, Jiang M, Cao H, Lu A(PubMed)

(362) Can active components of licorice, glycyrrhizin and glycyrrhetinic acid, lick rheumatoid arthritis by Huang QC1, Wang MJ2, Chen XM1, Yu WL2, Chu YL1, He XH1, Huang RY1.(PubMed)
(363) Ascidian tunicate extracts attenuate rheumatoid arthritis in a collagen-induced murine model. by Hong SH, Kwone JT, Lee JH, Lee S, Lee AY, Cho WY, Bat-Erdene M, Choi BD, Cho MH.(PubMed)
(364) Glycyrol suppresses collagen-induced arthritis by regulating autoimmune and inflammatory responses by Fu Y1, Zhou H1, Wang S1, Wei Q1.(PubMed)